索 引
Aah(Egyptian moon-god)(阿阿神)(埃及的月亮神),259
Abraham(亚伯拉罕),219,240,251
Abydos(阿拜多斯),120,137,152,155,171,209,233,234,308
Achæans(亚该亚人),310,331,338;in Egyptian texts(埃及文献中的亚该亚人),338
Adam(亚当),93
Aegean peoples(爱琴民族): relations of Egypt with(爱琴民族:埃及与它们的关系),177,233,267,279,307,310;dispersion of(爱琴民族的散布),336,350
Agade(阿加德),203,207
Age and power in primitive societies(原始社会中的年龄与权力),65,69
Age groups,theory of(按年龄区分群体的理论),23
Agriculture(农业):discovery and diffusion of(农业的发现与散布),120,125,164,166,198,200,209;influence on social organization(农业对社会组织的影响),112;kings and(国王与农业);107,147;women and(妇女与农业),106
Ahmes I(雅赫摩斯一世),258—260,266
Akhenatenn(埃赫那吞),参见Amenophis IV(阿蒙诺菲斯四世)
Akkad(阿卡德),203,205
Alasya(阿拉西亚),280,292—293
Alatunja(阿拉汤查),65,68—69
Aleppo(阿勒颇),263,276,307,312,321
Alliance(联盟):Egypt and Mitanni(埃及和米坦尼联盟),290;Egypto-Hittite(埃及和赫梯联盟),327;Hittites and Babylonians(赫梯和巴比伦联盟),324
Alphabet,invention of(字母的发明),201,358
Altjira(阿尔提拉),29,78
Amenemhet(阿蒙尼姆赫特),221,228,234,246
Amenophis I(阿蒙诺菲斯一世),260,266;Amenophis III(阿蒙诺菲斯三世),280,286—295,303,305,334;Amenophis IV(阿蒙诺菲斯四世),280,286—292,297—300,305,307
American Indians,customs of(美洲印第安人的风俗),29,32,46,59,68,81,90,97,106。也可参见“Haida(亥达),Kwakiutl(夸鸠土尔),Tlinkit(特临吉德)”
Amorites(阿摩利人),193—194,197,212,240,251,261,305,351;racial type of阿摩利人的种族类型,192;in Mesopotamia(美索不达米亚的阿摩利人),215
Amu(Asiatics)(阿穆)(亚细亚人),169,176,218,227,229,245,249
Ancestor worship(祖先崇拜),44
Ancestors and gods(祖先与神),77,80
Animals,sacred(神圣动物),7,46,128,130,140;punishment of(神圣动物的惩罚),150
Anzanite language(安赞语言),199
Arabia,climate and geography of(阿拉伯的气候与地理),187—188。也可参见Yemen(也门)。
Aramæans(阿拉曼人),193—194,325,351
Aristocracies,ancient(古代寡头制),58
Armament(武器):of Asiatics(亚洲人的武器),191—192,231,274;of Hittites(赫梯人的武器),238,304;of barbarians(野蛮人的武器),251,313,338,341
Armenians(亚美尼亚人),192,238
Art(艺术):Ægean(爱琴艺术),177,234,288;cave(洞穴艺术),116,118;Egyptian(埃及艺术),137,210,295;Mesopotamian(美索不达米亚艺术),155,210,288;Syrian(叙利亚艺术),283,350
Arunta(Australian tribe)(亚蓝达)(澳洲部落),18,20,27—8,65,70
Aryans(雅利安人),37,234,240,264,275,282,336,349,353
Ascalon(阿斯卡隆),262,324,339
Ashur(god)(阿淑尔)(神),197
Ashurbanipal(阿淑尔巴尼拔),352
Asiatic invasion of Egypt(亚洲人入侵埃及),theory of(亚洲人入侵埃及的学说),122,155,164
Asiatics(亚洲人),early portraits of(亚洲人的早期肖像),183,191
Assemblies(议事会),tribal(部落议事会),64,67,77
Assur(阿淑尔),215
Assyrians(亚述人),160,193,197,264,324,348,349;and Hyksôs(亚述人与喜克索斯人),248;and New Kingdom(亚述人与新王国),277,289;in Cappadocia(卡帕多西亚的亚述人),242;westward advance of(亚述人向西前进),335,351—353
Asylum among Australian natives(澳洲本地人的救济院),66
Aten(阿吞).可参见“Solar disc(太阳圆盘)”
Atreus(阿特琉斯),37
Australian aborigines,customs of(澳洲原住民的风俗),10,18,24,29,32,46,56,64,71
Authority originally diffuse(权威最初的扩散),51,65,71,73,143,356
Avaris(阿瓦里斯),247ff.,252,259,310
Aziru(阿兹鲁),305
Baal(巴力神),253,256,296
