导读

《连环错》约于1593～1594年完成，是莎剧中最短的一部。因为完成的年代最早，所以风格与架构最接近古典喜剧。这出早期的喜剧，并为后来主题相似但技巧更为成熟的《第十二夜》奠定了基础。

《连环错》整个故事都发生在同一天，发生的地点也在同一个地方，主要的情节则在身份错认一事上，吻合古典戏剧理论中的“三一律”。莎剧少见合乎三一律的架构，除本剧之外，亦见于《暴风雨》。

《连环错》应是根据罗马喜剧作家普劳特斯（Plautus,公元前254?—184年）—出典型孪生喜剧Menaechmi的故事大纲改编而成，华纳（William Warner）以生动鲜活笔触将其译为英文，于1595年出版。部分学者认为《连环错》之所以早一步问世，应该是由于莎士比亚看过拉丁原文或英译本的初稿。

Menaechmi描述一对双胞胎兄弟在婴儿时期分离，长大后同在城镇埃皮丹（Epidamnum）出现。这对孪生兄弟不时遭到误认，不但令别人恼怒，这两个当事人也感到离奇困惑，一直到剧终两人相见相认之后才水落石出。《连环错》与Menaechmi的相同之处在于：这些接踵而来的误会都是由一连串的巧合机运所造成，并非人为的诡计或玩笑。

但莎士比亚除了师法普劳特斯，沿用了原有的架构之外，他又更胜一筹，加入一对孪生奴仆，并且取了相同的名字，使得原本就复杂的误会，更是纠结难解。

此外，他还借用普劳特斯另一个剧本Amphitruo中的情节，写下了阿德里安娜将丈夫关在门外，与她认定的丈夫在家里用餐的这一景。两兄弟的父亲伊勤这个角色也不是莎士比亚所原创的，而是取材于14世纪的诗人高尔（John Gower）所写的《泰尔的阿波罗纽斯》（Appolonius of Tyre）。

孪生兄弟同时出现、重逢的地点，由埃皮丹改为以巫术着称的以弗所（Ephesus），为叙拉古的安提福勒斯将误会解释为巫术的联想，提供了绝佳背景和笑点。此外，伊勤得以在剧终摆脱死刑的威胁，最后合家团圆，与Menaechmi嘲讽式的卖妻结局大相径庭，这也是莎士比亚的主意。

尽管本剧是莎剧剧名中唯一带有喜剧（comedy）一词的戏，但长久以来，许多评论家却坚持这是出笑剧（farce），不值得从喜剧的角度认真看待。英国诗人及评论家柯立芝就曾经说过，双胞胎的角色勉强维持了喜剧的主题，但增加另一对双胞胎却是剧作家与观众双方同意的协议：即使是最夸张的机缘巧合，也可以在剧场中成立。剧中的某些情节也具有笑剧的特征，例如两人阔别多年后竟会在同一天穿上一模一样的服装，又例如被误认的孪生子殴打仆人，被认为精神错乱，而他则将误会都归咎于巫术。

《牛津英语大辞典》（Oxford English Dictionary）中为笑剧所下的定义是：“通常为篇幅较短的戏剧作品，以引人发笑为唯一的目的。”《连环错》并不完全符合这个定义，因为剧中也有感人的情节，例如伊勤与双胞胎儿子失散的苦难，男女的情爱，还有伊勤在最需要帮助时，亲生儿子却不认他。

更重要的是，莎士比亚使伊勤笼罩在死亡的阴影下，直到剧终才得以解除，而死亡在多数的罗马喜剧中向来都只是虚晃一招，并没有成真的可能。席德尼爵士（Sir Philip Sidney）也说：“喜剧就是模仿生活中的误会，用最滑稽可笑的方式呈现，使观众认为绝对不可能发生。”从这两个角度来看，称《连环错》为喜剧并不为过。莎士比亚似乎在他早期的剧场生涯就已经认为：历经一连串的道德冲突或生命危险之后，达到圆满结局，才算是喜剧收场。

其实在罗马喜剧的背后，隐约还带有希腊风格。公元前4世纪末希腊新喜剧（New Comedy）的创始人米南德（Menander,公元前342—292年）及其他剧作家，似乎都最钟爱错认身份、和失散子女重逢等主题，或许是因为当时的政治经济状况混乱，使得和小孩离散成为司空见惯的事件。随着时空的推移，经过罗马时期到伊丽莎白时期，莎士比亚又赋予这个传统的戏剧文类新的活力与意义，并加入了基督教对大众心理及道德价值的影响。

《连环错》的场景设在《圣经》中圣保罗与使徒前往的以弗所一地，借此将基督教思想注入剧本，呼应剧中人物的情绪及心理反应。如伊勤最后出乎意料地无偿获得宽恕释放就是最好的例子，其他类似的情节还反映在女修道院长是基督徒的典范，而剧中对婚姻的描述建立在互爱与互敬之上，同样也吻合基督教的思想。

阿德里安娜泼悍是因为怀疑丈夫不爱她，丈夫又因为妻子和另一名男子一起吃饭，愤而去找其他女子，而露西安娜则认为为人妻子应顺从丈夫才是正道，其语气和思想都类似莎士比亚同时期的喜剧《驯悍记》中改头换面的凯瑟丽娜，代表基督教对婚姻的典型观点。

剧中人视周遭的人、事、物为理所当然，结果经由身份的错置，使得他们跳脱出原有的观点，重新审视生活中的大小事件。又待所有的混乱和误解解除之后，才恢复原有的秩序与理性，生活再度回归正常。其间的对比，如幻象与现实、疯狂与理智，也都是常见的莎剧主题。

