2.引述词的变与不变

在直接引语变为间接引语时，原来的引述词有时可以保留不变，有时可变可不变，有时又必须改变。

(1)引述词保留不变。

After dinner my uncle said，“I want to sleep．”

晚饭后我叔叔说:“我想睡觉。”

→After dinner my uncle said he wanted to sleep．

晚饭后我叔叔说他想睡觉。

“Did you hear that?”he whispered．(人教大纲版高一上第83页)

“听到了吗?”他小声问。

→He whispered if he had heard that．

他小声问他有没有听到。

“All to bed，”she ordered．

“都睡觉去，”她命令道。

→She ordered the mall to bed．

她命令他们都去睡觉。

(2)引述词可变可不变。

“Have you finished the essay?”he asked me．

他问我:“你的论文写完了吗?”

→He asked/wondered whether I had finished the essay．

他问我论文写完了没有。

Mother said to me，“Don't go．”

妈妈对我说:“不要去。”

→Mother said that I mustn't go．

妈妈说我不能去。

→Mother told me not to go．

妈妈让我别去。

(3)引述词必须改变。

The boss shouted，“Stop that thief!All of you．”

老板大叫道:“大家抓贼啊!”

→The boss ordered all of them to stop the thief．

老板命令大家抓贼。

“Why not go shopping today?”he said．

他说:“今天怎么不去购物呢?”

→He suggested going shopping that day．

那天他建议去购物。

“What's up?”he cried．

“发生了什么事?”他大叫道。

→He asked in surprise what was happening．

他吃惊地问发生了什么事。