Babylon(巴比伦): foundation of(巴比伦的建立),192,205,212,216,217;sacked by Hittites(巴比伦被赫梯人洗劫),236,239;relations of: with New Kingdom(巴比伦与新王国的关系),277,280—281,287—289;with Hittites(巴比伦与赫梯人的关系),324,331;with Assyria(巴比伦与亚述的关系),331,349;revival of(巴比伦的复兴),353
Bantu(班图人),112
Barbarian empire(野蛮人帝国),253—254
Barbarian invasions and raids on Egypt(野蛮人入侵和袭击埃及),123,170,177,214,218,248,251,337—342;on Mesopotamia(野蛮人入侵和袭击美索不达米亚),205,212,234,353
Barley(大麦).可参见“Grains cultivated(谷物开发)”
Barter(物物交换),170,179,198
Battles(战斗或战役).可参见“Kadesh(卡迭什),Megiddo(美厉多)”
Beduins(贝都因人),169,191,193,209,250,260,295
Beni-Hassan(贝尼·哈桑),paintings at(贝尼·哈桑的绘画),245,248
Blood-brotherhood among Semites(闪族人中间的血缘兄弟关系),197
Blood-feud(血亲复仇),13,50,130,197
Blood,sanctity of(血统的圣洁),17,45,51
Blue-eyed people on Egyptian monuments(埃及纪念物上蓝眼睛的人们),167,192,338
Boas(波亚士),29,33,59,88,96,100,105
Boghaz-Keui(波伽兹科易),281,294,303,305,311,326
Brick architecture in Egypt and Mesopotamia(埃及和美索不达米亚的砖建筑),155,200,210
Brother-and-sister marriage(兄妹婚),144
Brown,G.(布朗),102
Bull-roarers(牛吼器),45
Burial rites(埋葬仪式),120.也可参见“Pyramids(金字塔)”
Buto(布陀),131,135,140
Byblos(拜布罗斯),177,181,209,233,305,310,311,329,346;ships of(拜布罗斯的船只),177,228,262,277,294
Calendar(历法),invention of(历法的发明),133;Babylonian(巴比伦历法),210
Canaanites(迦南人),190,209,214,250,261,262,287,352;racial type of(迦南人的种族类型),192
Candolle(坎德勒),161
Cannibal(食人者),spirits(食人者灵魂),101
Cannibalism,significanece of(食同类的意义),106
Cappadocia(卡帕多西亚),236,242.也可见“under Hittites(赫梯人对卡帕多西亚的统治)”
Caravan traffic(商队贸易),165,170,173,179,198,351
Carchemish(卡盖美什),266,276,283,307,348
Carmel,Mount(卡梅尔山),214,262,270,346
Carnarvon,Lord(卡纳翁爵士),258
Chalcolithic remains(铜石并用时代的遗物),119,199
Chaldea(迦勒底).可参见“Mesopotamia(美索不达米亚)”
Chaldeans(迦勒底人),194,353
Challenge,principle of(挑战原理),86,93,96
Chiefs(首长):in primitive societies(原始社会的首长),64,85,90,94;in Ancient East(古代东方的首长),130
Chronology(年代记):Egyptian(埃及人的年代记),127—128,247;Mesopotamian(美索不达米亚的年代记),202—203
Churingas(圣物、护身符)19,45,66,78.也可参见“Bull-roarers(牛吼器)”
Cilicia(西里西亚),233,239,270,279,292
Cities,formation of(城市的形成),198,203,209,262
Civilization(文明): Egyptian(埃及文明),120,122,123—5,129,133,155,163—4,222;Mesopotamian(美索不达米亚文明),201,203,239;Palestinian(巴勒斯坦文明),209,262;Syrian(叙利亚文明),209,230,262,351
Clan(氏族): Egyptian(埃及氏族),7,129,355;totemic(图腾氏族),20ff.,50,143;vagueness of(氏族的模糊),25
Clan chief(氏族首长),94
Classes,matrimonial(婚姻族),32ff.
Clay,Albert(艾伯特·克莱),195
Climate(气候): Mediterranean(地中海的气候),116;of Hither Asia(小亚的气候),188,200
Coalitions,ancient(古代的联合),311
Coats-of-Arms(盾形纹章).也可参见“Crests(头盔上的装饰)”
Codrington(科德林顿),47
Collaboration of phratries(胞族的协作),21,80,90,95
Collective responsibility of clan(氏族的集体责任),14
Commerce(商业).见“Caravan traffic(商队贸易),Exports(出口),Imports(进口),Maritime trade(海上贸易),Trade(贸易)
Communism,primitive(原始共产主义),5,14,71,111,144
Communism,primitive notions of(原始共产主义概念),38—39
Conceptional totemism(概念的图腾制度),28,43,70
Confraternities(兄弟会),86,99ff.,356
Consanguintity contrasted to totemic kinship(与图腾血缘关系相对的血亲),q.v.
