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1)Emissions from fixed-roof tanks resulting from evaporative losses due to storage of volatile fluids are known as breathing losses (or standing storages losses). The evaporative losses that occur in fixed-roof tanks during filling and emptying operations are known as working losses. Total emissions from external floating-roof tanks are the sum of withdrawal losses and storage losses.

2）On fixed-roof tanks, where the roof-to-shell attachment is constructed in accordance with API Standard 650, Sec. 3.10.2.5.1, the roof-to-shell joint may be considered frangible, and in the event of excessive internal pressure may fail before failure occurs in the tank-shell joints or the shell-to-bottom joint. In tanks built in this manner, consideration need not be given to any additional requirements for emergency venting if the tank is isolated from other equipment and loss of the roof during emergency conditions is acceptable.

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