this chapter includes the following:
Definitions
Transportation infrastructure
Communication infrastrcture
Utilities
infrastructure
Things don’t work abroad like they do at “home”
Adapting to this difference and anticipating the problems before they arise
It is difficult to generalize in one particular comment or statement.
The cases may arise:
a.) A specific port is not equipped with sufficient cold storage warehousing space,doesn’t have an appropriately sized crane
b.) Inexperiencing delays in getting the goods from the port to the reminder of the country
c.) The road is particular congested
d. )A specific tunnel has recently been closed
e. )A railroad is experiencing shortage of appropriately cars
The definition of Infrastructure
definition 1:
The basic facilities, services and installations needed for the functioning of a community and society ,such as transportation and community
definiton 2:
A collective term for the subordinate parts of an undertaking, substructure, foundation .The permanent installations forming a basis formilitary operation, as airfields ,naval bases, training establishment.
definiton 3:A broad definition in logistics
Infrastructure is a collective term that refer to all elements in place (publicly or privately goods) to facilitate transportation,communication and business exchange
so in the background of logisitcs ,the term includes:
Transportation elements
Communication elements
Existence and quality of public utilities
Banking services
Retail distribution channel
Existence and quality of court system
The defense of intellectual property rights
The Existence of standard
基础设施是指为社会生产和居民生活提供公共服务的物质工程设施，是用于保证国家或地区社会经济活动正常进行的公共服务系统。它是社会赖以生存发展的一般物质条件。“基础设施”不仅包括公路、铁路、机场、通讯、水电煤气等公共设施，即俗称的基础建设（physical infrastructure），而且包括教育、科技、医疗卫生、体育、文化等社会事业即“社会性基础设施”（social infrastructure）。
The movement of goods documents ,as well as the movement of money and informationis dependent on these infrastructure components.
International logistics as a whole is a network made of nodes结点and links连线.The whole process is the switch between movement along international logistics links and storage in international logistics nodes.
