Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
When you speak on the telephone, you cannot use your facial (面部的) expression, eye contact and gestures to help communicate your message. Your voice must do the job.
A good voice is pleasant to listen to because it communicates a positive message. Keep in mind the following qualities of a good voice:
Speak in a voice neither too loud nor too soft. Speak louder when giving important information.
Speak slowly enough so that the listener has a chance to understand your messages without your having to repeat it. Keep in mind that as you speak the other person may be taking notes.
Pronunciation is the correct way to say a word. To avoid mispronouncing (读错音) words, you may wish to check the pronunciation of unfamiliar words in the dictionary before you use them.
People with an accent unlike yours may not understand your pronunciation of some words. You also may not understand the pronunciation of some of their words. In these cases, careful pronunciation is very important for effective communication. You may need to repeat or spell words that are unusual or easy to be misunderstood.
1.
When speaking on the phone, the essential factor for successful communication is your ______.
A voice
B gesture
C eye contact
D facial expression
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。由第一段的两句话可知“在通电话时只有声音可以派上用场(Your voice must do the job.)”，由此可知“the essential factor for successful communication is your voice．”故选A项。
2.
To give important information, a person speaking on the phone should ______.
A keep a pleasant manner
B use familiar words
C lower the voice
D speak louder
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。答案由文章第三段第二句话“Speak louder when giving important information．”可知，D项为正确选项。
3.
The speaker is advised to speak slowly in order to help the listener to ______.
A remember some words
B repeat the information
C check the message
D take some notes
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。由文章第四段的两句话“Speak slowly enough...as you speak the other person may be taking notes．”可知答案应选D项。
4.
To avoid mispronouncing unfamiliar words, you are advised to ______.
A check them in a dictionary
B pronounce them loudly
C use other words instead
D ask others for help
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。由文章第五段第二句“To avoid mispronouncing (读错音) words, you may wish to check the pronunciation of unfamiliar words in the dictionary before you use them．”可知，A为正确答案。
5.
Speakers sometimes need to spell some words to help listeners to understand ______.
A long sentences
B unusual words
C difficult questions
D important expressions
答案:B
[解析] 事实细节题。由文章最后一句话“You may need to repeat or spell words that are unusual or easy to be misunderstood．”可知，B项为正确答案。
Passage 2
Car servicing is something that every car owner has to experience at least some time of the year. The best method to service your car is to go to your car service station and have the servicing done methodically (有条理地) according to your car maker. Consider this: Your car is up and running smoothly but the mileage (里程) figures indicate that you need to have it serviced. Certainly, this is the right thing to do but have you wondered what actually goes in to make you pay that servicing bill every 6 months?
Servicing your car is a simple DIY (Do It Yourself) job that you can learn quickly and easily to save some good money.
If you have never serviced your car before personally, here"s your resource:
Car servicing essentially means inspecting the car thoroughly for any damaged components, and replacing some parts regularly that wear out over time. If you review carefully it is certainly possible to do all this by yourself, as below:
You will need a complete set of tools as provided by your car maker when you purchased the vehicle. This will usually consist of all the spanners (扳手) that you might need.
Completely servicing your car will need a few hours but you will end up saving a lot of money. Besides, it"s fun too and a lot of learning.
1.
What is the best way to service your car?
A To service your car by yourself.
B To turn to other car owners for help.
C To send your car back to the car maker.
D To have your car serviced at the service station.
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第一段第二句“The best method to service your car is to go to your car service station and...”可知检修的最好方法是去服务站，因此选D。
2.
What indicates that your car needs servicing?
A Weather conditions.
B Gas consumption.
C Mileage figures.
D Servicing bills.
答案:C
[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第一段第三句“Consider this: Your car is up and running smoothly but the mileage figures indicate that you need to have it serviced．”可知，虽然汽车运行正常，但是里程数显示你需要对汽车进行保养，故本题应选C。
3.
Why does the author suggest servicing your car by yourself?
A It is money-saving and easy to learn.
B It is a simple way to save energy.
C It is convenient and challenging.
D It is done more efficiently.
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第二段“Servicing your car is a simple DIY job that you can learn quickly and easily to save some good money．”可知，servicing your car by yourself is money-saving and easy to learn(自己保养汽车简单易学，节省费用)。
4.
Some component parts should be replaced regularly because ______.
A they are outdated
B they need to be oiled
C they become worn out
D they are easily available
答案:C
[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第四段第一句“Car servicing essentially means...and replacing some parts regularly that wear out over time”可知，零件磨损才是主要原因，故选C。
5.
What is included in the set of tools provided by the car maker for self-servicing?
A Spare parts.
B Cleaning brushes.
C Measuring meters.
D All kinds of spanners.
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第五段第二句“This will usually consist of all the spanners that you might need．”可知，那套工具中应包含所需要的各种扳手。故选D。
Passage 3
There is a definite possibility that the climate of the world may be changing. Some scientists imagine that this could even mean the beginning of another ice age. The effects of such a change in climate on the human population of the world would be startling.
Recent research suggests that the general warming trend of the past hundred years or so may be coming to an end. During the past ten years, meteorologists tell us the average temperature of the earth has dropped about one degree Fahrenheit. This does not seem like much, but it could have effects on wind and rain patterns which influence the overall weather picture. If these patterns change a lot, it could mean that certain regions of the world may continue to have long droughts while others will possibly suffer from widespread flooding.
