Chapter 5 Education,Media and Holiday

Learning Goals

v Education

v Ⅰ. Educational Policy

v 1. Basic principle:compulsory education for all children between the age of 5 and 16.

v 2. Four stages:

§ Primary education: 5 -11

§ Secondary education:11-16

§ further education:16-18 

§ higher education-----18-22

v 3. Two parallel school system:

§ State system—state schools公立学校94%

v  (Freeto all children between 5—16 years old)

v  TheNational Curriculum国民教育课程(compulsory)

§ Independent system —public schools私立（贵族）学校  6%

v  (mostly children between 5—16 years old in the well-off families)

v  Independenttuition fees

v  Independentcurriculum

v 4. Further Education:

Afterthe secondary education, all the students are required to attend the Nationalexamination in order to get GCSE普通中学证书.Then they havetwo ways:

v Academic Route (学业路线) ---enter“the sixth form”, attend A-levels (General Certificate of Education—Advanced) 普通教育高级证书 foruniversities admittances

v Vocational Route (职业路线) -----acquire GNVQ (General National Vocational Qualification)普通职业资格证书 forvocational training

v Ⅱ. Higher Education:

v 1. Recruitment based on:

v Grades of A-levels

v School references

v Interview

v 2. All Britishuniversity are partially funded by central government grants, except theUniversity of Buckingham and BBP University College

v 3.time range学年

                       

Degree  awarded	Time  range required in UK	Time  range required in China
B.A.  / B.S.	3  years	4  years
M.A.  / M.S.	1  or 2 years	2  or 3 years
Doctoral  Degree	3  to 5 years	3  to 5 years

Educational Policy

v Before 1870, education was voluntary andschools were set up by the church.(P.53)

v 20^th century later on,government take responsibility for education.

v Since 1944 all children in Britain, agefrom 5 to 16, have been required to accept compulsory education, freeeducation.(P.53)

v In the 1960s, comprehensive school wereintroduced ,which ended the division between grammar schools and vocationalschools.

v Subjects: mathematics, English, science,geography, technology, music, art, physical education, a foreign language.

v British education is divided into Fourstages:

v Primary education: 5 -11

v Secondary education:11-16

v further education:16-18  Two more years in preparation for highereducation (academically capable pupils)

v higher education-----18-22

Thereare three aspects about educational system in Britain.(P.54)

v primary and Secondary Education

v Higher Education

v Famous Universities

v Two parallel school system:

v State system—state schools公立学校94%

v  (Freeto all children between 5—16 years old)

v  TheNational Curriculum国民教育课程(compulsory)

v Independent system —public schools私立（贵族）学校  6%

v  Independenttuition fees

v  Independentcurriculum

v State System公办体系

v state system—11-year compulsoryeducation

v 5-11: primary schools calledco-educational or mixed schools which recruit boys and girls.

v 11-16: secondary schools are mostlycomprehensive schools which provide general education.

              (comprehensive schools: literatureand science, cooking and carpentry)

Independent System（私立体系）

v —Harrow 哈罗公学：丘吉尔、拜伦的母校，约旦国王侯赛因、印度前总理尼赫鲁也曾在这里就学。

v Eton, 伊顿公学，也是英国昔日殖民地上层社会家庭孩子入学的首选学校，从印度王子到阿拉伯王子，大家都以入学伊顿为骄傲。

v 　　伊顿公学被称为“精英的摇篮”，先后出过20位英国首相。在各国名流眼中，能把小孩送到伊顿公学就代表了地位和身份，因此连英国切尔西足球俱乐部老板阿布拉莫维奇，也在拼命为孩子申请入学伊顿公学。

v Take in 6 percent of all Britishchildren

v Afford high fees: £ 7 000 per term

v A privilege for the wealthy (publicschools)

v Better funded (tuition, privatebusiness, minimal government assistance)

v Better teachers

v Better facilities

v Better chance to enter famous universities

v Further Education (延续教育)(P.55)

v At 16 all thestudents attend the National examination，GCSE普通中学证书(General Certificate of Secondary Education中考), choosing toleave or to continue education, namely two ways: one is Academic Route (学业路线)---“the sixth form”, the other is Vocational Route (职业路线)

v 第六学院“the sixth form” (2 years): 3 or 4subjects (Mathematics, Information Technology, Physics, Chemistry or BusinessStudies）

    Attend A-levels (General Certificate ofEducation—Advanced)       普通教育高级证书 (优于高中毕业证，等同于大学预科)——高考
      —foruniversities admittances (academic)

v GNVQ (General National VocationalQualification)普通职业资格证书  

              —for vocational training

Higher Education

v Long history:

v University of Oxford : in 1167

v University of Cambridge : 1231

v Recruitment based on:

v Grades of A-levels

v School references

v Interview

v All British university are partiallyfunded by central government grants, except the University of Buckingham andBBP University College (BBP大学学院隶属于BBP集团是英国知名的将学历教育与国际执业资质认证相结合进行教学的新型大学教育集团)

v     英国BBP大学创建于1976年。“BPP”取自创办人埃兰·布赖尔利，理查德·布莱斯和查尔斯·普赖尔三人姓氏首位字母。BPP大学最早是一家为会计类学生提供考试培训的培训中心。1992年后先后成立了法学院、商学院、健康学院及英文语言学习预科学院四个学院，如今发展成为一所新型综合类大学。

v     BPP商学院坐落于伦敦市中心金融街的迈尔广场，紧邻著名的“小黄瓜”大厦和伦敦劳埃德大厦（伦敦一区）。交通便利。附近地铁站有Bank站和Liverpool街站。BPP大学的商务、金融、法律及卫生健康教学中心地理位置、学习环境优越。BPP不同校区分别坐落于伦敦、伯明翰、曼彻斯特、布里斯托、利物浦、利兹和阿伯丁等各大城市。学校周边商业、研究机构林立，为学生学、知、行提供一线环境，为毕业工作打下坚实基础。

v Open University (P.56)

v        By TV, radio, correspondence, video,network

v         No education qualification

v        University degree

v        variety of people

Famous Universities

Universityof Cambridge          剑桥大学

Universityof Oxford                牛津大学

LondonSchool of Economics  伦敦政治经济学院

ImperialCollege (London)       帝国学院（伦敦）

UniversityCollege London      伦敦大学学院

DurhamUniversity                   杜伦大学

Universityof St. Andrews       圣安德鲁斯大学

Universityof Bristol          布里斯托大学

Universityof Warwick            华威大学

LancasterUniversity                兰卡斯特大学

UniversityOf Exeter                埃克塞特大学