I. Vocabulary Analysis

 

1. Phrase Practice

 

1. get away from sth. = become different from what it should be like 避免，与……不同

e.g. The book produces a new image of teacher which gets away from the stereotype.

       这本书描绘了一个与以往大不相同的教师形象。

  

2. pull out into traffic =move out onto the main road 驶入车流

e.g. The murderer winded down the window and pulled out into traffic.

       凶手摇下车窗，将车驶入车流。

       He waved me goodbye and pulled out into traffic. 他向我挥手告别，将车驶入车流。

 

 3. on the receiving end = who receives sth. 接收方；

     be the one who suffers something unpleasant 承受不愉快、接受打击的人

e.g. No one want to be on the receiving end of game playing.

       游戏中，谁也不想成为被动的一方。

  

4. go a long way = produce a far-reaching effect 有长远的影响

e.g. Tomorrow’s game will go a long way toward determining their team’s future.

       明天的比赛对决定他们队的未来意义重大。

 

 

2. Word Comparison

 

1. matter: to be important, or to affect what happens

   e.g. We were late but it didn’t seem to matter.

    happen: when something happens, there is an event, especially one that is not planned

   e.g. It’s important to predict what will happen next.

    care: if you care about something, you feel that it is important and are concerned about it

   e.g. Does anybody know we’re here, does anybody care?.

    mind: to take care of someone or something

      e.g. She asked me if I’d mind the children for an hour while she went shopping.

  

2. hurry: to do something or go somewhere more quickly than usual, especially because there is not much time

   e.g. I hate having to hurry a meal.

    rush: if you rush somewhere, you go there quickly

   e.g. A schoolgirl rushed into a burning flat to save a man’slife.

    hasten: you hasten something by acting in order to make it happen sooner

   e.g. He hastened to the office.

    quicken: to become quicker or make something quicker

      e.g. Ray glanced at his watch and quickened his pace.

  

3. copartner: a joint partner (as in a business enterprise)

   e.g. She is a copartner of a law firm.

    coworker: your coworker is someone you work with, especially people on the same job or project as you

   e.g. A coworker urged him to see a psychiatrist, but Faulkner refused.

    colleague: your colleagues are the people you work with, especially in a professional job

  e.g. We’re entertaining some colleagues of Ben’s tonight.

    cooperative: a business or organization owned equally by all the people working there

     e.g. They decided to set up a cooperative.

  

4. pull up: when a car or someone driving a car pull up, the driver stops the car, often for a short time

   e.g. A car pulled up outside my house.

    pull out: if a vehicle pulls out, it starts moving onto a road or onto a different part of the road

   e.g. A car pulled right out in front of me.

    pull off: to drive a car off a road in order to stop, or to turn into a smaller road

   e.g. We pulled off the road to get some food.

    pull down: to earn a particular amount of money

     e.g. He is pulling down $5,000 ayear.

  

5. manner: the way in which people behave and talk when they are with other people, for example whether they are polite, confident or bad-tempered

   e.g. His manner was self-assured and brusque.

    behaviour: the thing that a person or animal does

   e.g. It is important to reward good behavior.

    act: something that you do

   e.g. The simple act of telling someone about a problem can help.

   way: the ways of a particular person or group of people are their customs or their usual behavior

     e.g. He has rather strange ways.

  

6. graceful: behave in a pleasant way

   e.g. She finally apologized, but she wasn’t very graceful about it.

    gracious: behaving in a polite, kind, and generous way, especially to people of a lower rank

   e.g. Sibyl was the most gracious, helpful, and generous person to work with.

    grateful: if you are grateful for something that someone has given you or done for you, you have a warm, friendly feeling towards them and wish to thank them

   e.g. She was grateful to him for being so good to her.

    grand: splendid in style and appearance; attracting admiration and attention

     e.g. They always entertain their guests in a grand style.

