本节主要讲授与桩基础以及设计细节相关的专业词汇、关键语法、复杂复合句的理解与翻译。

    (1) 桩基础 (Pile foundation)

    (2) 设计细节 (Design consideration)

【选择题】

1. If the bearing capacity of the upper soil layers is insufficient for a spread foundation, but firmer strata are available at greater depth,    D     is used to transfer the loads to these deeper strata.

(A) mat foundation   (B) spread foundation    (C) grid foundation    (D) pile foundation

【简答题】

1. What procedures should be taken into consideration in the design of foundation?

【词汇英译汉】

1. strata

2. cap

3. concentrated load

4. distributed pressures

5. punching shear

6. dowel

【答案】

1. 土层

2. 柱帽

3. 集中荷载

4. 分布荷载

5. 冲切力

6. 插筋

【句子汉译英】

1. 基础必须要设计的既能够承载柱荷载并将其安全地转移到土壤中又能满足规范要求。

2. 桩通常在每一柱下以组或簇的形式排列。

【答案】

1. Foundations must be designed to carry the column loads and transfer them to the soil safely while satisfying code limitations.

2. Piles are generally arranged in groups or clusters under each column.