高英2修辞汇总：

一、词语修辞格

（1）simile 明喻

1 ...a memory that seemed phonographic

2“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”

3Most American remember M. T. as the father of...

4Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.

5Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye.

6My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake.

7She gasped like a bee had stung her.

（2）metaphor 暗喻

1It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,…

2Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar.

3 ye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A

4the last this intermezzo came to an end…

5…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…

6After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …

7Mark Twain --- Mirror of America

8saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...

9main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart

10All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...

11When railroads began drying up the demand...

12...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...

13Twain began digging his way to regional fame...

14Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...

15The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.

16Her voice was a whiplash.

17and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…

18But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding.

19I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.

20I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.

21The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.

22I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.

23We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.

（3）metonymy 借代，转喻

1In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes

2The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned \Old Webster's\

3...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe

（4）synecdoche 提喻

1The case had erupted round my head

2The case had erupted round my head Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges ...

3But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's

（5）personification 拟人

1…until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes…

2Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay…

3...to literature's enduring gratitude...

4The grave world smiles as usual...

5Bitterness fed on the man...

6America laughed with him.

7Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.

（6）transferred epithet 移就

1Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder

2The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.

3Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.

4I have been exhilarated by two days of storms, but above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been. (V. Sackville-West, No Signposts in the Sea)

（7）hyperbole 夸张

1The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.

2I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out.

3If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.

4I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play.

5...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...

6The cast of characters... - a cosmos.

7America laughed with him.

8The trial that rocked the world

9His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.\

（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法

Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, \victorious defeat. \

 

