一、实验目的与要求
二、实验步骤
1.进入网上单证教学系统http://202.204.174.248/practice/flow/c/cmenu.htm
2催证:
在正常情况下,买方信用证最迟应在货物装运期15天(有时候也规定为30天)前开到实际业务中,国外客户在遇到市场发生变化或资金短缺时,往往推延开证。因此,为使合同顺利履行,在下列情况下,应及时催促客户开立信用证。
(1)装运期限较长(如三个月),而方应该在装运前一定期限(如15天)内开证,那么,卖方应在通知买方预计装运期时,同时催请对方按约定时间开证。
(2)根据卖方备货和船舶情况,如果有可能提前装运时,也可与对方商量,要求其提前开证。
(3)国外买方未在同规定的期限内开证,卖方可催促对方开证;或延迟展开证期;或在催证同时保留索取权;或直接要求损害陪偿。
(4)开证期限未到,但发现客户资信不佳,或市场情况有变,也可催促对方开证。
3.审核:
卖方收到买方开来的信用证后,要按照合同的规定严格审核,信用证条款同合同一致。
进出口公司审核信用证的要点
(1)对信用证本身说明的审核,其中包括信用证金额应与合同金额相一致;
(2)对信用证有关货物记载的审核,如有关商品货名、规格、数量等各项内容必须和合同规定相符,注意有无另外的特殊条件。
(3)对单据的审核,主要包括商业发票、提单、保险单等。
(4)对信用证有关时间说明的审核。装运期等必须与合同规定相一致。
4.改证步骤:
(1)卖方审证后发现不符点,要求买方修改信用证。
(2)买方接受改证要求,通知开证行根据其指示修改信用证。
(3)开证行通过通知行向卖方发出信用证修改通知书
(4)卖方如果没有在合适的期限内表示异议,则暗示接受
三、单证范例:信用证开立申请书
APPLICATION FOR ISSUING LETTER OF CREDIT
To: BANK OF CHINA Date: APR 19,2000
Please issue on our behalf and for our account the following IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT
by ( ) TELEX/ ( V ) AIRMAIL: L/C No. ( left for bank to fill )
Beneficiary: (full name & detailed address) HANSOL CORPORATION 9TH FL, KWANGHWAMUN BLDG,211 SEJONE-RO,CHONGRO-KU, SEOUL KOREA | Advising Bank: (left for bank to fill) |
Applicant: (full name & detailed address) FUSHENG PACKING IMP. AND EXP. TIANJIN COMPANY 107,XIANGYANG ROAD, HEBEI DISTRICT,TIANJIN, CHINA | Date of Expiry: JUN 15,2000 Place of Expiry: KOREA |
Amount: (both in figure and words) USD41,800.00 (US DOLLARS FORTY-ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED ONLY) | |
Dear Sirs,
We hereby issue our IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT in your favour for account of the above applicant available by your draft (s) drawn ( ) at sight/ [ X ] 90 DAYS AFTER DATE OF B/L on ( ) us/ ( ) advising bank/ ( ) applicant for [100] % of invoice value as drawn under this L/C accompanied by following documents marked with X;
Al [ X ] Signed commercial invoice in 3 copies indicating Contract No. 00WD-911E236KR
A2 [ X ] Full set 3/3 clean on board ocean Bills of Lading [ X ] made out to order and endorsed in blank/ ( ) notifying ( ) China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corp. at destination/ [ X ] appIicant/ ( ) China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corp. at destination and applicant marked freight ( )to collect/ [ X ] prepaid ( ) indicating freight amount.
A3 ( ) Airway Bill ( ) consigned to ( ) China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corp. at destination/ ( ) applicant/ ( ) us marked air freight ( ) to collect/ ( ) prepaid ( ) indicating freight amount.
A4 ( ) Memorandum, issued by China Travel Service (H.K.) Ltd., Hongkong ( )
A5 ( ) Forwarding Agent’s cargo receipt ( )
A6 ( ) Insurance policy or certificate in ( ) copies endorsed in blank covering ( ) All Risks/ ( ) Air Transportation All Risks/ ( ) Overland Transportation All Risks, ( ) War Risks including ( ) per ( ) clause for ( ) % of invoice value.
A7 [ X ] Packing list/weight memo in 3 copies indicating quantity/gross and net weight of each package.
A8 [ X ] Quality certificate in 2 copies issued by [ X ] below mentioned manufacturer/ ( ) public recognized surveyor/ HANSOL COPORATION
A9 [ X ] Copy of your telex advising applicant within 24 hours after Shipment indicating Contract No., L/C No., goods name, quantity invoice value, vessel's name/air flight No., packages, loading port and shipping date.
AA ( ) Copy of applicant's/ZHONGZU's or it's agent's shipping instruction indicating vessel name, Contract No., approximate shipment date.
AB ( ) Your letter certifying that one extra copy of each document called for herein has been ( ) disposed of according to relative contract stipulations / ( ) ( )
AC [ X ] Other documents if any:
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN ISSUED BY THE PUBLIC RECOGNIZED AUTHORITY IN 2 COPIES
B. Evidencing shipment of:
55 TONS OF HANSOL QI-Q 300GSM 31”X43” SBS BOARD UNDER CONTRACT NO. 00WD-911E236KR
Packing: EXPORT STANDARD PACKING
Price term: CIF/'CFR/FOB XINGANG, TIANJIN, CHINA
Manufacturer: HANSOL PAPER CO., LTD. KOREA
Shipping mark: 00WD-911E236KR
XINGANG CHINA
C. Special instructions: (if any marked with X)
Cl ( ) Your signed receipt instead of draft is acceptable.
