Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a job and learn to like it; others quit from one to another looking for something to suit them; the young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope (摸索) in the dark and their chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them. Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment. It sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest.
In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an emotional wreck (受到严重伤害的人) and a bitter person.
1.
The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they ______.
A have ruined their talents
B have taken on an unsuitable job
C think of nothing but their salary
D are not aware of their own potential
答案:B
[解析] 推理判断题。答案可以在文章的第二段最后一句找到：“Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed...”由此可推知，有些人事业不成功的原因是做了不合适的工作。因此B是正确答案。
2.
The difficulty in choosing a suitable job lies mainly in that ______.
A much competition has to be faced
B many employees have no working experience
C the young people only care about how much they can earn
D schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。第一段提到：“The reason behind au this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution．”因此D为正确答案。
3.
Which of the following statements is most important according to the passage?
A Your job must suit your interest.
B Your job must set a pattern of life.
C Your job must offer you a high salary.
D Your job must not ruin your talents.
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。答案在第二段第一句话：“In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest．”因此A为正确答案。
4.
The best title for this passage would be ______.
A What Can a Good Job Offer
B Earning a Living
C Correct Attitude On Job-hunting
D How To Choose a Job
答案:D
[解析] 主旨大意题。文章的第一段谈到：年轻人找工作的时候较随意，因为他们没有经过任何的就业指导。第二段谈到：选择职业的时候首先应考虑的是自己对之是否有兴趣。因此文章的标题应当是“如何选择工作”，D为正确答案。
5.
The word "pathetic" in paragraph 2 most probably means ______.
A splendid
B miserable
C disgusted
D touching
答案:B
[解析] 词语理解题。splendid：辉煌的；miserable：痛苦的，可悲的；disgusted：厌恶的；touching：引起怜悯或同情的。根据第二段尾句的意思及“wreck”，“bitter”等词可推测出pathetic意为“悲哀的”，故miserable最符合文义。
Passage 2
Persons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in order to lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program. At first it is wise to talk with your doctor. He can advise you of the number of calories (卡路里) you should have in your meals each day. He can tell you about exercising while on your diet. A good rule is to lose slowly. A loss of a pound or two is plenty.
Plan meals around foods you know. This means that it is wise to include foods that you are used to and that are part of your regular eating habits. When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want. While you are dieting, try to build a pattern of eating that you can follow later to maintain your desired weight.
When dieting, choose low-calorie foods. Avoid such items as fats, fried food, sweets, cakes, cream and soft drinks. Try to take coffee and tea without sugar or cream. Snacks can be part of your diet. For example, a piece of fruit or a simple dessert saved from mealtime can be eaten between meals.
Keep busy! This way you will not be tempted to go off the diet. Make full use of opportunities to exercise. Try walking instead of riding whenever possible. Happy dieting!
1.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A How to diet.
B Why we should diet.
C What we should diet.
D Where we should diet.
答案:A
[解析] 主旨大意题。题干意为“文章的主要内容是什么?”由文章第一段第一、二句话“Persons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in order to lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program．”点明了本文的主要内容是...the best way to do，即方法问题，故选A。
2.
While dieting you should ______.
A choose fried foods
B choose low-calorie foods
C choose snack as hamburger in McDonalds
D talk to your doctor
答案:B
[解析] 事实细节题。题干意为“当节食时，你应该______。”从原文第三段第一句“When dieting, choose low-calorie foods．”可知，节食时要食用低卡路里的食物。故选B。
3.
When you have lost the weight you wish, you can ______.
A have some more simple items in your diet
B eat more and more foods you like
C stop dieting
D tell the doctor what you"ve done
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。题干意为“当你减到你希望的体重时，你可以______。”由原文第二段第三句“When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want．”可知，减到理想体重以后，就可以吃一些简单的食物。故选A。
4.
According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A While dieting, you should ask the doctor so that you can lose your weight quickly.
B Overweight persons should watch their diet carefully so as to lose pounds.
C When you have lost your weight, you can have some coffee and tea without sugar or cream.
D As you are dieting, don"t forget exercise.
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。题干意为“根据文章，下列哪种观点不正确?”第一段末尾，作者建议“A good rule is to lose slowly. A loss of a pound or two is plenty”，可知应该慢慢地减肥，选项A．你可以迅速减肥和文章相矛盾，故选A。
5.
If you want to start a weight control program, you should ______.
A ask your doctor
B plan meals and choose low-calorie foods
C do some exercise
D all of the above
答案:D
[解析] 推理判断题。题干意为“如果你想开始一个减肥计划，你应该______。”由全文可知，要减肥的话，就要开始减肥计划，并与医生讨论这个问题，计划好三餐饮食，并要加强锻炼。所以A、B、C都是正确答案，故选D。
Passage 3
Whether you are an American citizen or a foreign national living in the United States, travel abroad requires preparation. Travel may be for the purpose of attending meetings or activities in other countries, visiting families or simply taking a vacation. This page is intended to provide guidance and useful resources.
What information do U. S. citizens need?
Depending upon the requirements of the country to be visited, citizens of the United States need to carry a passport that is valid for six months beyond the visit or documented evidence of their citizenship and identity (身份). In addition to a passport, some countries will require a visa. For more information, see Visa and Foreign Entry Requirements.
