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高中英语语法新体验——从经典例句开始
1.4.5.2 2.用定冠词

2.用定冠词

(1)用在复数形式的专有名词之前。

①表示某家人或夫妇。

The Smiths have moved abroad.

史密斯夫妇到国外定居了。

The Wilsons often dine with us.

威尔逊一家人常和我们一起吃饭。

②表示整个民族。

The Chinese are a diligent and hard-working people.

中国人民是勤勉和勤劳的民族。

The Swiss are said to be the world's best watch makers.

据说瑞士人是世界上最好的钟表制作者。

③指某些地名。

the Hague海牙

the Congo刚果

the Americas北美,中美,南美洲

the Midlands美国中部诸州

the Netherlands荷兰

the West Indies西印度群岛

(2)用在某些地理名词之前。

①江河,海洋,运河。

The Yangtse(River),the Pearl River,the Nile尼罗河,Euphrates幼发拉底河,the Mississippi River密西西比河,the Thames泰晤士河,the Danube多瑙河,the Rhine莱茵河,etc.

the South China Sea,the Pacific(Ocean),the Atlantic(Ocean),theMediterranean(Sea)地中海,etc.

the Grand Canal大运河,the Suez Canal苏伊士运河,the Panama Canal巴拿马运河,etc.

②湖泊。

中国的湖泊名一般要加定冠词。

the West Lake,the Dong ting Lake,etc.

外国的湖泊名有的加定冠词,有的不加。

the Lake of Geneva日内瓦湖,Lake Michigan密歇根湖,Oneida Lake奥奈达湖,etc.

③山脉、群岛。

the Jinggang Mountains,the Changbei Mountains,the Tian Shan,the Western Hills,the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉,the Alps阿尔卑斯山脉,the Altai阿尔泰山,the Rockies落基山脉,etc.

the Penghu Islands澎湖列岛,the Philippines菲律宾群岛,the British Isles不列颠群岛,etc.

但个别山峰、海岛一般不用冠词。

Mount Tai泰山,Olympus奥林匹斯山,Versuvius维苏威火山,etc.

Taiwan Island,Hainan Island,etc.

④海岛、海峡、半岛、沙漠。

the Persian Gulf波斯湾,the Bay of Bengal孟加拉湾,the English Channel英吉列海峡,etc.

the Leizhou Peninsula雷州半岛,the Crimea克里米亚半岛,the Sahara撒哈拉沙漠,etc.

(3)由普通名词或形容词等构成的专有名词前一般加定冠词。

①某些国名。

the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国

the Democratic People's Republic of Korea朝鲜民主主义人民共和国

the United Kingdom联合王国

the United States of America美利坚合众国

②某些组织机构。

the Communist Party of China中国共产党

the National People's Congress全国人民代表大会

the Communist Youth League共青团组织

the State Council国务院

the Ministry of National Defence国防部

the United Nations联合国

the U.N.Security Council联合国安理会

the State Department(美国)国务院

the House of Commons(Lords)英国下(上)议院

the Chinese Academy of Sciences中国科学院

the Senate美国参议院

the House of Representatives美国众议院

提示:

但Parliament(英国议会),Government(在英国现在指上议院和下议院的总称)用零冠词,Congress(美国国会)前通常用零冠词。

③旅馆、商店、学校、医院、文娱场所等。

When is the Palace Museum open?

故宫博物院什么时候开放?

The distinguished guests were warmly welcomed at the Beijing Station.

贵宾在北京站受到了热烈欢迎。

Another famous building that makes people think of seashells is the Opera House in Sydney.(人教大纲版高二上第20页)

另一个使人联想到海贝壳的著名建筑物是悉尼歌剧院。

He is a student of the University of Pennsylvania.

他是宾夕法尼亚大学的学生。

④文学艺术作品。

I've read many times The True Story of Ah Qby Lu Xun.

鲁迅的《阿Q正传》我读了好多遍了。

Have you read Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice?

你读过沙翁的《威尼斯商人》吗?

The concert was climaxed by The Yellow River Cantata,Xian Xinhai's best known work.

音乐会在演奏冼星海最著名的作品《黄河大合唱》时进入了高潮。

⑤历史时期和朝代名称。

In terms of technical development,people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.(人教大纲版高二下第76页)

就技术发展而言,人们当时正从石器时代过渡到青铜器时代。

In the eleventh century,the Africans made several voyages to the court of the Song Dynasty.(人教大纲版高三第12页)

在11世纪时,非洲人多次通过海路来到宋朝朝廷。

(4)用在报纸、会议、条约等名称之前。

The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was a congress of great historic significance.

党的第17届全国代表大会是一个具有重大历史意义的会议。

The Earth Summit is not just about problems.In fact,it is a place to find solutions for the future.(人教大纲版高二上第68页)

地球峰会不仅仅是讨论问题。事实上,这是一个为未来寻求解决问题的方法的场合。

(5)常用在船舶、火车、飞机的名称前。

The Nanshan was on her Way from the south to Fuzhou,with Chinese workers on board,returning to their home villages in the province of Fujian.(人教大纲版高二上第79页)

“南山”号从南方向福州行驶,船上是回福建家乡的中国工人。

This locomotive was named the Hexie Locomotive.

这个火车头被命名为“和谐号”。

(6)专有名词带有限制性定语时,一般要用定冠词。

She'll be the Madam Curie of China someday.

有一天她会成为中国的居里夫人。

Stephens Chow is the Chaplin of China.

周星驰是中国的卓别林。

There were signs that the new Atlanta would be different.(人教大纲版高二下第44页)

有迹象表明新的亚特兰大将会是全然不同的。

提示:

下面两句中的专有名词具有普通名词的意义,故用不定冠词。

A modern,powerful,socialist China will have been built.

到时将建成一个现代化的、强大的社会主义中国。

Such a beautiful Beijing was not even dreamt of in the old days.

这样漂亮的北京在过去连做梦也不敢想象。

(7)专有名词带有描绘特征的定语时,可用定冠词。

Edgar Snow interviewed the great Mao Zedong and wrote books about China,of which Red Star Over China is the best known.

埃德加·斯诺采访了伟大的毛泽东,写了很多关于中国的书,其中最知名的是《西行漫记》。

When Huike sees the crying Minzhi on television,he himself starts crying.(人教大纲版高一上第34页)

当看到敏芝在电视上哭时,慧科也哭了起来。

(8)表示某人的作品、某个牌子的产品时,可用定冠词。

I don't think the Ford is a better car than our makes.

我觉得福特牌汽车不一定比我们这个牌子的好。

Where is the Kodak made?

柯达牌照相机是哪里制造的?