 

 7. menu: a list of all the kinds of food that are available for ameal, especially in a restaurant

   e.g. Could we have the menu, please?

    cookbook: a book that contains recipes for preparing food

   e.g. This is a house that specializes in cookbooks.

    recipe: a set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food

   e.g. His recipe will be enough for four servings.

     ingredient: a food that is used with other foods in the preparation of a particular dish

     e.g. The list of ingredients included 250g of almonds.

  

8. huge: extremely large in size, amount, or degree 

   e.g. There shoes make my feet look huge.

    enormous: emphasizing the great degree or extent of something

   e.g. It was an enormous disappointment.

    vast: extremely big

   e.g. A vast audience watched the broadcast.

    colossal: used to emphasize that something is extremely large

e.g. The whole holiday was a colossal waste of money.

 

 

3. Synonym / Antonym

 

Give some synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

         

 

 

                                              4. Word Derivation 

1. friend (n.) 朋友，友人，支持者

 friendly (adj.&adv.) 友好的，友善的

 friendship (n.) 友谊，友好

 friendliness (n.) 友好，亲切

 friendless (adj.) 没有朋友的，无依无靠的

  unfriendly (adj.) 不友好的，有敌意的

e.g. She smiled at him, a friendly smile. 她向他微笑着，一种友好的微笑。

  Cheerfulness is the basis of friendliness. 令人愉快是友谊的基石。

      What we are doing now is wasteful of resources and unfriendly to environment.

      我们现在做的是浪费资源、对环境不利的事情。

  

2. boy (n.) 男孩，儿子，男服务员

 boyish (adj.) 像男孩子的

 boyhood (n.) 少年时代

 boylish (adj.) 男孩样的，很帅气的

 boyishness (n.) 少年，幼稚，孩子气

e.g. It had perhaps been his boyish defiance. 这也许是少年时代放荡不羁的表现。

  The picture reminds me of my boyhood. 这张照片让我想起了我的童年。

      He was conscious of colouring , and was annoyed at his boyishness.

      他感到一阵脸红，为自己的幼稚而感到烦恼。

  

3. understand (v.) 理解，懂，听说，获悉

 understanding (n.) 了解，理解，个人见解，非正式协议

 understandingly (adv.) 谅解地

 understandable (adj.) 可理解的，能够懂的

 understandability (n.) 易懂性，可理解性

 understandableness(n.) 不可理解

 misunderstand (v.) 误会，误解

 misunderstanding (n.) 误会，误解

e.g. He did not understand the importance of this question. 他不理解这个问题的重要性。

       It is understandable that he wishes to study in the USA.

       他要在美国学习的愿望是可以理解的。

 They pretended to misunderstand me. 他们假装听错了我的话。

 We must clear away the misunderstanding. 我们必须消除这个误会。

  

4. receive （v.）收到，接到，受到

 received (adj.) 被一般承认的，公认的

 receiving (n.) 接收，买卖赃物

 receiver (n.) 接收器，收款员，接待者，听筒

 receivable (adj.) 可收到的，应收的

 receivability (n.) 可以接受，可接纳

e.g. Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有什么比接受教育更重要的了。

       In the modern world, smoking is no longer be considered to be a receivable activity in social communication.   在当今的世界上，在社交时吸烟不再为人们所接受。

  

5. appear （v.）出现，显得，出版，抵达

 appearance (n.) 外表，外貌出场，露面，出现

 disappear (v.) 消失，不见

 disappearance (n.) 消失

e.g. Freckles appear on her face every summer. 每年夏天她脸上都显露（日晒的）斑点。

  In appearance it is avery strong building. 从外表来看，这座大楼是很坚固的。

  One by one his symptoms disappeared. 他的症状一个一个地消失了。

  No one could tell the reason of the disappearance of the money.

