类别：传统戏剧

出处：http://www.gdsqyg.com/agdfyzg/mingluinfo?mlproid=2018012681047630

简介：龙川手擎木偶戏，据《黎咀镇志》记载，早在民国三年（1914 年）由骆七等人从福建引入，发展至今已有近百年的历史。龙川县木偶戏最早为提线木偶戏，主要是村民婚丧喜庆时，以木偶人配以琐呐音律起舞12歌唱助兴、营造氛围之用。木偶一般分为软、硬两种，通常有十多条线进行操作，部分可达二、三十条线。木偶戏班多由 10 至 20 个木偶组成，有单线木偶班和双线木偶班之分。后来，当地木偶戏逐渐发展出手擎木偶，并成为龙川独有的木偶戏品种。龙川手擎木偶造型十分精巧、惟妙惟肖，表演时木偶的手、脚都能活动，嘴巴、眼睛能随曲调的旋律张合、转动，从而使得人物生动鲜明、活灵活现。角色主要分为生、旦、丑、公、婆、净等六大行当，配乐有民间小调、客家山歌等曲调，其板式多样。木偶戏传统剧目有《苏小妹三难新郎》、《夜打登州》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《孙悟空大闹天宫》等。龙川木偶延续了传统木偶艺术，其木偶造型精巧逼真，表演人物生动、惟妙惟肖，对于了解、研究、传承传统客家文化以及地区戏剧发展史等，都具有较高的参考价值；龙川手擎木偶戏深受当地群众喜爱，对丰富、活跃人民群众文化生活具有重要的价值和意义。龙川手擎木偶戏表演需要较好的体力，近年来，老一辈木偶戏艺人多因年事已高、体力难以支撑高强度表演等问题退出剧团，而年轻人大多害怕辛苦，不愿传承，致使木偶剧团的传承出现青黄不接、后继乏人的局面。此外，由于传统木偶表演的道具损毁严重，艺人们多靠自己手工维修、制作木偶道具，龙川手擎木偶戏艺术已经处于濒临湮灭失传的状态，亟待加以抢救和保护！

英译：The Hand-held Puppetry of Longchuan, as recorded in the "Liju Town Chronicle," wasintroduced from Fujian by Luo Qi and others as early as the third year of the Republic of China(1914), and has since developed a history of nearly a hundred years. Initially, the puppetry in Longchuan County was primarily string-controlled puppetry, usedby villagers during weddings, funerals, and celebrations to enliven the atmosphere with puppetfigures accompanied by suona music and singing. Puppets were generally classified into soft andhard types, operated by as many as ten to thirty strings. Puppet troupes typically consisted of 10 to20 puppets, divided into single-string and double-string puppet troupes. Over time, local puppetryevolved into hand-held puppetry, becoming a distinctive form of puppetry in Longchuan. The hand-held puppets of Longchuan are exquisitely crafted and lifelike. Duringperformances, the puppets' hands and feet can move, their mouths can open and close with themelody, and their eyes can turn, making the characters vivid and realistic. Roles are mainlydivided into six categories: male lead, female lead, clown, painted face, old man, and child roles. The accompanying music includes folk tunes and Hakka mountain songs, with diverse musicalstyles. Traditional puppetry repertoire includes plays such as "Sister Sue tested the groom threetimes," "Night Raid on Dengzhou," "The Butterfly Lovers," and "The monkey king caused havocin heaven." Longchuan puppetry continues the tradition of puppetry art, with intricately realistic puppetdesigns and lively performances of characters. It holds high reference value for understanding, researching, and inheriting traditional Hakka culture, as well as the regional history of dramadevelopment. Loved by local people, Longchuan hand-held puppetry plays an important role inenriching and enlivening the cultural life of the people. Performing Longchuan hand-held puppetry requires good physical strength. In recent years, many elderly puppetry artists have retired due to age-related issues and the physical demands ofintense performances, while younger people often avoid inheriting the art due to the perceivedhardships involved. Consequently, there is a concerning lack of successors and an agingpopulation within puppetry troupes. Additionally, due to severe damage to traditional puppetryprops, artists rely mostly on their own craftsmanship to repair and create puppet props. Thus, the13art of Longchuan hand-held puppetry is at risk of extinction and urgently requires rescue andprotection.