Contract(契约),primitive ideas of(关于契约的原始思想),86,92
Cradle of Semites(闪族人的发源地).参见“Semites(闪族人)”
Creation,the(创世),202
Crenellated wall(齿状墙),155
Crete(克里特),177,233,252,262,277,279,293,310
Crown of Egypt(埃及的王冠),form of(埃及王冠的形式),131—132,136
Cult of the king in conquered lands(被征服国土上的国王崇拜),180,181,261,296,344
Cuneiform script(楔形文字): origin(楔形文字的起源),201;use of(楔形文字的使用),237,280—281
Cünow(库诺),22,40
Custom(风俗),supremacy of in primitive societies(原始社会的至高无上者),67,72
Cylinder seals(滚筒印章),155,210
Cyprus(塞浦路斯),163,171,207,278,293
Damascus(大马士革):oasis of(大马士革的绿洲),193,198,215,230;State of(大马士革的国家),351
Damietta skull(达米塔头骨),119
Danæans(达奈人),290,311,341
Dardanians(达达尼亚人),311
David,King(大卫王),352
Dawson(道森),87
Dead Sea(死海),188
Death of Pharaoh,supposed consequences of(法老死亡的假定结果),152
Deification of king,intention of(国王神化的目的),211,296
Deity,idea of(神之观念),75—76
Delaporte,L.(德拉伯特),202,235,241,287,303,335,355
Democracies,ancient(古代民主制),58,63
Desiccation,effects of(干燥的影响),118,200
Despotism,collective(集体专制),111
Dieri(Australian tribe)(第尔利人)(澳洲的部落),72
Diplomatic(外交):Egyptian(埃及人的外交),286—292;Hittite(赫梯的外交),311,324
Diplomatic language(外交语言),281,286,295
Divinity of Pharaoh(法老的神性),134,143,153,296
Domestic animals,origin of(家养动物的起源),162,164
Domestication of animals(动物的驯养),120,196
Dress of peoples depicted on monuments(描绘在纪念物上的民族的服装),155,168,179,192,238,294,313,338,342
Durkheim(涂尔干),12,14,18,20,22,23,28,39,40,45,49,56,61,75,80,83,111
Dwarfs(侏儒),180
Dynastic race,theory of(王朝种族理论),155
Eanatum(安那图姆),206
Economic(经济的): factor in personal power(个人权力中的经济因素),105,109,142;bases of ancient imperialism(古代帝国主义的经济基础),174,176,182,186,194,206,222,234,240,266
Edom(伊多姆),197
Education of princes by Egypt(埃及王子的教育),282,293,297
El-Amarna(Tell)letters(阿玛尔那书信),207,240,280—293,305,334
Elamites(埃兰人),171,196,199,202,206,215,243
Elders,councils of(长老议事会),73,124,130,197
Elliot Smith(艾略特·史密斯),158
Empire,gods of(帝国的神),212,296,300
Emptor familice(家族执行者),89
Eneogamy(族内婚制),19,21,28,144
England and the English(英格兰与英国),58
Ensigns,predynastic(前王朝的旗帜),123,128,197
Eoliths(原石器),117
Eridu(埃利都),200
Etruscans(埃特鲁里亚人),338—339
Evans,Sir Arthur(伊文思爵士),253
European races(欧洲种族),116,338
Exodus,the(《出埃及记》),340
Exogamy(族外婚制),13,18ff.,40
Exploration,Egyptians’voyages of(埃及探险航海),225—226
Exports(出口): Egyptian(埃及人的出口),170,179,222,266,288;Babylonian(巴比伦的出口),225,288;Syrian(叙利亚的出口),181,228,233,266,283,350;Hittite(赫梯人的出口),331;Aegean(爱琴海的出口),171,233,294
Extradition,provisions for in treaty(条约中的引渡条款),338
Falcon(隼鹰),Pharaoh’s protector(法老的保护者),7,130,134,140,142
Family(家族),primitive(原始家族),13ff.,55,196
Fauna(动物群),Egyptian native(埃及当地的动物群),161
Federations(同盟),primitive(原始同盟),83
Fetishes(神物),Egyptian(埃及人的神物),123,128
Fetishism contrasted to totemism(与图腾制度相对的物神崇拜),44
Feudalism(封建制度),99,110,231