  谁也说不清楚这些钱丢失的原因。

 

 6. decide （v.）决定，判断

  decided (adj.) 确定的，坚决的

  decision (n.) 决定，决策

  decisiveness (n.) 坚决，果断

  decisive (adj.) 决定性的

e.g. They've decided to buy the house in the country. 他们已拿定主意购买那所乡下的房子。

   But it is a decidedly climate-unfriendly strategy. 但这种策略肯定会对气候不利。

   Have they reached a decision yet? 他们作出决定了么？

   He has a decisive character. 他性格果断。

 

7. difference (n.) 差异，分歧，差额，不同

 different (adj.) 不同的，差异的

 differ (v.) 不同，相异，有区别

 differential (adj.) 差别的，特定的，微分的

 differentiate (v.) 识别，使差异，求导数，区分

 differentiation (n.) 区别，分化，变异

e.g. Every country has something that differences it from another.

       每个国家自有与别国不同之处。

   He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。

   Each writer's style differs from that of another. 每个作家的风格各不相同。

  

8. elevator (n.) 电梯，飞机升降陀

 elevate (v.) 举起，提拔，素养提升，鼓舞

 elevation (n.) 海拔，提拔，提高

 elevatory (adj.) 向上举的，升高的

e.g. You can take the escalator to your right, or the elevator to your left.

       您可以搭您右手边的电扶梯，或您左手边的升降梯。

   Good books may elevate the mind. 好书可以提高思想修养。

       My elevation watch just shown 5,600 meters. 我看了一下海拔表，只有5600米。

         

 

 

II. Grammar Exercises

1.  "more … than" Construction

You use more than construction to indicate that there is a greater amount of something than before or than average, or than something else.

e.g. This parcel is heavier than that one.

  John is a worker more efficient than Jack.

※You can use “a little”, “ a lot”, “a bit”, “a great deal”, “any”,“far”, “ even” “still”, and “much” in front of more than construction.

e.g. Tom is a little younger than Tim.

You get far more than you pay for it.

 

 

 

2.  "as … as" Construction

 

 The basic pattern of "as ... as"construction is as +adjective / adverb + as.

e.g. John is as bright as Bob.

 The swimming pool isn't as wide as that one.

※ You can use “just”, “almost”, “nearly” , “quite” in front of "as… as" construction,

e.g. Listening skills are just as important as speaking.

      Maybe I didn't love you quite as often as I should have.

 

 

                                                   3.  the most

    The superlative construction is used when three or more than three people or things are compared. In this construction there is usually a scope of comparison which may be expressed by a prepositional phrase, a relative clause, or a non-finite clause. Sometimes the scope of comparison is understood in the context and need not be expressed. In some set expressions, a scope of comparison is unnecessary at all. The negative form of the superlative construction is "the least", which, in practical usage, is usually replaced by the superlative degree of antonymous adjectives or adverbs.

e.g. This is the least difficult book I have everread.

The idea of highest degree can also be expressed by other constructions. In some contexts the positive or comparative degree expresses the same meaning as is usually conveyed by the superlative.

e.g. George did more work than anyone else.

         Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as my first visit to China.

           

 

 

III. Translation Exercises

      1.  在音乐会上，歌手每唱完一首美妙动听的歌曲，观众便高声喝彩表示欣赏。(appreciation）

Explanation:

 "Appreciation" means the act of understanding of the nature or meaning or quality or magnitude of something.

Translation:

At the concert, whenever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audience would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation.

 

      2.  她是个穿着时髦的人，但对饮食很少讲究。(stylish)

Explanation:

 If you are stylish, you have elegance or taste or refinement in manners or dress, or you are in accordance with current social fashions.

Translation:

She is always wearing stylish clothes, but seldom cares about what she eats or drinks. 

 

3. 颁奖时，主席赞美获奖者为人类做出了巨大贡献。(compliment)

Explanation:

   "Compliment" is an expression of praise, congratulation or encouragement.

Translation:

 When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on his great contribution to mankind.

