5.there be句型的主语通常是非特指的名词

there be存在句的真正主语是跟在后面的名词词组，这种名词词组一般指不确定的事物。主语常常是something，nothing，anybody，nobody等或者前面通常附加表示泛指意义的限定词，如some，any，no，many，several，much，more，(a)few，(a)little，less，another，a lot of，plenty of，a large number of，enough以及基数词等，而且名词中心词可以带前置修饰语和后置修饰语。此时不能与表示特指意义的定冠词、物主限定词、指示限定词一起使用。

提示：

带有特指限定词的名词词组不能用于there be句型。

There are the students on the playground。

学生们在操场上。不表示:操场上有学生。

There are our books on the desk．

我们的书在桌子上。不表示:桌子上有我的书。

同样地，不可用“all/every+名词”作主语。我们不可以说:

There are all the cows in the field．

There was everyone in the waiting room．

只有在回答时才可用everything等。

—What is there to be afraid of?—There is everything to be afraid of．

——有什么值得担心的?——什么都得担心。

There is something for everyone here and few visitors leave Rio feeling disappointed．(人教大纲版高二下第36页)

在这里每个人都会有好玩的，几乎没有游人会扫兴地离开里约。

She gets the job because there is nobody else in the village who can take it．

她承担了这份工作，因为村子里没有其他人能做。

And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend．(人教大纲版高一下第60页)

如果我们情绪低落或者感到孤独，那么没有什么比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。

There was a meeting last night．

昨晚有个会。

There is a peach tree in my garden．

我的院子里有一颗桃树。

提示：

有时there be存在句的主语也可带有定冠词、物主限定词、指示限定词，主语也可以是专有名词或人称代词。这时主语一般都传递了新的、特定的信息。

①用于举出特定事例、给出特定理由或指特定类型。

There is for example the famous Blarney Castle．(人教大纲版第114页)

比如就有著名的布莱尼城堡。

First there was the struggle of black people in America who fought for their rights．(人教大纲版高二下第39页)(课文上文讲200年来的争取人权的斗争，这里用来举例，下文再谈女权运动)

首先是美国黑人为争取自身权利的斗争。

There are a few things that disturb me．First of all，there is the unbelievable amount and variety of luggage that passengers bring on as cabin luggage．

有一些事情使我感到不愉快。首先是乘客带的随身行李之多之杂令人难以置信。

I'd like to go with you，but there is all this work to do!And there's my mother-in-law who's got to be taken to the airport．

我倒想跟你一起去，可是有这些工作等着我去做，还要把我的岳母送到机场。

Mr．Xu said there was no longer the variety of play in China as in his days．许先生说中国已不再有他那个时代的那种(乒乓球)打法了。

②在答语中提供特定的、确切的新信息。

—Have you any loose cash in the house?—Well，there is the money in the box over there．

——家里有零钱吗?——噢，那箱子里有。

—Have we forgotten anyone?—Yes，there is the man with a stick，where is he?

——我们是不是忘了谁了?——是啊，还有拿拐杖的那一位，他在哪?—Is there anyone coming to dinner?—Yes，there is Harry and there's also Mrs．Jones．

——有人要来吃饭吗?——是的，有哈利，还有琼斯夫人。