Finances(财政),239,266
Fison斐森,22
Flood,the(大洪水),202
Flood(洪水),Nile(尼罗河洪水),119,124,132;Tigris Euphrates(底格里斯河、幼发拉底河洪水),188,203
Food(食物),provision of by chief(首长提供食物),105,142,147;sanctity of(食物的圣洁),106
Foreign policy(对外政策): Egyptian(埃及人的对外政策),172,179,184,234,280,294;Babylonian(巴比伦人的对外政策),218
Frazer,Sir James(詹姆斯·弗雷泽爵士),14,16,18,26,28,36,45,49,61,64,81,87,94,107,124,132,147,149,151
Frontiers,defence of Egyptian(埃及人的边防),177—281,305
Gad(迦德),197
Gafsa(加夫刹),117
Gentile organization(异教徒组织),62
Geographical background of history(历史的地理学背景),115—116,160,187,203,236,262
Gerontocracy(老人政治),69,124,144
Gezer(基泽),208,253,339
God(神):rise of idea of(神之观念的兴起),79,133;relation to the society(神与社会的关系),49;to chief(神与首长的关系),6
Gods as signatories to treaties(作为条约签字人的神),205,296,312,328,331
Gold(黄金),Egyptian riches in(埃及因黄金而富有),179,261,288
Grains(谷物),cultivated(谷物的栽培),home of(谷物的故乡),161,164
Gudea(古迪亚),215
Gutium(古提),203,205,212,215
Gynæcocracy(女权政治),30,41
Haddon,A.C.(哈顿),31,79
Haida(Indian tribe)(亥达人)(印第安部落),33,61,83,87,93
Hammurabi,King(国王汉谟拉比),193,216—218,234
Hartland,Sidney(西德尼·哈特兰德),37—38,40
Hau-nebu(豪涅布人).也可参见“Aegean peoples(爱琴民族)”
Hebrews(希伯来人):origins of(希伯来人的起源),193,194;entry into Palestine(希伯来人进入巴勒斯坦),251,307—308,340;kingdom of(希伯来人的王国),351
Heliopolis(赫利奥坡里斯),133,182,337
Heracleopolitan dynasties(赫拉克利奥坡里斯王朝),218—219,222
Heresy of Akhenaten(埃赫那吞的异教),302
Heriu-sha(赫琉沙人),169,176,213,227,267,279
Herakonpolis(希拉康坡里斯),135,137,143
Hierarchic organization(等级组织),78,85,101
Hieroglyphics(象形文字).也可参见“Picture-writing(图画文字)”
Hittites(赫梯人),193,195,234,290;origins of(赫梯人的起源),236—238;early history(赫梯人的早期历史),242;in Palestine(巴勒斯坦的赫梯人),240,251,352;portraits of(赫梯人的肖像),309;relations with New Kingdom(赫梯人与新王国的关系),277,292;empire of(赫梯帝国),303ff.
Horites(赫来人),209
Horse,introduction of(马的引入),171,190,235,239,242
Horus(荷鲁斯),128,133—4,137,143,182,185,226,279;Followers of(荷鲁斯的追随者),128,134,140,144,155—156,258
Hospitality,duty of(提供给客人食宿招待的责任),191
Howitt(豪易特),22,56,71,80
Hrozny(赫洛兹尼),237
Hyksôs(喜克索斯人),247—54,256,289
Hymns(赞美诗),Egyptian,quoted(引用的埃及赞美诗),185,278,298
Ideograms(表意文字).也可见“Picture-writing(图画文字)”
Imperialism(帝国主义),character of ancients(古代帝国主义的特征),176,179,206,264,281—2,298,353.也可见“Economic bases(经济基础),War(战争)”
Imports(进口):into Egypt(埃及的进口),137,170,171,177,181,226,233;into Aegean(爱琴的进口),294;into Mesopotamia(美索不达米亚的进口),206,215,288
Incest(乱伦),prohibition of(乱伦禁忌),13
Individual(个人),position of in primitive societies(原始社会当中的个人地位),53,77,92
Individualism not innate in man(人类非天生的个人主义),111
Inheritance of totem(图腾继承),29,33,40,42,87
Initiation ceremonies(入族仪式),tribal character of(入族仪式的部落特征),66,79,112
Insignia(徽章),magic properties of(徽章的魔法特征),107,132,135
International relation in second millennium(公元前2千纪的国际关系),295,311,324ff.
