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高中英语语法新体验——从经典例句开始
1.18.4.1 1.在限制性定语从句中作主语的关系代词的选用

1.在限制性定语从句中作主语的关系代词的选用

一般规则是用who或that指人,用which或that指物。但在实际使用中,大多数是用who指人,较少用that;大多数是用that指物,较少用which。在口语中尤其如此。

He's the man who lives next door to us.

他是住在我们隔壁的那个人。

Are you the lady who asked for soap?

你就是那个要肥皂的女士?

A few years later she won a college scholarship that allowed her to go to university.(人教大纲版高一下第34页)

几年后她便得到了大学奖学金,使她得以上大学深造。

He drives a car that can travel 150 miles an hour.

他开的是一辆时速150英里的车。

提示:

如果在定语从句中有诸如I think,I believe,I know,I suppose,I hope,I guess这样的插入成分时,表示人的关系代词作主语时用who,作宾语时,用who和whom均可。

He is the man who I believe stole the book.(who作stole的主语,I believe是插入语。)

他是我认为偷了书的人。

This is the man who/whom I guess she loves.(who作loves的宾语,I guess是插入语。)

这个就是我猜想她爱的那个男人。

但是在句子The boy whom/who I believed to be honest fooled me中,I believed并不是插入语,who/whom作believed的宾语,to be honest是宾语补足语。因此:

He is the man who I believe stole the book.

=He is the man who/whom I believe to have stolen the book.

他就是我认为偷了书的人。