8.定式作独立成分

有一些动词不定式构成的固定短语在句子中用作独立成分。这种结构可用来表示说话人对说话内容的态度，即对句子内容的评论。这些短语有to tell(you)the truth(说真的)，to begin with(首先)，to start with(首先、在开始时)，to be frank(老实说)，to put it mildly(委婉地说)，to conclude(最后)，to be precise(准确地说)，to be truthful(诚实地说)，to put it briefly(简而言之)，to say nothing of(更不用说)，to be exact(精确地说)，so to speak(可以这样说)，to put it in another way(换句话说)，to make a long story short(长话短说)，to say the least of it(至少可以这样说)，needless to say(不用说)，strange to say(说来奇怪)，to be sure(可以肯定地说)，to be specific(具体说来)，to speak frankly(坦白地说)，to make matters worse(更糟糕的是)，等等。

To tell you the truth，we don't have a very good opinion of him．

说真的，我们对他没有什么好看法。

To begin with，it is important to create a positive attitude．(人教大纲版高三第103页)

首先，要有一个积极的态度，这点很重要。

To put it briefly，I think China's government should take some effective measures to encourage consumption to promote the further development of the economy．

简而言之，我认为中国政府应该采取一些有效的措施鼓励人们消费以推动经济的进一步发展。

She wrote，to be exact，ten novels in her lifetime．

精确地说，她一生写了十部小说。

He has great wisdom，to say nothing of his engaging manners．

他智慧过人，更不用说他的翩翩风度了。

To make matters worse，he also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies．(人教大纲版高三第75页)

更糟糕的是，他还有一个上大学的儿子，是从银行贷款上的学。