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高中英语语法新体验——从经典例句开始
1.3.2.3 3.后位限定词

3.后位限定词

兹将各后位限定词与其他限定词的搭配关系列表如下:

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下面我们详细解读这个表格。

(1)基数词的用法。

①基数词可以与前位限定词all以及后位限定词last,next,other和序数词等搭配,置于这些词之后,但有时也可以置于last,next,other和序数词之前。

All(the) four teachers were involved.

四个老师都牵扯进来了。

Ten of the last eleven years have been the hottest in the past150 years.(人教大纲版高二上第149页)

过去11年中有10年是150年来最热的。

提示:

the eleven last years比较少见。

The next three steps are very important.(人教大纲版高一下第24页)

下面三步非常重要。

提示:

The three next steps比较少见。

Professor Karl von Frisch was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1973,which he shared with two other scientists.(人教大纲版高三第122页)

卡尔·冯·弗里希在1973年与另外两位科学家共同被授予了一项诺贝尔奖。

提示:

在表示特指时,基数词既可置于other之前,也可置于other之后。

In 1945,Sir Alexander Fleming received the Nobel Prize together with the two other scientists.(人教大纲版高三第80页)

1945年,亚历山大·弗莱明爵士和另外两名科学家一起获得了诺贝尔奖。

He and the other two children made a speech.

他和另外两个男孩作了演讲。

②基数词还可以与another搭配,置于其后;与such和more搭配,置于其前。

Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.(人教大纲版高三第49页)

这样,剩下来的500英里就得靠两条腿来走了。

One such dictionary is enough for me.

像这样的一本词典对于我来说已经足够了。

After that Captain Cook made two more voyages around the world.(人教大纲版第31页)

在此之后,库克船长还作过两次环球航行。

提示:

I'd like two more apples.=I'd like two apples more.

(2)序数词的用法。

序数词可以与前位限定词all以及后位限定词another,few等搭配,置于这些词之后;与few搭配时,也可置于其前。

Do not start a book unless you can see from the first few pages that it is one that you can easily read and understand.(人教大纲版高三第206页)

除非你能从一本书的头几页看出这是一本你容易读懂的书,否则就不要去读它。

All first/second winners are from this city.

所有的一等奖/二等奖获得者都来自于这个城市。

There are quite a few first violins in the band.

这个乐队有好几个首席小提琴手。

提示:

first winners,second winners,first violins中的序数词已经和其后的名词成为一个整体。

(3)last,next和other的用法。

last,next和other可以与后位限定词few搭配,置于其前或其后,位置不同,意思上有所不同。

In the last few decades,the Australian government and the Kooris have worked hard to improve the situation.(人教大纲版高三第167页)

在过去的数十年中,澳大利亚政府和古利人通力合作以改变现状。

The few last comers could be put up at a hostel for the night.

那几个最后来的可以安排在客栈过夜。

提示:

last comers=people who come last

Over the next few hundred years,the Swahili kingdoms and the islands off the African coast developed into the world's trading centre.(人教大纲版高三第12页)

在随后的几百年中,斯瓦西里王国和非洲沿海的一些岛屿发展成了世界贸易中心。

I don't know who came out first in the contest,but I'm sure Tom was among the few next bests.

我不知道谁在比赛中获胜,不过我确信汤姆是第二名之一。

提示:

next best是“第二名”、“亚军”的意思。

The other few desks need to be repaired.

其余的那几张桌子需要修理一下。

Few other desks need to be repaired.

其他少数几张桌子需要修理一下。

提示:

the other few中的few带有肯定意义,few other中的few带有否定意义。

和the five other places与the other five places意义差别不大一样,the other few desks与the few other desks的意义差别也不大。

(4)such的用法。

such可以与前位限定词all,中位限定词some,any,no,后位限定词other,another,many,few,several等搭配,置于其后。

He denied all such accusations.

他否认所有这样的指控。

I have encountered other/many such difficulties during my exploration.

在我的探险过程中我遇到了其他/很多这样的困难。

Another such mistake should ever be avoided.

再不要犯这样的错误了。

At the moment in my country there are very few such schools.(95人教版高二下第68页)

现在我们国家很少有这样的学校。

提示:

such与no,any,some搭配的例句见前。

(5)more的用法。

more可以与后位限定词many,several,基数词搭配,置于其后。

China's large population meant that the schools had to expand to take in many more students.(人教大纲版高三第103页)

中国人口众多,这就意味着必须扩大学校的规模,以吸收更多的学生。

There are several more magazines on that desk.

在那张桌子上还有几本杂志。

We have just ordered 2,000 more bricks for the repair of the south tower.(95人教版高三第41页)

我们刚刚又预订了2 000块砖用来修缮南边的塔。

提示:

more还可以与a few,plenty和a lot搭配,置于其后。

May I have a few more copies?

我还要几本可以吗?

There's plenty more(beef).(95人教版高一第29页)

还有很多牛肉。

There'll be a lot more people here in about five year's time.(81人教版高一第118页)

5年后这儿将聚集更多的人。

(6)several的用法。

several可以与后位限定词other,hundred,thousand等搭配,置于其前。

Many of the earth's plants and animals have already died out,and several other species are endangered.(人教大纲版高一上第66页)

地球上许多的动植物已几乎灭绝,不少其他的物种也濒临灭绝。

After 1953 several hundred people have succeeded in climbing the mountain.(人教大纲版高三第17页)

从1953年以来,已经有好几百人成功地登上了这座山。

(7)less的用法。

less可以置于a little,a lot后。

This boiler consumes a little less fuel.

这个锅炉用的燃料要少一些。

This boiler consumes a lot less fuel.

这个锅炉用的燃料要少得多。

(8)few的用法。

如前所述,few置于中位限定词a,the,物主限定词,every,what,后位限定词last,next,other,such,序数词等之后。这里我们来归纳一下few与这些限定词搭配时是具有肯定意义还是否定意义。few在单独使用时以及在和what连用时,具有否定意义,在和a,the,物主限定词,some,every,序数词,last,next,(the)other,such连用时具有肯定意义。

①few表示否定意义。

Few animals feel any pain.(人教大纲版高一下第28页)

很少有动物感觉疼痛的。

What few cars there were when he arrived had disappeared.

他到的时候,那几辆车也不见了。

②few表示肯定意义。

It is not always easy to spot a bad ad,but there are a few things we can look out for.(人教大纲版高三第41页)

要看出坏广告并不总是很容易的,但有些情况我们还是可以提防的。

The few surviving human beings are being used in the way that we use machines today.(人教大纲版高一上第62页)

幸存的少量人们被当作工具用。

My few friends came to my birthday party.

我的那几个朋友都来参加我的生日聚会了。

Some books are to be tasted,others to be swallowed,and some few to be chewed and digested.(人教大纲版高三第205页)

有些书应当品尝,另一些书应当吞食,还有一些书应当咀嚼和消化。