3.作原因状语

分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Not receiving any letter from him，I gave him a call．

由于没有收到他的信，我给他打了个电话。

提示：

此句相当于As I didn't receive any letter from him，I gave him a call．

They had come from England，having heard the strange news that Dr Manette，Lucie's father，was alive and was living in Paris．

他们听到一个离奇的消息，说露西的父亲曼奈特医生还活着，而且住在巴黎，就从英国赶来了。

Not knowing what to do，he asked me for advice．

由于不知道该怎么做，他要求我给他提些建议。

提示：

此句相当于As he did not know what to do，he asked me for advice．

I struggled to my knees knowing that somehow I had to putmy tent up for shelter．(人教大纲版高一下第31页)

我心中明白，必须把帐篷支起来避风，于是我挣扎着站了起来。

Not taught how to drive，I did not manage it．

因为没有学过开车，所以我没有做成那件事。

提示：

此句相当于As I hadn't been taught to drive，I did not manage it．

Being built，the school was in a mass．

由于正在修建，这个学校一团糟。(到处堆着杂物)

Many of us，being so excited，couldn't go to sleep that night．

因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。

Deeply moved by the story，the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other．激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。

Seriously injured，he had to be taken to hospital．

由于他伤得很严重，只好把他送往医院。