5.表示结果的非状语从句表达方法

表示结果除了用结果状语从句外，还有其他的一些表达方法。

(1)由非谓语动词表示。

①用不定式短语表示。(参见动词不定式)

用不定式短语表示结果，常见于enough to，too．．to，so．．as to，only to．．such．．as to等形式。

A．用enough to表示。

You are not old enough to sign a contract．

你年龄不够，不能签合同。

The soil is rich enough for cotton to be grown on it．这土地十分肥沃，可以种植棉花。

提示：

The soil is rich enough for cotton to be grown on it．=The soil is so rich that cotton can be grown on it．

I haven't enough money on me to go out to eat．

我身边没有足够的钱外出就餐。

She painted well enough to be a professional．

她善于绘画，够得上一名职业画家。

提示：

当enough和少数几个名词如man，fool，scholar，gentleman等搭配时，需后置。

He was fool enough to believe that．他真笨，竟相信那种事。

B．用too．．to表示。

I have too few eggs to make a big cake．

我鸡蛋太少，做不了大蛋糕。

提示：

I have too few eggs to make a big cake．=I have so few eggs that I can't make a big cake．

This water is too hot for me to put my hand in．

这水太烫，我不能把手伸进去。

He liked her too much to cause her any trouble．

他太喜欢她了，不会给她制造麻烦。

C．用“so+形容词+as to”表示。

John was so fortunate as to escape．

约翰真幸运，竟给他逃脱了。

If you are so stupid as to lend John your car，you must expect it to be damaged．

如果你竟傻到如此地步把车子借给约翰，那只能指望他把车子搞坏了完事。

D．用(only)to表示。

She got to the station only to be told the train had left．

她到了火车站，不料人家告诉她火车已经开了。

He arrived late(only)to find the others had gone．

他来迟了，发现别人都走了。

E．用such(．．)as to表示。

He is such a fool as to think his idle chatter can influence others．

他是个笨蛋，竟然以为他那无稽之谈可以左右别人。

My English teacher's hum our was such as to make every student burst into laughter．

我们英语老师很幽默，可以使得每个学生笑起来。

②用现在分词短语表示。

He locked the door，thus making sure that no one would interrupt him．

他把门锁上，这就确保没有人打扰他。

Cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time，making it difficult for the body to function properly．(人教大纲版高二上第55页)

细胞分裂要么太快，要么在不恰当的时间分裂，使身体机能难以正常运转。

(2)用形容词(短语)表示。

Helped by two slaves he stood up，and immediately fell down dead．(人教大纲版高二上第76页)

他在两个奴隶的搀扶下站起来，随即倒地死去了。

He was badly ill，unable to go to school．

他病得厉害，因此不能上学。

They came back，sound and safe．

他们安全回家了。

(3)用定语从句表示。

Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny curls that made her look like a little schoolgirl．(人教大纲版高三第85页)

不到四十分钟，她的头上就覆盖满了小卷发，以至于她看起来活像一个上学的小姑娘。

(4)用“with/without+复合宾语”结构表示。

Mary left，with him feeling sad．

玛丽走了，因而他很伤心。

He slipped out of the room，without anyone noticing．

他从屋里溜了出来，没有任何人发现。

(5)用无动词短语(独立主格结构)表示。

He stood in the rain，his clothes wet．

他站在雨中，衣服被淋湿了。

(6)直接通过词汇手段表示。

Shylock does not accuse me of anything．My fate is a consequence of bad fortune．(人教大纲版高二下第68页)

夏洛克没有起诉我，是我自己一直运气不好(我的命运是我运气不好的结果)。

The result was that she suffered from bronchitis．

结果是她患了支气管炎。

The game resulted in a win for our side．

比赛结果我们得胜。

He argues that higher wages inevitably lead to/give rise to/bring about higher prices．

他认为高工资必然导致物价上涨。