词汇(Vocabulary)
nostalgic (adj.) : looking for something far away or long ago or for former happy circumstance怀旧的
illicit (adj.) : not allowed by law，custom，rule，etc．：unlawful；prohibited违法的，违禁的，非法的
thrill (n.) : tremor of excitement(一阵)激动
speakeasy (n.) : [slang]a place where alcoholic drinks are sold illegally，esp. such a place in the U．S．during Prohibition[俚](美国禁酒期的)非法的酒店
denunciation (n.) : the act of denouncing控告；指责，斥责
amour (n.) : a love affair，esp. of an illicit or secret nature 恋情；(尤指)不正当的男女关系
sedan (n.) : an enclosed automobile with two or four doors．and two wide seats．front and rear(两扇或四扇门、双排座的)轿车
naughty (adj.) : improper，obscene不得体的；猥亵的
jazzy (adj.) : (a party)playing jazz music(舞会)放爵士音乐的
flask-toting (adj.) :always carrying a small flask filled with whisky or other strong liquor身带烈性酒的
sheik (n.) : (Americanism)a masterful man to whom women are supposed to be irresistably attracted[美国语](能使女子倾心的)美男子
vagary (n.) : an odd，eccentric，or unexpected action or bit of conduct古怪行径；难以预测的行为
flapper (n.) : [colloq．](in the 1920's)a young woman considered bold and unconventional in actions and dress [口](在20世纪20年代被认为)举止与衣着不受传统拘束的年轻女子，轻佻女郎
perspective (n.) : a specific point of view in understanding or judging things or events，esp. one that shows them in their true relations to one another正确理解或判断事物相互关系的能力
jazzmad (adj.) : blindly and foolishly fond of jazz music爵士乐狂
aftermath (n.) : a result or consequence，esp. an unpleasant one结果，后果(尤指令人不愉快的后果)
provincial (adj.) : narrow，limited like that of rural provinces狭窄的；偏狭的；地方性的
gentility (n.) : he quality of being genteel；now，specifically，excessive or affected refinement and elegance有教养，斯文，温文尔雅；(现尤指)假装文雅，假装斯文
aggressiveness (n.) : bold and energetic pursuit of one's end，enterprise有进取心，进取精神
bustle (v.) : hurry busily or with much fuss and bother繁忙，奔忙
medium (n.) : environment环境
catalytic (adj.) : acting as the stimulus in bringing about or hastening a result起催化作用的；起刺激作用的
precipitate (v.) : throw headlong；cause to happen before expected，needed；bring on猛抛，猛投；突然发生；促使
obsolescent (adj.) : in the process of becoming obsolete即将过时的；逐渐被废弃的
mores (n.) : customs，esp. the fixed or traditional customs of a society，often acquiring the force of law习俗
sophistication (n.) : the state of being artificial，worldly-wise，urbane，etc．老于世故
faddishness (n.) : the following of fads赶时髦，赶时尚
hectic (adj.) : characterized by excitement，rush，confusion，etc．兴奋的；忙乱的；混乱的
gaiety (n.) : cheerfulness；the state of being gay高兴，快乐
perversion (n.) : a perverting or being perverted；corruption走入邪路；堕落；败坏
Prohibition (n.) : the forbidding by law of the manufacture，transportation，and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes；specifically in the U．S．，the period(1920-1933)of prohibition by Federal law(特指美国20~30年代的)禁酒法令
orgy (n.) : any wild riotous licentious merry-making；debauchery纵酒饮乐；狂欢
spree (n.) : a lively，noisy frolic狂欢，纵乐
reveler (n.) : a person who makes merry or is noisily festive狂欢者，狂宴者
sober (v.) : make or become serious，solemn变清醒；变严肃
prolong (v.) : lengthen or extend in time or space延长；拖长；使持久
stalemate (n.) : any unresolved situation in which further action is impossible or useless；deadlock僵持；困境
insolence (n.) : being boldly disrespectful in speech-or behavior；impudence(言行)无礼，鲁莽；傲慢
belligerent (adj.) : at war；of war处于交战状态的；战争的
adventurousness (n.) : being fond of adventure；willingness to take chances喜欢冒险；大胆
strenuous (adj.) : vigorous，arduous, zealous，etc．奋发的；使劲的
jingoism (n.) : chauvinism characterized by an aggressive。threatening，warlike foreign policy侵略主义，沙文主义
fracas (n.) : a noisy fight 0r loud quarrel；brawl大声吵架；打闹
infantry (n.) : foot soldiers collectively；esp. that branch of an army consisting of soldiers trained and equipped to fight chiefly on foot步兵；(尤指)步兵部队
harass (v.) : trouble，worry．or torment，as with cares, debts，repeated questions，etc．使烦恼(或困忧)，折磨
sergeant (n.) : noncommissioned officer of the fifth grade．ranking above a corporal and below a staff sergeant in the U．S．Army and Marine Corps；generally. any of the noncommissioned officers in the U．S．armed forces with sergeant as part of the title of their rank中士；军士
draft (n.) : the choosing or taking of an individual or individuals from a group for some special purpose，esp. for compulsory military service征兵：挑选
carnival (n.) : a reveling or time of revelry；festivity； merrymaking狂欢，尽情作乐
contingent (n.) : a share, proportion，or quota，as of troops．ships。laborers，delegates，etc．小分队，分遣部队
bombast (n.) : talk or writing that sounds grand or important but has little meaning；pompous language词藻华丽而空洞无物的淡话(或文章)；夸大的语言
recession (n.) : a temporary falling off()f business activity during a period when such activity has been generally increasing商业暂时衰退现象；萧条
whip up : rouse，excite激起
outmoded (adj.) : no longer in fashion or accepted；obsoletc 旧式的；过时的；废弃了的
sodden (adj.) : dull or stupefied，as from overindulgence in liquor(因沉迷于酒而变得)迟钝的，麻木的
dubious (adj.) : rousing suspicion；feeling doubt；skeptical引起怀疑的；感到怀疑的；怀疑的
flout (n.) : be scornful；show contempt；jeer；scoff轻蔑，藐视；嘲弄；侮辱
conflagration (n.) : a big, destructive fire(毁灭性的)大火．大火灾
fast (adj.) : living in a reckless, wild, dissipated way放汤的，放纵的
pulpit (n.) : preachers collectively教士们
vulgar (adj.) : common to the great mass of people in general：common；popular普通的，一般的；流行的
avid (adj.) : having an intense desire or craving；greedy渴望的，热望的；贪婪的
susceptible (adj.) : easily affected emotionally；having a sensitive nature of feelings易被感动的；易受影响的；敏感的
diatribe (n.) : a bitter，abusive criticism or denunciation 谩骂；讽刺；诽谤
grandiose (adj.) :having grandeur or magnificence imposing;impressive雄伟的;壮观的;庄严的;给人深刻印象的
ally (v.) :come bark to normal strength；revive恢复；复元
burden (n.) : central idea；theme主题；重点，要点
adjunct (n.) :a thing added to something else; a person connected with another as a helper or subordinate associate附属物，附加物；帮手，助手
incompetent (n.) :a person who is completely incapable无能力者，不能胜任者
expatriate (v.) : withdraw (oneself) from one's nativeland or from allegiance to it(使自己)移居国外，放弃原国籍
denominator (n.) :a shared characteristic共同特性，共性
iconoclastic (adj.) :opposing to the religious use of images or advocating the destruction of such images反对崇拜偶像的
sterile (adj.) : barren；unfruitful贫瘠的，不长庄稼的；无成效的
flay (v.) :criticize or scold mercilessly严厉斥责；怒骂
　　短语 (Expressions)
drugstore cowboy :   a young man who hangs around drugstores and other public places trying to impress women在杂货店和其他公共场所徘徊试图打动女人的年轻男人
　　例： You don't see the old drugstore cowboys around this part of town anymore．在这个镇的这片地方你再也看不到以往那些杂货店牛仔了。
see sth.in perspective :   view or judge things in a way that show their true relations to one another以联系的观点正确地看待或判断事物
　　例： We should see these events in perspective．我们应该注意这些事件间的本质联系以正确评价它们。
precipitate sb.／sth:into sth． :   thrust violently into(a condition)使突然陷入某种状态
　　例： precipitate the country into war使国家突然陷人战争
sober up :   tfree from drunkenness；become not drunk变清醒
　　例： Put him t0 bed until he sobers up．送他上床等他清醒过来。
whip up :   rouse；excite煽动，激起
　　例： whip up the mob煽动暴民／whip up enthusiasm激起热情
keep up with the Joneses :   compete with one's neighbors．etc．(in the purchase 0f articles，e．g．clothes，a car，indicating social status)和琼斯一家人比(在购买物品如衣物、汽车等方面与邻人等相比以示社会地位)，与他人攀比
FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white> common denominator :   a commonly shared theme or trait共同点，共同特色
　　例： All these accidents have a comnlon denominator that they are related with drunk driving．所有这些事故的共同点是它们都与酒后驾车有关。
write off :   drop from consideration看不起，认为无价值
　　例： We'Ve written the project ofr as a nonstarter．我们认为这个项目毫无成功的希望，已经对它不予以考虑了。