语法知识——Prepositions(介词)
(1) With hundreds of millions of supporters and a global network across 162 countries, it is one of the world’s largest conservation organizations.
(2) Earth Hour started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, when 2.2 million people and more than 2,000 businesses turned their lights off for one hour to take a stand against climate change.
(3) Earth Hour 2011 took place on Saturday 26 March at 8: 30 pm (local time).
上面课文中的例句里，每句都包含着若干个介词。介词又叫前置词，表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词的用法比较复杂，它与名词、动词、形容词常有比较固定的搭配。常用的介词有四十多个，这里介绍其中的32个。
about
(1) 在…周围，附近 There is a crowd of people about him.
(2) 关于 We are talking about Tom.
(3) 大约 We left there at about six o'clock.
above 在…上方，高于
A bird is flying above the woods.
across
(1) 横过，穿过 The boy helped the old lady across the street.
(2) 在对面，在…的另一边 The church is across the river.
after
(1) 在…之后 Please line up one after another.
(2) 追赶，搜寻 The police are after the thief.
against
(1) 倚着，紧靠，碰着 He rested his bike against the wall.
(2) 反对，禁止 Jerry was strongly against the plan.
along 沿着，顺着 They walked along the river.
among
(1) 在…中间，被…环绕 The teacher was sitting among her students.
(2) 属于…中之一 Shelley is among the world’s greatest poets.
around / round
(1) 在…周围，在…附近 You should not play around the fire.
(2) 大约 I’ll be back around ten o’clock.
at
(1) 在…时刻，在…岁 I’ll see you at school at nine tomorrow.
(2) 在…(地点) I sat at the window and you were at the gate.
(3) 在…之中，处于…状态 He was at work while we were at the party.
(4) 朝着，向 The boy threw a stone at the dog.
(5) 按…速度，值…钱 The book is sold at two dollars.
before
(1) 在…(时间)之前 I met him yesterday, but I knew of him long before that.
(2) 在…眼前，面对 Harder tasks are before us.
(3) 在…(次序)之前 Please make an outline before you start writing.
behind
(1) 在…后面，在…背面 The garage is behind the house.
(2) 迟于，晚于 His ideas are behind the times.
beside 在…旁边，在…附近 She was sitting beside her father.
besides 除了…以外(还有) There were four of us besides Tom.
beyond
(1) 在…的那一边 Our village is beyond the mountain.
(2) 超过…时间或范围 Some shops keep open beyond midnight.
but 除了…外 Everybody went there but me.
by
(1) 在…旁，在…身边 Come and sit by me.
(2) 靠，用，通过 Did you come by train?
(3) 到…时候(为止)，不迟于 By the end of last year, they had learned 2,000 words.
(4) 经过，沿着 He passed by me without saying anything.
(5) 按，以 He is paid by the hour.
down
(1) 沿着…往下 The boy fell down the stairs and broke his arm.
(2) (由北)往南，往市区、商业区 They sailed down the east coast of Africa.
except 除…之外 We have lessons every day except Sunday.
for
(1) 因为，由于 Steve was sent to prison for stealing.
(2) 为，替代 I wrote a letter for him.
(3) 至于，就…而言 He is tall for his age.
(4) 向，去，往 The train for Shanghai leaves at 6:30 pm.
(5) 当做，作为 I took him for an honest man.
(6) 赞成，支持 Sandy was for the plan.
(7) 计，达 I haven’t seen Mary for a year or so.
from
(1) 来自 The letter is from my father.
(2) 离 My parents’ house is far from here.
(3) 出于，由于 He was suffering from a cold.
(4) 用…制成 Wine is made from grapes.
in
(1) 在…里，在…上 He lives in a village.
(2) 处于…中 She is in her early twenties.
(3) 在…期间，在…以后 My brother became a teacher in 1988.
(4) 在…方面 I am weak in English.
into
(1) 到…里 The boy fell into the river.
(2) 变成 The glass broke into pieces.
like 像，如，跟…一样 Your pen is just like mine.
of
(1) 表示从属关系 The wall of the city has been removed.
(2) 表示同位关系 It took place in the month of May.
off 和…分离，从…下来 Take your hands off the cake.
on
(1) 在…之上 He put the gift on the table.
(2) 在…时候 Mother will be back on March 2nd.
over
(1) 在…上方 The sky is over our heads.
(2) 越过，从…上边过去 The thief got over the wall and ran away.
(3) 遍及，从头至尾 English is spoken all over the world.
through
(1) 穿过，通过 There is a path through the fields.
(2) 经由，通过 We can learn English through TV.
(3) 从开始到结束 They worked through the night.
to
(1) 到，向，往 She is going to America on Friday.
(2) 给 Did you send the letter to him?
under
(1) 在…下面 We took a rest under a tree.
(2) 少于，地位低于 She must be under fifty.
(3) 在…领导下，在…管辖下 This factory is under government control.
up
(1) 向…上 He ran quickly up the stairs.
(2) 向内地，向北 We will travel up the country next week.
with
(1) 和…在一起 He lives with his son.
(2) 对于 We are pleased with the house.
(3) 被，用 The field was covered with snow.
(4) 具有，带有 I bought a book with a lot of pictures in it.
视频讲解：
Grammar Tips / Exercises
A. Fill in each blank with a proper preposition.
1. He asked me whether the movie was based on a real story.
2. We are busy preparing for the exam.
3. A new bridge is built over the river.
4. He came into the classroom with a book in his hand.
5. There is a lamp between the bed and the desk.
B. Complete each sentence with one of the prepositions given in brackets.
1. The rain was beating against the windows. (in / against / at)
2. The train is ten minutes behind time. (behind / after / before)
3. The policeman caught the thief by the arm. (at / by / with)
4. The ball fell to the ground. (to / in / over)
5. I am here only on business and I’ll leave soon. (under / on / with)
Practical Reading and Writing
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范例讲解：
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