C2 ( ) The remaining ( ) % of invoice value ( )
C3 [ X ] Both quantity and amount 5 % more or less are allowed.
C4 [ X ] All banking charges [ X ] outside China/ ( ) in Hongkong are for beneficiaries' account,
C5 ( ) Prepaid freight drawn in excess of L/C amount is acceptable against presentation of original charges voucher issued by Shipping Co. /Air Line/or it's agent.
D. Documents should be presented within 15 days from the date of shipment, but in any event within the validity of this L/C.
E. Shipment from _BUSAN, KOREA_ to XINGANG, CHINA not later than MAY 31,2000 transshipment is ( ) allowed/ [ X ] not allowed partial shipments are ( ) allowed/ [ X ] not allowed on deck shipment is ( ) allowed/ [ X ] not allowed; third party transport documents are ( ) allowed/ [ X ] not allowed.
* May leave in blank.
Sealed & Signed by: FUSHENG PACKING IMP. AND EXP. TIANJIN COMPANY
Account No. 1023179654321 with BANK OF CHINA, TIANJIN BRANCH Telephone No.: (name of Bank)
填写说明:
Issue by airmail
以信开的形式开立信用证。选择此种方法,开证行以航邮将信用证寄给通知行。
With brief advice by teletransmission
以简电开的形式开立信用证。选择此种方式。,开征行将信用证 内容发电预先通知受益人,银行承担必须使其生效的责任,但简电本身并非信用证的有效文本,不能凭以议付或付款,银行随后寄出的“证实书”才是正式的信用证。
Issue by express delivery
以信开的形式开立信用证。选择此种方式,开证行以快递将信用证寄给通知行。
Issue by teletransmission(which shall be the operative instrument)
以全电开的形式开立信用证的全部内容加注密押后发出,该电讯文本为有效的信用证正本。如今大多用“全电开证”的方式开立信用证。
Date and place of expiry
信用证有效期及地点,地点填受益人所在国家。
Beneficiary (Full name and address)
填写受益人全称和详细地址。
Parital shipments
分批装运条款。填写跟单信用证项下是否允许分批装运。
Transhipment
转运条款。填写跟单信用证项下是否允许货物转运。Loading on board/dispatch/taking
填写装运港。
Creait available with
填写此信用证可由 银行即期付款、承兑、议付、延期付款。
Against the documents detailed herein
and beneficiary’s draft(s) for % of invoice value
at sight
drawn on
连同下列单据:
受益人按发票金额 %,作成限制为 天,付款人为 的汇票。注意延期付款信用证不需要选择连同此单据。
“at sight “为付款期限。如果是即期,需要在”at sight “之间填“****”或“-----”。不能留空。远期有几种情况: at хх days after date (出票后хх天),at хх days after sight(见票后хх天)或at хх days after date of B/L(提单日后хх天)等。如果是远期,要注意两种表达方式的不同:一种是见票后хх天(at хх days after sight),一种是提单后хх天(at хх days after B/L date)。这两种表达方式在付款时间上是不同的,“见票后хх天”是指银行见到申请人提示的单据时间算起,而“提单日后хх天”是指从提单上的出具日开始计算的хх天,所以如果能尽量争取到以“见单后хх天”的条件成交,等于又争取了几天迟付款的时间。
“drawn on ”为指定付款人。注意汇票的付款人应为开证行或指定的付款行。
Documents required (marked with х)
信用证需要提交的单据(用“X”标明)。
根据国际商会UCP500《跟单信用证统一惯例》,信用证业务是纯单据业务,与实际货物无关,所以信用证申请人应按合同要求明确写出所应出具的单据,包括单据的种类,每种单据所表示的内容,正、副本的份数,出单人等。一般要求提示的单据有(或空运单、收货单)、发票、箱单、重量证明、保险单、数量证明、质量证明、产地证、装船通知、商检证明等等以及其他申请人要求的证明等。
注意:如果是以CFR 或CIF 成交,就要要求对方出具的提单为“运费已付”(Freight Prepaid ),如果是以FOB成交,就要要求对方出具的提单为“运费到付”(Feright Collect ).如果按CIF成交,申请人应要求提供保险单,且注意保险险别,赔付地应要求在到货港,以便一旦出现问题,方便解决。汇票的付款人应为开证行指定的付款行,不可规定为开证申请人,否则会被视作额外单据。
1.经签字的商业发票一式 份,标明信用证号 和合同号 。
2.全套清洁已装船海运提单,作为空白抬头、空白背书。注明“运费[ ]待付/已付”,[ ]标明运费金额,并通知 。空运提单收货人为 ,注明“运费[ ]待付/已付”[ ]标明运费金额,并通知 。
3.保险单/保险凭证一式 份,按发票金额的 %投保,注明赔付地在 ,以汇票同种货币支付,空白背书,投保一切险、战争险和 。
4.装箱单/重量证明一式 份,注明每一包装的数量、毛重和净重。
5.数量/重量证一式 份,由 出具。
6. 品质证一式 份,由[ ]制造商/公众认可的检验机构出具。
7.产地证一式 份,由 出具。
8. 受益人以传真/电传方式通知申请人装船后 日后发出,并通知该信用证号、船名、装运日以及货物的名称、数量、重量和金额。
Additional instructions:
1. 开证行以外的所有银行费用由受益人担保。
2. 所需单据须在运输单据出具日后 天内提交,但不得超过信用证有效期。
3. 第三方为托运人不可接受,简式/背面空白提单不可接受。
4. 数量及信用证金额也许有 %增减。
四、注意事项
1.信用证的当事人与关系人
2.信用证的审核
3.信用证的修改、填写
五、复习思考题
分组编制信用证