Internationalism(国际主义),298,300,302
Iron(铁),use of(铁的使用),163,171,238,251,313,331—2,338
Irrigation(灌溉),125,148,203
Ishtar(伊什塔尔),journey of,to Egypt(伊什塔尔到埃及的旅程),291,334;worshipped in Egypt(伊什塔尔在埃及受到崇拜),296
Israel(以色列),252,229—340,351
Israelites(以色列人),190,240
Jacob(雅各),251
Jerusalem(耶路撒冷),240,262,300,305,352
Joppa(左帕),262,286,351
Jordan(约旦),188,190,219,262,308,351
Joseph(约瑟夫),150,251
Judgment,magical(魔法审判),48
Ka(卡),8,46,145
Kadesh(卡迭什),262,270,274,276—277,283,307,310,328;battle of(卡迭什战役),314,322—327
Kames(卡摩斯),King(国王卡摩斯),258
Karnak(卡尔那克),266,269,278,308,325
Kassites(伽希特),195,234—235,239,243,287,307
Keftiu(克夫条人).参见“Aegean peoples(爱琴民族),Crete(克里特)”
Khattusil I(哈图什尔一世),303
Khattusil II(哈图什尔二世),324—325,239,243,287,307
Khazanu defined(对卡扎奴的定义),282
Kheops(奇奥普斯),152,191
Khian(基汗),250,252—253
Kings(国王):and agriculture(国王与农业),106,133,148;ritual killing of(国王仪式性的杀死),150;and weather(国王与天气),333
Kinship(血缘关系),11ff.,27ff.,50
Kish(基什),201,203,206
Kizwadana(奇兹瓦达那),312,328,330
Knossos(克诺索斯),253,294,295
Kula traffic(库拉交通),109
Kush(库什),168,223,225
Kwakiutl(夸鸠土耳人)(Indian tribe)(印第安部落),33,35,59,88,92,100,105
Labour(劳力),supply of(劳力的供给),179
Lagash(拉迦什),205,210,215
Lake-dwellings(史前湖上木架房屋),166
Land bridges,prehistoric(史前大陆桥),116,166
Langdon,S.(郎顿),202,205,207,211
Languages(语言): of Egypt(埃及的语言),156,158;of Hither Asia(小亚的语言),190,193,199,235,237,240,280.也可参见“Aryans(雅利安人),Hittites(赫梯人),Semites(闪族人)”
Law(法律),primitive(原始法),63,75,102
Laws of Hammurabi(汉谟拉比法典),216—217
Lebanon(黎巴嫩),163,181,188,207,231,262,275,304,308,348,350
Legislation(立法),primitive organ of(原始立法机构),67
Letters(书信):of Hammurabi(汉谟拉比的书信),216;of Hittite kings(赫梯国王的书信),325,331;of Pharaohs(法老的书信),80,287—292,307,330;of provincial governòrs(行省官员的书信),284
Levy-Bruhl(利维·布律尔),106
Libyans(利比亚人),167,173,178,184,213,222,279,337,346
Literature(文学).参见“Hymns(颂诗),Letters(书信),Poem(诗歌),Tales(故事)
Local kinship(地方血缘关系),28
Local organization as opposed to totemic(与图腾组织相对立的地方组织),56,58,70
Lotanu(罗丹奴),227,245,266,275,282,308;defined(对罗丹奴的详细说明),262
Lubbock(拉布克),17
Lycians(利西亚人),290,311,337
Magan(玛干),207
Magic(魔法):forces(魔法力量),46,106;as a factor in personal power(作为个人权力因素的魔法),64,104;functions of Pharaoh(法老的魔法职能),146ff.,273
Magicians as kings(作为国王的魔法师),64,107,133
Maine,Sir Henry(亨利·梅因爵士),58
Mana(玛那),47,75,106,355
Manishtusu(马尼什图苏),207
Marduk(马尔都克),God of Babylon(巴比伦神),216
Mari(玛里),201,203,205—206
Maritime trade(海上贸易),171,225
Markets(市场),search for(寻找市场),206,222,266
Marriage(婚姻): regulation of(婚姻规则),22 ff.;power acquired by(靠婚姻获得权力),36,87;matrilocal(婚后居住在女方的婚姻),41
Marriage-alliances between early kings(早期国王之间的婚姻联盟),287,290—292,307
Matriarchy(女家长制),30,41.也可参见“Uterine(母系的)”
Matrilinear(母系的).参见“Uterine(母系的)”
Matrilocal(婚后居住在女方的).参见“Marriage(婚姻)”
Mauss(莫斯),46,48,91,98,102
Mazaka(马萨卡),242
Mazoï(马梭义),168,174,258,265
Mc Lenna(麦克伦南),17,39
Medes(米底人),235
Medicine-men(医生),64,68,72
Mediterranean(地中海): region(地中海区域),description of(对地中海区域的描述),115—119;race(地中海种族),124—125,158,166—167
Megiddo(美吉多),208,262,270,275;battle of(美吉多战役),272—274
Melanesia(美拉尼西亚),31,46,102,108,355
Memphis(孟菲斯),134,136,146,218,248,259
Memphite dynasties(孟菲斯王朝),177ff.,218
Menes(美尼斯),Kings(国王美尼斯),128,137,152,173,174,207,210,355
Men’s society(人类社会),79,103
Mercenaries(雇佣兵): employment of(雇佣兵的雇佣),170,178,222,311,313;as kingmakers(作为拥立国王者的雇佣兵),348—349
Merinau(米利诺人),240,275,282
Merneptah(美愣普塔),King(国王美愣普塔),249,337—340
Mesolithic remains(中石器时代的遗物),119
Mesopotamia(美索不达米亚):climate and geography(美索不达米亚的气候和地理),188;
ethnology(美索不达米亚的人种学),200—202,212,215,235
Metallurgy(冶金术),discovery of(冶金术的发现),120,155,174,200,238.也参见“Iron(铁)”
Meyer,Eduard(埃德瓦德·迈耶),130,144,152,196,238
Migrations of Semites(闪族人的移民),194,212(也可参见“Abraham[亚伯拉罕]”);of Philistines(腓力斯人的移民),342
Militarist spirit in Egypt(埃及的军国主义精神),265
Mineral resources(矿山资源),control of(矿山资源的控制),163,206,236,240,242,266,331
Mitanni(米坦尼),193,234,264,269,275,279;ethnology(米坦尼的人种学),240—241;relations with Egypt(米坦尼与埃及的关系),289—294;decline of(米坦尼的衰落),303ff.