What regulates the climate is not exactly known. Meteorologists believe that clouds may be an important factor in regulating the amount of solar heat held by the earth, which in turn determines the temperature of the planet. Another possibility is that man"s industrial and agricultural methods may be affecting the natural weather patterns. However, the weather is not understood well enough for scientists to say for certain what is happening to the climate and what side effects this will actually have on the world"s population.
1.
According to the text, the climate of the world seems to ______.
A be getting colder
B be getting warmer
C remain the same in the past ten years
D have good effects on the world"s population
答案:A
[解析] 推理判断题。题干问：根据文章，世界气候的变化趋势是什么。根据第一段第二句话“Some scientists imagine that this could even mean the beginning of another ice age．”可以判断全球可能会进入新的冰河时代，所以选项A符合题意，为答案。
2.
According to what you have read, which of the following is TRUE?
A Man"s activities have no effect on the climate.
B Another ice age will come soon.
C People don"t care about the changing climate.
D Scientists are not yet sure about the reason for the changing climate.
答案:D
[解析] 推理判断题。题干问：根据原文，下列哪项是正确的。选项A称人类活动对气候变化没有任何影响，这与文中“Another possibility is that man"s industrial and agricultural methods may be affecting the natural weather patterns．”不相符；选项B表示新一轮的冰河时代很快来临，而文章并不认为冰河时代的到来速度很快；选项C称人们不在意全球气候的变化，这与文章整体内容不符。所以正确答案为D。另由文章第三段第一句也可知D项正确。
3.
A meteorologist is a person who ______.
A reads weather forecasts on radio or television
B thinks there will be another ice age
C studies and knows about the weather
D believes there will be widespread flooding
答案:C
[解析] 词语理解题。题干问：meteorologist是指什么人。根据文章第二段第二句话“During the past ten years, meteorologists tell us the average temperature of the earth has dropped about one degree Fahrenheit．”可知，正是meteorologist告知人们气候的变化，所以该词应表示研究天气状况的人，故答案为C。
4.
Which of the following may be factors that affect the natural weather patterns?
A Clouds.
B The amount of heat the earth receives.
C Man"s industrial and agricultural methods.
D All of the above.
答案:D
[解析] 事实细节题。题干问：下列哪项能够影响自然气候模式。根据文章最后一段提出的几个可能理论可以判断，选项中所列举的因素都可能起到影响作用，故答案为D。
5.
The best title for the text would be ______.
A Droughts and Floods
B Meteorologists
C Changing Climate
D Solar Heat
答案:C
[解析] 主旨大意题。题干问：下列哪项可以作为文章的题目。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论的是气候的变化，而不是干旱、太阳能或者气候学家，所以答案应为C。
Passage 4
The English have the reputation of being very different from all other nationalities. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed some attitudes and habits distinguishing him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, and reserved person among people he knows well. Before strangers he often seems inhibited, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a railway compartment any morning or evening to see the truth. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing (打盹) in a corner, and no one speaks. An English wit once suggested to overseas visitors, "On entering a railway compartment shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, if broken, makes the person immediately the object of suspicion.
It is well known that the English seldom show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion etc. Of course, Englishman feels no less than any other nationality. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A man of more emotional temperament might describe her as "a marvelous jewel", while the Englishman will flatly state "Um, she"s all right." An Englishman may recommend a highly successful and enjoyable film to friends by commenting, "It"s not bad." The overseas visitors must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest. They must realize that "all right", "not bad" are very often used with the sense of "first class", "excellent". This special use of language is particularly common in English.
1.
One explanation for the different character of English people is that ______.
A they are geographically isolated from the European continent
B they have nothing to do with the other Europeans
C they like to keep quiet among their acquaintances
D they tend to be reserved by nature
答案:A
[解析] 事实细节题。由文章第一段第二句可知，英国人与其他国家的人性格之所以不同，与他们居住在一个与其他欧洲国家隔绝的孤岛上有很大的关系，所以A正确。
2.
The word "inhibited" (Line 2, Para. 2) in this passage probably means ______.
A unable to have good manners
B unable to express and relax freely
C able to act properly
D able to talk freely
答案:B
[解析] 词语理解题。结合上文的“the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person among people he knows well”可知，在熟人面前，英国人都是安静、害羞、少言寡语的，由此推断，他们见到陌生人，更会感到拘束和紧张，所以B正确。
3.
According to the passage, on entering a railway compartment, an overseas visitor is expected to ______.
A inquire about the code of behavior in the train
B shake hands with all the passengers
C shake hands with the person he knows
D behave like an Englishman
答案:D
[解析] 推理判断题。结合文章第二段引述的进入车厢时应该和所有乘客握手和“Needless to say, he was not being serious”可知，引述部分只是一句戏言，作者真正想要表达的意思是外国人不能违背英国人那一套行为规则，所以D正确。
4.
The English way of commenting on something or somebody suggests that ______.
A the English are modest in most circumstances
B the English feel no less than any other nationality
C the English tend to display less emotion than they feel
D the English don"t take a strong interest in making comment
答案:C
[解析] 推理判断题。文章第三段指出，英国人很少公开表露极端的热情和情感，尽管英国人的感受并不比其他人的少，随后列举的英国人谦虚、冷漠的表达方式都表明了英国人对情感的节制。所以C正确。
5.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A The differences between the English and the other Europeans.
B The different character of the Englishman and its reason.
C The reasons for English people"s shyness.
D The code of behavior of the nationalities in Europe.
答案:B
[解析] 主旨大意题。文章主要谈了英国人缄默、情感不外露的性格特征及其形成的原因，所以B正确。