Current information on passports is available at the Department of State Passport Services and Information website. There is a new passport requirement for U. S. citizens traveling between the United States and the rest of the Western Hemisphere (半球). For details, see Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative.
When traveling to some specified countries, U. S. citizens may be subject to restrictions on publishing, the exchange of information, the sponsorship of conferences, etc.
1.
What is the usual minimum limit to the validity of the passport held by an American citizen?
A There is no limit to the validity of the passport.
B The passport must be valid for half a year beyond the visit.
C The citizen can apply for a passport as long as six months.
D The minimum limit depends on the nature of the citizen"s visit.
答案:C
[解析] 事实细节题。题干大意为：对美国公民持有的护照的合法性通常的最短期限是什么?由文中第三段第一句话可以找到答案。故选C。
2.
American citizens can obtain the current information about passports from ______.
A the country they are going to visit
B the Department of State"s website
C the authorized travel agency
D the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
答案:B
[解析] 事实细节题。由文章第四段第一句“Current information on passports is...and Information website．”可知，B为正确答案。
3.
It can be inferred that there are restrictions on publishing when American citizens travel abroad because of ______.
A the limitation of the number of publications
B the security of the United States
C the interest of individuals
D the protection of copyright
答案:B
[解析] 推理判断题。由最后一段内容“When traveling to some specified countries,...”中“一些特殊的国家”可以推出，可能这些国家与美国有利益上的冲突，才被称为“specified countries”，因此对图书出版的管制应是为了保护美国的安全。故选B。
4.
This passage is mainly to remind American citizens of ______.
A the importance of applying for a passport and visa
B safety regulations for visiting other countries
C the limitations to traveling around the world
D the requirements for their traveling abroad
答案:D
[解析] 主旨大意题。本文通篇都是在介绍对美国公民出国旅游时的要求、准备。且由文章第一段内容也可得出D为正确答案。
5.
From the passage we can infer that ______.
A to get a visa is a new requirement for American citizens visiting other countries
B it"s easier for American citizens to get a visa from a foreign country than at home
C requirements for American citizens going abroad are not always fixed
D American citizens usually have difficulty getting a passport
答案:C
[解析] 推理判断题。由文中内容可知A、B两项错误，可首先排除；D项文中并未涉及，也可排除。由文章第四段第二句“There is a new passport...the Western Hemisphere．”(护照又有新要求)可以推出，要求不是一成不变的，故C项正确。
Passage 4
Ancient man attempted to change the weather by using magic. When experience taught him this was impossible, he tried to forecast weather conditions. Even earlier than 1,000 B.C. there were seers (预言家) in Babylon—and priests clever enough to denounce as cheaters who predicted the weather a year in advance.
Some forecasters used methods that seem to have no connection with the actual factors controlling the weather. Chickens and other animals were sacrificed and their intestines (肠) poked to find signs indicating rain or drought.
Somewhat more scientific were predictions based on vegetation: onion"s skin very thin, mild winter coming in. Onion"s skin thick and tough, coming winter cold and rough.
Insects and animals were also favorite clues: when the glowworm lights his lamp, then the air is always damp. If spiders forsake their cobwebs, the weather will for certain break. If frog remained in pools, the weather would be fine. If they were seen on rocks, rain and cold were due.
1.
The author seems to think that animal sacrifices were ______.
A effective in foretelling the weather
B successful in foretelling rain or drought
C unscientific ways of trying to foretell the weather
D an improvement on ancient man"s method
答案:C
[解析] 推理判断题。题目询问：“作者好像认为动物祭祀是______”。由第二段第一句“Some forecasters used...the weather．”及下面的例子可推知，作者认为用动物祭祀这种方式来预测天气是不科学的。故正确答案为C。
2.
The saying about onion is ______.
A purely scientific
B rhyming nonsense
C clever verse
D somewhat more sensible
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。题目询问：“关于洋葱的说法是______。”由第三段第一句“Somewhat more scientific were predictions based on vegetation...”可知，这种说法更合理一些。故正确答案为D。
3.
The man who coined the glowworm rhyme probably noticed they lit up ______.
A when it was dark
B in the rain
C in certain seasons
D in damp weather
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。题目询问：“发现萤火虫规律的人们可能发现萤火虫在发光。”由第四段第一句话中“...when the glowworm lights his lamp, then the air is always damp．”可知D为正确答案。
4.
In the spider rhyme, the weather is breaking could mean ______.
A a weather change for the worse
B an improvement in the weather
C the sun will break through the clouds
D any of the above
答案:A
[解析] 词语理解题。题目询问：“在关于蜘蛛的说法中，天气‘is breaking’可能的意思是______。”break：(常指好天气)突变，故A为正确答案。
5.
The frog could be said to indicate ______.
A fine weather
B cold weather
C rain
D all of the above
答案:D
[解析] 推理判断题。题目询问：“青蛙常被用来预示______。”由第四段“If frog remained in pools, the weather would be fine. If they were seen on rocks, rain and cold were due．”可知青蛙的不同反应可以预示三种天气类型，故D为正确答案。