9.约定俗成的悬垂分词

前面我们学过，分词的悬垂现象必须避免。有些常见的固定形式的分词短语的主语并非句子里的主语，但由于沿用已久，早已成为常见的惯用语。这类分词短语常用来修饰整个句子，表示说话人对说话内容所持的态度或做出的评论。这样的短语有:

generally(broadly)/strictly/frankly(honestly)speaking一般/严格/老实说来

talking of(speaking of)说起

judging from从……判断

taking all things into consideration全面看来

considering．．考虑到……

supposing．．假如……

allowing for．．把……考虑进去

Judging from his face，he must be ill．(Judging并不是he的动作)

从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。

Generally speaking，dogs can run faster than pigs．(speaking并不是dogs的动作)一般说来，狗比猪跑得快。

Broadly speaking，dogs are more faithful to man than cats．

一般说来，狗比猫对人类更忠实。

Talking of airplanes，how many do we have in our country?

说起飞机，我们国家有多少?

Considering her dislike of Martin，it was surprising that she invited him．

考虑到她不喜欢马丁，所以她邀请他是很令人惊讶的。

Allowing for the train being late，we should be back by 10:30．

考虑到火车可能晚点，我们应该在十点半之前回来。

提示：

有些分词因为其语义和用法与介词或连接词极为相似，很多词典实际上已把它们列为介词和连接词了。常见的有considering，excepting，given，including，provided，providing，regarding，seeing，supposing等。Given(=Considering)that there was so little time，I think they've done a good job．

考虑到时间这么短，我认为他们的工作做得很好。

There were twelve of us，including me and Tom．

我们有12个人，包括汤姆和我。

I don't mind him coming，provided/providing(=so long as)he pays for his own meals．

他来我是不会介意的，只要他自己付自己的饭钱。

We would have a joint party，seeing that(=since)your birthday is the same as mine．

既然你的生日和我的同时，我们不妨开一个联合派对。

Supposing(=If)you fell in love with your boss，what would you do?

假如你爱上了你的老板，你会怎么办?