Moieties(半族),16.参见“Phratries(胞族)”
Monopolies(垄断),State(国家垄断):mines(国家垄断矿山),175,227;long-distance trade(国家垄断远距离贸易),181,226;land(国家垄断土地),143,148
Monotheism and imperialism(一神教与帝国主义),300
Morgan,J.de(摩尔根),119,199
Mummies(木乃伊),117,257
Murder(谋杀),ritual(仪式性的谋杀).参见“King(国王)”
Mursil(穆尔西尔),King(穆尔西尔国王),310—313,314,320,324,345
Mutemuia(穆特穆亚),Queen(穆特穆亚王后),291
Mycenæan(迈锡尼),294
Mystic nature of clan(氏族的神秘性),12,46,48
Mysticism(神秘主义),51
Mythology as reflection of history(反映历史的神话),67,70,75—76,101,105
Nabatæans(纳巴坦人),194
Naharina(纳哈林那),241,264,267,270,276,303,307,311
Namers(命名者):inheritance of(命名者的继承),33,35,90,93;magic force of(命名者的魔法力),108,140
Napata(纳帕塔),149,260—261
Naram-Sin(纳拉姆 辛),King(国王纳拉姆-辛),207,210
Narmer(那尔迈),King(那尔迈国王),136,173,210
Narrinyeri(Australian tribe)(那林厄利)(澳洲部落),30
Nationalism(国家主义),Egyptian(埃及人的国家主义),153,264
Naval warfare(海战),207,214,344
Navigation(航海),123,165,171,177,228,294,350
Negadah(涅迦达),120,140,152,209
Negroes and Egypt(尼格罗人和埃及),167,172,178,223,296
Nekheb(涅赫伯),132,140
Neolithic remains(新石器时代的遗物),190,208
Nippur(尼普尔),201—202,205,216
Nomads(游牧民),characters of(游牧民的特征),118,123,170,172,196,204
Nomadism(游牧),effects of(游牧的影响),on social organization(游牧对社会组织的影响),51
Names(名字),123,130
Nubians(努比亚人),168,172,178,222,258,266,279
Oligarchy in primitive societies(原始社会的寡头政治),86
Omaxtalate,legend of(奥马克斯台拉故事),105
Orontes(奥伦梯河),188,190,192,219,230,240,262,275,310
Oscans(奥斯坎人),341
Osiris(奥西里斯),6,133,153
Palæolithic remains(旧石器时代遗物),116,118
Palermo,Stone(巴勒摩石碑),131,145,148
Palestine(巴勒斯坦),164,184,186,188,190,193,195,201,212,215,218,227,240,245,251,259
Parents-in-law(岳父母),privileges of(岳父母的特权),31
Parkinson(帕金森),102
Patriarchal family(家长制家族),38,86;among Semites(闪族人中的家长制家族),196—197
Patrilinear(父系的),uterine(母系的),27,30,33,35,87
Patriotism of Egyptians(埃及人的爱国主义),185,222
Peace(和平),desire for in fifteenth century(公元前15世纪对和平的渴望),296
Pepi I(珀辟一世),170,213,218,299;II(珀辟二世),179,218
Petrie(皮特里),Sir Flinders(弗林德斯·皮特里爵士),120,152
Pharaoh(法老),character of(法老的特征),4,5,143ff.;meaning of name(法老名字的含义),142注释
Philistines(腓力斯人),341,346,351—352
Phoenicians(腓尼基人),226,232,251,350
Phratry(胞族),15,19,23,62,80,83,94
Picture-writing(图画文字),125,201,237,303
Pinnaru(平那卢),72
Piracy(海盗行为),336,347
Poem of Pentaur quoted(引用的蓬托尔的诗歌),314,323
Policemen(警察),169
Potlatch(馈赠飨宴),86,90ff.,356
Pottery(陶器): Egyptian(埃及的陶器),119—123,156;Aegean(爱琴陶器),171,293;Minoan(米诺斯陶器),233,293;of Susa(苏撒陶器),199
Priest Kings(祭司国王),135
Promiscuity(男女乱交),alleged(所谓的男女乱交),39,53
Property(财产),real(不动产),rise of(不动产的出现),108,142,196
Protectorates(保护国),system of(保护国制度),adopted by Egypt(埃及采用的保护国制度),181,284—286
Pumpelly(彭柏力),200
Punishments(惩罚),use in primitive society(原始社会中惩罚的使用),65,73
Punt(蓬特),Land of(蓬特之地),155,225,279
Pyramids(金字塔),meaning of(金字塔的意义),152
Quaternary epoch(第四纪),116—118
Quibell(奎贝尔),120
Ra(拉)(sun god)(太阳神),128,133,155,182,249,252,257,270,296—297,316
Racial types(种族类型):Egyptian(埃及的种族类型),124,157;of Hither Asia(小亚的种族类型),191,235,237,241,264,350;of North Africa(北非的种族类型),167—169;Peoples of the North(北方民族的种族类型),338
