5.用在某些结构或搭配中

(1)在表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、介词as的宾语以及同位语中，表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，大都用零冠词。

Who's(the)captain of your team?

谁是你们球队的队长?

Xiao Wang was elected(the)chairman of the committee．

小王被推举为委员会主席。

They elected Xiao Wang(the)chairman of the committee．

他们推举小王为委员会主席。

The foreign teacher asked me to act as interpreter．

外籍教师请我作口译员。

Charles Dickens，(the)author of David Copperfield，was a distinguished English novelist．

=(The)Author of David Copperfield，Charles Dickens，was a distinguished English novelist．

查尔斯·狄更斯，《大卫·科波菲尔》的作者，是一位杰出的英国小说家。

提示：

下面句子中介词as的宾语因为不是独一无二的职务，只是表示职业，所以要用不定冠词。

As a physician，he does not deserve much praise．

作为物理学家，他没有得到应有的赞扬。

But as a teacher，he has no equal among his colleagues．

但作为老师，他在同行中独树一帜。

(2)称呼语以及表示感叹意味的名词前用零冠词。

Stay where you are，girl!

姑娘，呆着不动!

My eyesight is still weak，doctor．

医生，我的视力还是很弱。

Young man，mind!A truck is approaching．

年轻人，小心!有辆卡车开过来了。

Shall I fetch the report，engineer?

工程师，要我去取报告吗?

Poor fellow!He broke his leg．

可怜的家伙!他的腿断了。

(3)在一个以“单数可数名词+as/though/that”开始的让步从句中，普通名词之前用零冠词。

Coward as he is，do not bully him．

他胆子小，不要欺侮他哦。

Fool though John is，he could not have done such a thing．

约翰再傻，也不可能做这样的事。

Shoe-maker that he is，he is a man of the world．

虽然他是个鞋匠，他却是个走遍世界的人。

(4)单数可数名词用在密切联系的并列结构(成对词)中或作列举之用时，一般用零冠词。

One must serve the people heart and soul．

我们应该全心全意为人民服务。

The relations between teacher and student are excellent．

师生间的关系极好。

Tree after tree went down，cut down by the water．(人教大纲版高一上第25页)

树一棵一棵地倒下，是被水流冲断的。

The development of radio，television and other media has gone hand in hand with the development of advertising．(人教大纲版高三第40页)

广告行业是一门高度发展的产业。广播、电视和其他媒体与广告业同步发展。

提示：

其他类似的结构有arm in arm，man to man，from west to north，from right to left，day after day，time after time，from hand to mouth，etc．

(5)在若干独立结构中，用零冠词。

The old man was sitting in a chair，pipe in mouth．

老头儿坐在椅子上，嘴里叼着烟斗。

The huntsman entered the forest，gun in hand．

猎人手持猎枪进了森林。

He sat at the table，coat off，head down，and pen in hand．

他坐在桌旁，外套已经脱去，低着头，手里握着支笔。

With great determination，the Foolish Old Man led his sons in digging up these mountains，hoe in hand．

愚公下定决心后让他的儿子们拿着锄头开始挖山。

(6)在(a)kind(sort，species)of等结构中，后面的名词一般用零冠词。

What kind of man is he?I don't know．

他是个什么样的人?我不知道。

Send whatever you find to the hospital to help the doctor find out what kind of poison the person has swallowed．(人教大纲版高二上第63页)

把你能找到的东西送到医院，这可以帮助医生了解病人吞食了什么毒药。

This is the best kind of pen you can get here．

这是你在这儿能够找到的最好的一种笔了。

What sort of book do you want?

你要哪种书?

This is a curious species of rose．

这是一种罕见的玫瑰。

提示：

当然也有用不定冠词的，尤其是在what kind of之后。

You don't know what kind of a man he is．

What kind of a job are you going to take?

I didn't think you were that kind of a person．

语法专家认为that kind of a book．．的说法不规范，同时认为what kindof．．和what kind of a．．的意思不尽相同:

What kind/sort of car is it?(Is it a Ford or a Honda?)

What kind/sort of a car is it?(Is it any good?)

What sort of place is Hangzhou?It's a city．

What sort of a place is Hangzhou?It's a scenic spot．

常有人说Those kind/sort of questions are very difficult．但更规范的说法是That kind/sort of question is very difficult或说Questions of that kind/ sort are very difficult．

其他类似的说法有a type(types)，a class(classes)，a make(makes)，a style(styles)，a form(forms)，a brand(brands)，a variety(varieties)of，etc．