4.过去完成进行时的基本用法

过去完成进行时的结构是“had been+动词的现在分词”。这种用法比较接近过去完成时的“未完成”的用法，表示一个动作或状态在过去某个时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且到那时有可能还未结束，仍有继续下去的可能性;也类似于现在完成进行时，只是把时间推到了过去。

I had been feeling sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined．(人教大纲版高二上第54页)

在那以前很长一段时间我一直感到恶心，妈妈就带我去医院检查。

On a bench by the sink，he found some old glass containers in which he had been growing bacteria．(人教大纲版高三第80页)

他看到在洗涤槽旁边的一个凳子上有几个他曾经用来培养细菌的旧的玻璃容器。

过去完成进行时所表示的动作与过去时间的关系可以用时间状语表示出来，也可以通过上下文表示出来。

By the end of last year she had been living here for 5 years．

截止到去年年末，她已经在这里生活了5年了。

He realized mat the environment was damaged because farmers had been cutting down too many trees．

他意识到环境遭到了破坏，因为农民们砍伐了太多的森林。

She had only$1.87 with which to buy Jim a present．She had been saving every penny she could for months．(人教大纲版高三第84页)

她只有一元八角七分(美元)来给吉姆买礼物。几个月来，她一直在省每一分可能节省的钱。