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高中英语语法新体验——从经典例句开始
1.10.4.3 3.不定式的复合结构

3.不定式的复合结构

不定式的复合结构即“for+名词(或代词宾格)+to do”,其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,此结构在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等。

(1)作主语。

It takes time for a new technology to enter everyday life.(人教大纲版高二下第85页)

一项新技术进入寻常生活是要花些时日的。

It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.(人教大纲版高三第98页)

每个人都去从事同一事业,这是毫无用处的。

It is unusual for there to be so many people here.

这里怎么这么多人,有点与往常不一样。

提示:

当作表语用的形容词表示不定式逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用of而不用for。这些形容词有good,nice,kind,wise,clever,silly,foolish,stupid,right,wrong,polite,impolite,careless,careful,brave,selfish,considerate(体贴的),thoughtful,rude,crazy等。

It is kind of you to do so.

你这样做真是太友好了。

It is careless of him to have left his book on the bus.

他把书落在车上了,真是粗心。

It was foolish of you to spend so much.

花这么多钱,你真傻。

It was wrong of him to tell lies.

他说谎话是错误的。

请对比:

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(2)作宾语。

动词不定式的复合结构作宾语时,总是由it先行。

The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(人教大纲版高二上第44页)

互联网还方便了公司与国外的客户和公司进行联系。

(3)作表语。

It is for you to decide.

这个由你定。

Whether I'm a good man is,of course,for God to judge.(Bill Clinton:My Life)

当然,我是不是个好人,得由上帝来判断。

(4)作定语。

The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and the late 1930s.(人教大纲版高二上第28页)

欧洲文学大量进入中国的兴盛时期是1910年至20世纪30年代末。

Reading aloud,using a tape recorder,hearing anecdotes and talking things through are the best methods for these learners to acquire new information.(人教大纲版高三第107页)

高声朗读,使用录音机,听故事然后再讨论,都是这些学习者获取新信息的最好方法。

(5)作状语。

We listened for him to tell the story.

我们听他给我们讲故事。

You can just touch the bell for it to ring.

要让钟响,你碰一碰就够了。

I am anxious for the meeting to begin.

我急切地等待着会议开始。

In order for water to change into steam,it must receive enough heat.

为了让水变成蒸汽,它必须获得足够的热量。