8 研究理念与方法论

2014年夏天，IBM商业价值研究院启动了一项调研，着力于解决与认知计算相关的三个问题：

①认知计算的现状是什么，预计将会如何演进？

②从已经在多个行业中实施认知计算解决方案的领先机构中可以吸取哪些经验？

③主要战略和计划是什么，领导者可以采取哪些措施在企业中将认知计算变为现实？

为了回答这些问题，我们对多个领域中与认知计算新兴领域相关的几十位全球主题专家（SME）举行了访谈。SME包括在多个领域拥有实际认知计算解决方案实施经验的行业人士（例如认知计算系统实施计划主管和技术领导人），以及专注于多个研究领域的认知计算研发的行业和学术机构成员［例如著名大学的计算机科学教授、人工智能〔AAAI〕 进步协会成员］。访谈注重了解认知计算的未来和可能影响该技术方向的推动力，并且从领先机构正在实施的实际系统中吸取经验教训。

本次调研的执行领导人

Jay Bellissimo是IBM Watson集团的Watson转型总经理。Jay利用认知计算的多项优势创造市场，实现行业转型，并帮助客户探索新业务模式，从而帮助推动计算的下一个时代——认知计算——的到来。他的联系方式是：joseph.bellissimo@us.ibm.com。

Shanker Ramamurthy是IBM全球企业咨询服务部业务分析与战略业务的全球管理合伙人。Shanker负责全球跨行业的咨询服务，包括数字运作，金融、风险和欺诈，大数据和分析，人才和变革。他的联系方式是：sramamur@us.ibm.com。

作者

Sandipan Sarkar博士是IBM全球企业咨询服务部全球政府能力中心的执行架构师，负责全球各地的机构设计和实施复杂创新的技术解决方案。Sandipan拥有贾达普大学的自然语言处理博士学位。他的联系方式是：sandipan.sarkar@in.ibm.com。

Dave Zaharchuk是IBM商业价值研究院的全球政府行业领导人。Dave负责指导多个领域和主题的思想领导力研究。他的联系方式是：david.zaharchuk@us.ibm.com。

合作者

Lisa Amini博士、Ian Baker、Guruduth Banavar博士、Grady Booch、ChrisCodella博士、SteveCowley、Will Dubyak博士、Juliane Gallina、John Gordon、Bill Hume、Brian Keith、Peter Korsten、Ravesh Lala、Gina Loften、Phil Poenisch、Francesca Rossi博士、Manuela Veloso博士和Eric Will。

致谢

感谢Brian Bissell、Eric Brown博士、Murray Campbell博士、Patricia Carrolo、John Hogan、Daniel Kahneman博士、Shibani Kansara、Nitin Kapoor、Eric Lesser、Ryan

Musch、Mary Ann Ryan、Prasanna Satpathy、Akash Sehgal、David Sink和Jim Spohrer博士。

参考资料

“Healthcare Decision Support andIBMWatson: – Markets Reach $239 Billion By 2019.” WinterGreen Research, Inc. Press Release. March 19, 2013. http://wintergreenresearch.com/reports/Healthcare%20Decision%20Support%202013%20press%20release.pdf

“IBM Global Technology Outlook 2014.”IBMResearch. 2014.

Ibid.

Ibid.

“USAA membersCan quiz thisCelebrityComputer soon）Who is Watson?）.” USAA News. July 23, 2014. https://communities.usaa.com/t5/USAA-News/USAA-members-can-quiz-this-celebrity-computer-soon-Who-is-Watson/ba-p/37556? SearchRanking=

1&SearchLinkPhrase=watson; “USAA andIBMJoin Forces to Serve Military Members.”IBMPress Release. July 23, 2014. http://www—03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/44431.wss

“IBM Global Technology Outlook 2014.”IBMResearch. 2014.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Terry, Ken. “IBM Watson Helps Doctors FightCancer.” Informationweek.com. February 8, 2013. http://www.informationweek.com/healthcare/clinical-information-systems/ ibm-watson-helps-doctors-fight-cancer/d/d-id/1108594?page_number=1

Picton, Glenna. “Study shows promise in automated reasoning, hypothesis generation overComplete medical literature.” BaylorCollege of Medicine News. August 25, 2014. https://www.bcm.edu/news/research/automated-reasoning-hypothesis-generation

AI Newsletter. January 2005. http://www.ainewsletter.com/newsletters/aix_0501.htm#w

“New Digital Universe Study Reveals Big Data Gap: Less Than 1%of World’s Data is Analyzed; Less Than 20%is Protected.” EMC Press Release. EMC website. December 11, 2012. http://www.emc.com/about/news/press/2012/20121211-01.htm

Greenemeier, Larry. “Will IBM’s Watson Usher in a New Era ofCognitiveComputing?” Scientific American. November 13, 2013, accessed August 6, 2014. http://www. scientificamerican.com/article/will-ibms-watson-usher-in-cognitive-computing/

“IBM Watson GrouPUnveilsCloud—Delivered Watson Services to Transform Industrial R&D, Visualize Big Data Insights and Fuel Analytics Exploration.”IBMPress Release. January 9, 2014. http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/42869.wss

“IBM Watson’s Next Venture: Fueling New Era of Cognitive Apps Built in theCloud by Developers.”IBMPress Release. November 14, 2013. http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/ en/pressrelease/42451.wss

“Digital Travel Pioneer Terry Jones Launches WayBlazer, Powered byIBMWatson.” 

IBM Press Release. October 7, 2014. https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/45024.wss