本节主要讲授与条形、网格和筏板基础相关的专业词汇、关键语法、复杂复合句的理解与翻译。

    (1) 条形基础 (Strip foundation)

    (2) 网格基础 (Grid foundation)

    (3) 筏板基础 (Raft foundation)

【选择题】

1. For compressible soils, it can be assumed in        approximation that the deformation or settlement of the soil at given location and the bearing pressure at that location are proportional to each other.

(A) one;      (B) first;      (C) two;     (D) second.

2. For compressible soils, it can be assumed in first approximation that the deformation or settlement of the soil at given location and the bearing pressure at that location are    A      to each other.

(A) proportional        (B) inversely proportional      (C) linear        (D) non-linear

【简答题】

1. What situations do two-column foundations become necessary in?

【词汇英译汉】

1. grid foundation

2.be proportional to

3. approximation

4. adjacent

【答案】

1. 交叉条形基础

2. 成正比

3. 近似法，近似值

4. 邻近的，比邻的

【句子汉译英】

1. 对于可压缩土，可采用一阶近似假定（线性假定），即，给定地点的变形或沉降和该地点所承受的压力成正比。

2. 对于可压缩土，可采用一阶近似假定（线性假定），即，给定地点的变形或沉降和该地点所承受的压力成正比。

【答案】

1. For compressible soils, it can be assumed in first approximation that the deformation or settlement of the soil at given location and the bearing pressure at that location are proportional to each other.

2. If the bearing capacity of the upper soil layers is insufficient for a spread foundation, but firmer strata(土层) are available at greater depth, piles are used to transfer the loads to these deeper strata.