 

4 这只是例行的体格检查，无须太紧张。(routine)

Explanation:

 "Routine" is a courseof action to be followed regularly; a standard procedure or a set of normal procedures, often performed mechanically.

Translation:

It is just a routine physical checkup, nothing to get worried about.

              

   

 

IV.Exercises for Integrated Skills

 

1. Dictation

 

 

 

2. Cloze

 

 

V. Oral Activities

 

1. Giving a Talk

 

On the basis of your own life experiences, give a talk on the significance of saying “Thank you” to others who have done you a favor, helped you, or cooperated with you.

Probably you couldbegin your talk with “I am always ready to help others. As I don’t care whether those I help say ‘Thank you’ to me or not, I usually take it for granted that my parents, teachers, classmates, or friends should help me without expecting me to say ‘Thanks’ to them. Now I have come to realize how much difference a simple ‘Thank you’ can make.”

 

Reference:

1)     You may use the following words or expressions in your talk:

appreciation, compliment, grateful, genuinely, cherish, gracious,look good, from the bottom of one’s heart, hidden beauty, in a great mood

2)     You may want to express the viewpoints as follows:

— Saying “Thank you” can sincerely show your appreciation to the person who helps you.

— Saying “Thank you” is a positive feedback. The person you thanked may feel rewarding.

— Saying “Thank you” may show your inner quality.

 

2. Making a Dialogue

 

China is a country known for good manners, but we can still find some people being impolite in their speech and behavior. In groups of four or five exchange examples of bad manners you have seen in your daily life and discuss the importance of practicing social etiquette if we want to attain harmony in our lives.

 

Reference:

1)     You may want to give some examples of bad manners as follows:

using dirty words in speech, spitting everywhere, littering, graffi to, defacing public property …

2)     You may want to express the following viewpoints:

— From the perspective of an individual, social etiquette is an important indication of one’s

inner quality.

— From the perspective of a country or a nation, etiquette is a significant indication of a nation’s social outlook, moral standards, level ofcivilization, characteristics of culture and qualities of its citizens.

 

VI. Writing Practice

 

1、 英语微课视频：

Ruls of Parallelism （排比的使用规则） 

           

    2、 课前自主学习任务单 & 教学视频规划说明 & 课堂学习任务单  

 

   3、 课前自主学习与课堂互评中可参考的微课知识点清单 

 

             4、微课课后任务及参考答案          

      

5、微课配套学习资源

        

6、课后巩固训练

 Parallelism

 

Parallelism is a balance of two or more grammatically and semantically similar words, phrases, or clauses. The application of parallelism in sentence construction improves writing style and readability — to give the sentence rhythm, balance and force.

Generally, there are five ways to achieve parallelism.

A. Express similar ideas in similar grammatical forms

Example: The strikers had tried pleading, threatening, and shouting.

B. Arrange parallel elements in climactic order

Example: This is a cause that means something to thousands, to a people, to a nation, to humanity, to God.

C. Use parallel forms with coordinating conjunctions

Example: This government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth.

    D. Use parallel forms with correlative conjunctions

Example: This is a time not forwords, but for actions.

    E. Repeat certain words to begin parallel elements

Example: For the handicapped, getting an education is  often a tribulation, a necessity, and a victory.

 

Rewrite the following sentences in a parallel form.

          

VII. Listening Exercises

Greetings Around the World

 

There are many ways to greet people.

A.    You are going to hear a few examples from some countries. Match the greetings with the countries.

1. a bow                                                                       a. Brazil

                                                                                b. Canada

2. a hug                                                                         c. Egypt

                                                                                d. India

3. the salaam                                                                 e. Japan

                                                                                 f. Jordan

4. the namaste or wai                                                    g. Korea

                                                                                 h. Mexico

5. a strong, short handshake                                          i. Russia

                                                                                 j. Saudi Arabia

6. a softer, longer handshake                                         k.Thailand

                                                                                 l. the United States

    

    

  

B.   Listen again. Describe the following gestures by completing the following statements.