8.表示原因的非状语从句表达方法

表示原因除了用原因状语从句外，还有其他的一些表达方法。

(1)由非谓语动词表示。

①用不定式短语表示。

They were annoyed to see the shower hadn't been installed．

看到淋浴设备尚未装好，他们很生气。

Mary was dismayed to hear the rain still pattering onto the bedroom floor．

玛丽听到雨点还是滴滴答答地打在寝室地板上，感到很沮丧。

I'm very sorry to have done a man wrong．

我冤枉过人，心里感到很难过。

②用现在分词短语表示。

Being ill，he could not attend his friend's funeral．

他因病不能参加朋友的葬礼。

Planning to buy a car，Mr．Walter opened a savings account．

沃尔特先生计划买一辆汽车，开了一个储蓄存款户头。

提示：

自身带有主语的现在分词短语(独立主格结构的一种表现形式)也可以表示原因。

It being now pretty late，we took our candles and went upstairs．

时间很晚了，我们拿了蜡烛上楼去。

The rain having started，we abandoned our tents．

下雨了，我们不再用帐篷。

③用过去分词短语表示。

Written in simple English，the book is suitable for beginners．

这本书是用浅显易懂的英语写的，适合初学者阅读。

Thrilled by the news，Carl stood still．

卡尔听了这消息瑟瑟发抖，一动不动地站着。

提示：

自身带有主语的过去分词短语(独立主格结构的一种表现形式)也可以表示原因。

Her skirt caught on a nail，she could not move．

她的裙子钩在钉子上了，她动弹不得。

His voice drowned out by the noise，the professor interrupted his lecture．

教授中断了讲课，因为喧噪声淹没了他的话音。

(2)用形容词(短语)表示。

Conscious she had passed the test，she ordered a gin and tonic．

意识到考试已经通过，她要了一份金汤尼(鸡尾酒的一种)。

Anxious for a quick decision，the chairman called for a vote．

会议主席急于快速作出决定，要求投票表决。

Strong，proud and united，the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia．(人教大纲版高一上第46页)

圣彼得堡人民坚强、自豪、团结，他们是俄国当代的英雄。

(3)由无动词短语(独立主格结构)表示。

Mr．Smith the host，I'm sure we can have a good time．

史密斯先生做东，我相信我们会过得很愉快。

The trouble over，the old lady felt happy．

麻烦都过去了，老妇人觉得很高兴。

He never at a loss for word，the problem was solved satisfactorily．

由于一向善于辞令，他圆满地解决了这个问题。

(4)用介词短语表示。

①用“with/without+复合宾语”表示。

With so many people away ill，we'll have to call off the meeting．

这么多的人生了病，不能出席，我们不得不取消这次会议。

We can't solve the problem without the teacher helping us．

没有老师的帮助，我们无法解决这个问题。

With the trees grown tall，we will get more shade．

树长高了，树荫也就大了。

I can't go out with all these dishes to wash．

有这么多碗要洗，我不能出去。

Without anything to worry about，we lived happily．

他们无忧无虑，生活得很幸福。

②由from，of，through，for，by，with，at，out of等表示。

The soldier died from a severe wound．

那个士兵因伤重而死。

The rich man died of poison．

那个富人中毒而死。

He refused help through pride．

他因自尊而拒绝接受帮助。

The old man was bent with age．

这位老人因年老而佝偻。

He was terrified at the sight．

他因看到这个很害怕。

Be good to me，for it went out of love for you．(人教大纲版高三第88页)

你要对我好啊。卖掉头发是因为爱你。

③用介词短语because of，on account of，as a result of，thanks to，owing to，due to，in view of，by virtue of，in consequence of等表示。

Because of such a climate，much of daily life happens outdoors．(人教大纲版高三第26页)

正因为这样的气候条件，许多日常活动都是在户外进行的。

As a result of the dam，the water level of the lake was going to rise by 63 meters．(人教大纲版高一上第14页)

由于这个大坝的缘故，湖面会上涨63米。

Thanks to the project and the kindness of his family and neighbors，he was able to receive treatment in time to prevent the disease from ruining his health．(人教大纲版高三第75页)

多亏这个医疗项目，还有家人和邻居的关爱，他得以及时治疗，使自己的健康免遭病魔的摧残。

Owing to the storm our flight was delayed．

由于暴风雨，我们的飞行推迟了。

He's always in trouble due to his habitual tardiness．

他向来迟缓，老是被罚。

In consequence of bad health he was unable to attend school regularly．

他由于健康不佳不能经常去上学。

(5)用非状语从句表示。

①用定语从句表示。(参见定语从句)

A cat，whose eyes can take in more rays of light than our eyes，can see things clearly in the night．

因为猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫在夜里看东西很清楚。

②用在宾语从句中。

The manager is sorry(that)his secretary is retiring．

秘书要退休了，经理为之遗憾。

We are upset that our holiday plan had to be changed at the last minute．

我们心烦意乱，因为在最后的时刻不得不改变度假计划。

He was ashamed(that)he could not give an answer．

他因回答不出问题而感到惭愧。

③用在表语从句中。

The reason why he behaved that way was that he wanted to save money．

=That he behaved that way was because he wanted to save money．

他之所以有此举动是要省钱。

(6)直接通过词汇手段表示。

The reason for the flood was all that heavy rain．

洪水的原因在于那场大暴雨。

A cigarette was the cause of the fire．

一支香烟引起了这场大火。