Rameses II(拉美西斯二世),290,307,310,312—335,337;III(拉美西斯三世),341—345
Regalia(王权的标志).参见“Insignia(徽章)”
Reincarnation of ancestors(祖先的化身),78
Rejuvenation of Pharaoh(法老恢复活力),151—152
Religion(宗教): as basis of power(作为权力基础的宗教),68,101,109;as support for imperialism(作为帝国主义支持者的宗教),180—181,211,261,296,300;connection with trade(与贸易有关系的宗教),108,184;totemic(图腾宗教),17,45,49,77,98;social origins of(宗教的社会起源),49,52,66
Representative government in primitive societies(原始社会的代议政府),73
Republics in Syria(叙利亚共和政体),282
Respect(尊敬),principle of(尊敬原则),95
Revolution(革命),religious(宗教革命),216,297
Rivers cited(提到的河流),31,79
Rome(罗马),survivals of uterine kinship at(母系血缘关系在罗马的幸存),35
Sahara(撒哈拉沙漠),115,118
Sanctions,for breath of taboo(呼吸禁忌的制裁),16,71
Sardes(萨底斯),242
Sargon of Agade(阿卡德的萨尔贡),193,206f.,210
Saru(萨鲁)(Council of Elders in Egypt)(埃及的长老议事会),124,130
Sayce,A.H.(塞斯),237
Schurtz(舒尔茨),22
Schweinfurth(施威恩福特),161,164
Scorpion,King(蝎子王),136,148
Script(文字):Egyptian(埃及文字),158;Elamite(埃兰文字),199;cuneiform(楔形文字),201;Aramaic(亚拉姆文字),351.也可参见“Alphabet(字母)”
Secret societies,primitive(原始社会的秘密团体),46,92,102
Sed festival(塞德节),151ff.
Segmentation of clan(氏族的分隔),55
Semites(闪族人),176,190ff.,201,234,239,250,264;unity of(闪族人的统一),193—195;cradle of(闪族的发源地),196;nomadic(游牧的闪族),196—198
Semitic influence in Egypt(闪族对埃及的影响),158,161,182
Senusert(森奴塞尔特),King(国王森奴塞尔特),249,256
Sergi(塞尔基),125,166
Seth(塞特),186,247,253,279
Seti I(塞特一世),308—310,326,336
Sexes(性别),separation of(性别分离),21
Shakalasha(沙卡拉沙),311,338
Shardana(沙达那),290,311,337,347
Shechem(瑟凯姆),245,
Shemsu-Hor(闪姆苏-霍尔).参见“Horus,Followers of(荷鲁斯的追随者)”
Shinar(希纳尔).参见“Mesopotamia(美索不达米亚)”
Ships(船只),参见“Byblos(拜布罗斯),Navigation(航海)”
Shubbiluliuma(舒比鲁里乌玛),292,303,307,311
Sidon(西顿),209,282
Sieges(围攻),183,259,274,324
Simeon(西蒙),tribe of(西蒙部落),259
Sinaï,mines of(西奈的矿山),174ff.,207,227
Sinope(辛诺普),242
Sinuhet,tale of(辛努亥的故事),228—233
Smerkhet(斯麦克赫特),175,191
Snefru(斯尼弗鲁),178,181
Socialism in Egypt(埃及的社会主义).也可参见“Monopolies(垄断),State(国家垄断)”
Solar(太阳):cult(太阳崇拜),182;disc(太阳光盘),135,297;name(太阳的名字),6,333;origin of Pharaoh(法老的起源),296
Solomon(所罗门),King(国王所罗门),352
Sothic cycle(天狼星周期),134
Spencer and Gillen(斯宾塞和吉伦),14,18,28,31,65,68,78
Spencer,Herbert(休伯特·斯宾塞),17,53,111
Spirits(精灵),79,93,100
Strategy(策略),part played by in ancient warfare(策略在古代战争中所起的作用),322
Strehlow(斯特莱罗),28,78
Sumerians(苏美尔人),156,195;race and language(苏美尔人的种族和语言),200;history(苏美尔人的历史),201—205;212,216,239
Sun(太阳).可参见“Solar(太阳)”
Sunrise caused by Pharaoh(法老导致的日升),147
Susa(苏撒),199,215
Swanton(斯文吞),33,87,95,98
Syria(叙利亚).见“Naharina(纳哈林那),Phoenicia(腓尼基),Zahi(扎伊)”
Taanach(塔那克),270,281,252
Taboo(禁忌):nature of(禁忌的本质),17,72;in Egypt(埃及的禁忌),149
Tactics(战术).见“Battles(战斗)”
Tales(故事): popular(通俗故事),228,249,256,285;mariners’(水手的故事),228
Tanis(塔尼斯),251,253
Tarquin(塔克文),36
Tello(特罗),155,215
Territorial groups(地域群体),formation of(地域群体的形成),26,56,58,86,89,93;in Egypt(埃及的地域群体),130f.
