2.引述词为过去时形式时

如果引述词为过去时形式，在直接引语变为间接引语时，其动词的变化规则如下表:

(1)一般现在时→一般过去时。

He said，“I like it very much．”

他说:“我很喜欢它。”

→He said that he liked it very much．

他说他很喜欢它。

提示：

注意在以下几种情况下，在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理时，时态不变。

“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth，”the teacher told me．

→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth．

②直接引语为过去进行时时，时态不变。

Jack said，“John，where were you going when Imet you in the street?”

→Jack asked John where he was going when he met himin the street．

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 2l，1980．”

→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20，1980．

④直接引语如果是一般现在时，表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

He said，“I get up at six every morning．”

→He said he gets up at six every morning．

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(ought to，had better，used to等)或已经是过去时的形式(could，should，would，might等)时，时态不变。

Peter said．“You had better come here today．”

→Peter said I had better go there that day．

⑥如果直接引语中的动词是虚拟语气，变为间接引语时仍然用原来的形式。

“I insist that you should stop，”said the teacher．

→The teacher insisted that they should stop．

“How I wish it were not so cold here in winter，”remarked the tourist．

“要是这儿的冬天没有这么冷就好了，”游客说。

→The tourist remarked how he wished that it were not so cold there in winter．

游客说那儿的冬天要是没有那么冷就好了。

(2)现在进行时→过去进行时。

She said，“I am listening to the weather forecast．”

她说:“我正在听天气预报。”

→She said that she was listening to the weather forecast．

她说她正在听天气预报。

(3)现在完成时→过去完成时。

He said，“I have finished my book．”

他说:“我的书写完了。”

→He said that he had finished his book．

他说他的书写完了。

(4)一般将来时→过去将来时。

Mary said，“I'll do it after class．”

玛丽说:“这件事我下课后做。”

→Mary said that she would do it after class．

玛丽说那件事她下课以后做。

(5)一般过去时→过去完成时。

Jack said，“I watched a wonderful match last night．”

杰克说:“昨晚我看了一场精彩的比赛。”

→Jack said that he had seen a wonderful match the night before．

杰克说他前一天晚上看了一场精彩的比赛。

(6)过去完成时→过去完成时。

John said，“I had written the article by six o'clock．”

约翰说:“六点钟前我就写好了那篇文章。”

→John said that he had written the article by six o'clock．

约翰说他在六点钟前就已写好了那篇文章。

(7)将来进行时→过去将来进行时。

He said，“I will be conducting the experiment at three o'clock in the afternoon．”

他说:“我将在下午三点做实验。”

→He said that he would be conducting the experiment at three o'clock in the afternoon．

他说他将在下午三点做实验。

(8)将来完成时→过去将来完成时。

She said，“I shall have finished my home work by supper．”

她说:“我会在晚餐之前做完作业。”

→She said that she would have finished her home work by supper．

她说她会在晚餐之前做完作业。