本节主要讲授与钢材性能要求有关的专业词汇、关键语法和复杂复合句的理解与翻译。

    (1) 钢材的基本材性性能 (Basic material properties of steel)

    在钢材标准件的单向一次拉伸曲线(Tensile coupon test curve)中，标准件经历了弹性阶段(elastic range)、塑形阶段(plastic range)、应力强化阶段(strain hardening)和颈缩阶段(necking and failure)四个阶段。

    可测得屈服强度(yield strength)、极限抗拉强度(ultimate strength)、弹性模量(elastic modulus)和伸长率(elongation)四个重要力学性能指标。

    (2) 冲击韧性 (Impact toughness)

    与夏比V型缺口冲击试验(Charpy V-notch impact test)有关的专业英语表达，以及与韧性 (toughness)和延性(ductility)有关的英语表达。

    (3) 冷弯性能 (Cold-forming ability)

    与冷弯性能 (Cold-forming ability) 有关的专业英语表达。

    (4) 可焊性 (Weldability)

    与可焊性 (Weldability) 有关的专业英语表达。

3.1  

【选择题】

1. The        means an extent to which a material can sustain plastic deformation without rupture.

(A) elasticity;  (B) Plasticity;  (C) elastoplasticity;  (D) ductility.

2. The         refers to the capacity of a steel to be welded into a satisfactory, crack-free, sound joint under fabrication conditions without difficulty.             

(A) corrosion resistance; (B) weldability; (C) impact toughness; (D) cold-forming ability.

【简答题】

1. Which ranges does a steel coupon specimen undergo in tensile coupon test curve?

2. What is the difference between toughness and ductility?

3. What do the requirements on material properties include?

【词汇英译汉】

1. toughness

2. durability

3. fabrication ability

4. cold-forming ability

5. weldability

6. repeat load

7. uniaxial tensile coupon test

8. proportional limit

9. stress-strain diagram

10. liner elastic

【答案】

1. 韧性

2. 耐久性

3. 加工性能

4. 冷弯性能

5. 焊接性能

6. 往复荷载

7. 单轴拉伸材性试验

8. 比例极限

9. 应力-应变曲线

10. 线弹性

【句子汉译英】

1. 疲劳强度对于受振动、循环及往复荷载作用的结构构件十分重要。

2. 韧性与延性相关但不同于延性。

【答案】

1. Fatigue strength is important for steel structural members subjected to vibratory, cyclical, or repeated loads.

2. Toughness is related to ductility but different from ductility.