Theban monarchy(底比斯君主国),170,221—234,246,252,256
Thinite monarchy(提斯君主国),137—142,154,163,173—177,210
Thomson(汤普森),200
Thothmes I(图特摩斯一世),249,260—261,266,276;III(图特摩斯三世),261,269—279;
IV(图特摩斯四世),280,290
Tiglath-Pileser I(提格拉特帕拉沙尔一世),348;III(提格拉特帕拉沙尔三世),352
Timber(木材),search for(对木材的搜求),163,206,215,233,338
Tlinkit(Indian tribe)(特林吉德)(印第安部落),33,83,87,92,95
Toleration(宽容),religious,in Egypt(埃及的宗教宽容),296
Totemism(图腾制度):nature of(图腾制度的本质),28ff.,44,75;decay of(图腾制度的衰退),97,86,101;as religion(作为宗教的图腾制度),80;survivals in Egypt(图腾制度在埃及的幸存),4,6,143—144,353
Trade(贸易),at first connected with religion(贸易最初与宗教的关系),92,108—109;beginnings of(贸易的开始),137;as factor in diffusion of ideas(作为思想传播过程中的一种因素的贸易),183.也可见“Economic(经济),Exports(出口),Imports(进口),Maritime(海运),Monopolies(垄断、专营)”
Trade routes(商路),command of(商路的掌握),171,225,240,242,262
Treaties(条约): Hittites and Egypt(赫梯与埃及的条约),292;text(条约文献),326—8;Hittite(赫梯条约),312;commercial,Egypt,and Babylon(埃及与巴比伦的商业条约),288
Tribute paid to Egypt(付给埃及的贡赋),181,268,283
Troad,peoples from in Syria(来自叙利亚的特劳德民族),311
Troglodytes(特罗哥罗迪特人),169,176,184,195,223,225,227
Tukulti-Inurta(图库尔提-伊努尔塔),335
Turin(都灵),Papyrus(都灵纸草),126,131,247
Turkestan(土耳其斯坦),200,235
Tutankhamen(图坦哈蒙),302,307
Tyre(推罗),209,282—283,310,346
Unification(统一),of Egypt(埃及的统一),131,137,147;of Babylonia(巴比伦的统一),216
Unity(统一),gods as principles of(作为统一原理的神),205,300
Ur(乌尔),201,203,215,219,240
Uterine(母系):clan(母系氏族),39,37ff.,70;in Egypt(埃及的母系氏族),123;at Rome(罗马的母系氏族),35;uncle(母舅),32,34,38,40,42
Van(范),195,243
Varuna(伐楼拿),241
Vicinity(邻近),effect of(邻近的作用),51
Village(村庄): relation to clan(村庄与氏族的关系),59,62,64,94,130,197,356;chief(村长),94
War(战争): effect on social organization(战争对社会组织的影响),112;in predynastic Egypt(前王朝埃及的战争),130;defensive or offensive(防御或进攻),146,169—170,172,176,177ff.,183,207,213,223,246,259,264
Warramunga(Australian tribe)(瓦拉曼加)(澳洲部落),69,91
Weapons(武器).也可参见“Armament(武器)”
Webster(韦伯斯特),102
Weill(韦尔),249
Wheat(小麦).参见“Grains(谷物)”
Wife(妻子),position of(妻子的地位),70
Words(话语),magic force of(话语的魔法力量),181
Writing(文字),125,135,158.也可参见“Alphabet(字母),Cuneiform(楔形文字),Picturewriting(图画文字),Script(手稿)”
Yemen(也门),156,163—164,187,193,223
Zahi(扎伊),264,275—276,291,302,333,342
Zalu(扎鲁),269,276,309,314
Zariku(扎里库),215
Zekal(扎卡),341,346,351
Zoser(左塞),150,178,181