在此剧中，莎剧的另一个常见主题也有着墨：社会地位不平等的问题。一介平凡的商人无奈接受死刑，仆人遭主人殴打，诸如此类等等，都体现出此一问题。而在本剧中，作者并没有允诺任何平等公义的力量，只展现出这种问题可以获得解决，但本质仍然是无法改变的。

《连环错》最早的演出纪录是在伦敦的葛雷法律学院，时间是1594年12月28日，当时正值圣诞假期。300年后，波尔（William Poel）将此剧重新搬上葛雷法律学院的场地，旨在重现当时演出的风貌。这次演出让人不得不承认《连环错》在舞台上的确具有一定的戏剧效果，从此打破以往认为此剧过于粗俗、前后不相连贯的成见。时至今日，这出戏仍然能够引起许多观众（尤其是孩童）的笑声及掌声。

DUKE SOLINUS

Merchant of Syracuse,plead no more;

I am not partial to infringe our laws:

The enmity and discord which of late

Sprung from the rancorous outrage of your duke

To merchants,our well-dealing countrymen,

Who wanting guilders to redeem their lives

Have seal'd his rigorous statutes with their bloods,

Excludes all pity from our threatening looks.

For,since the mortal and intestine jars

'Twixt thy seditious countrymen and us,

It hath in solemn synods been decreed

Both by the Syracusians and ourselves,

To admit no traffic to our adverse towns Nay,more,

If any born at Ephesus be seen

At any Syracusian marts and fairs;

Again: if any Syracusian born

Come to the bay of Ephesus,he dies,

His goods confiscate to the duke's dispose,

Unless a thousand marks be levied,

To quit the penalty and to ransom him.

Thy substance,valued at the highest rate,

Cannot amount unto a hundred marks;

Therefore by law thou art condemned to die。

公爵

叙拉古的商人，你也不用多说。我没有力量变更我们的法律。最近你们的公爵对于我们这里去的规规矩矩的商民百般仇视，因为他们缴不出赎命的钱，就把他们滥加杀戮；这种残酷暴戾的敌对行为，已经使我们无法容忍下去。本来自从你们为非作乱的邦人和我们发生嫌隙以来，你我两邦已经各自制定庄严的法律，禁止两邦人民之间的一切来往；法律还规定，只要是以弗所人在叙拉古的市场上出现，或者叙拉古人涉足到以弗所的港口，这个人就要被处死，他的钱财货物就要被全部没收，悉听该地公爵的处分，除非他能够缴纳一千个马克，才能赎命。你的财物估计起来，最多也不过一百个马克，所以按照法律，必须把你处死。

AEGEON

A heavier task could not have been imposed

Than I to speak my griefs unspeakable:

Yet,that the world may witness that my end

Was wrought by nature,not by vile offence,

I'll utter what my sorrows give me leave.

In Syracusa was I born,and wed Unto a woman,happy but for me,

And by me,had not our hap been bad.

With her I lived in joy; our wealth increased

By prosperous voyages I often made

To Epidamnum; till my factor's death

And the great care of goods at random left

Drew me from kind embracements of my spouse:

From whom my absence was not six months old

Before herself,almost at fainting under

The pleasing punishment that women bear,

Had made provision for her following me

And soon and safe arrived where I was.

There had she not been long,but she became

A joyful mother of two goodly sons;

And,which was strange,the one so like the other,

As could not be distinguish'd but by names.

That very hour,and in the self-same inn,

A meaner woman was delivered

Of such a burden,male twins,both alike:

Those,—for their parents were exceeding poor,—

I bought and brought up to attend my sons.

My wife,not meanly proud of two such boys,

Made daily motions for our home return:

Unwilling I agreed.Alas! too soon,

We came aboard.

A league from Epidamnum had we sail'd,

Before the always wind-obeying deep

Gave any tragic instance of our harm:

But longer did we not retain much hope;

For what obscured light the heavens did grant

Did but convey unto our fearful minds

A doubtful warrant of immediate death;

Which though myself would gladly have embraced,

Yet the incessant weepings of my wife,

Weeping before for what she saw must come,

And piteous plainings of the pretty babes,

That mourn'd for fashion,ignorant what to fear,

Forced me to seek delays for them and me.

And this it was,for other means was none:

The sailors sought for safety by our boat,

And left the ship,then sinking-ripe,to us:

My wife,more careful for the latter-born,

Had fasten'd him unto a small spare mast,

Such as seafaring men provide for storms;

To him one of the other twins was bound,

Whilst I had been like heedful of the other:

The children thus disposed,my wife and I,

Fixing our eyes on whom our care was fix'd,

Fasten'd ourselves at either end the mast;

And floating straight,obedient to the stream,

Was carried towards Corinth,as we thought.

At length the sun,gazing upon the earth,

Dispersed those vapours that offended us;

And by the benefit of his wished light,

The seas wax'd calm,and we discovered

Two ships from far making amain to us,

Of Corinth that,of Epidaurus this:

But ere they came,—

O,let me say no more! Gather the sequel by that went before.

伊勤

要我说出我难言的哀痛，那真是一个最大的难题；可是为了让世人知道我的死完全是天意，不是因为犯下了什么罪恶，我就忍住悲伤，把我的身世说一说吧。我生长在叙拉古，在那边娶了一个妻子，若不是因为我，她本可以十分快乐，我原来也能使她快乐，只可惜命途多蹇。当初我们两口子相亲相爱，安享着人世的幸福；我常常到埃必丹农做买卖，每次都可以赚不少钱，所以家道很是丰裕；可是，后来我在埃必丹农的代理人突然死了，我在那边的许多货物没人照管，所以不得不离开妻子的温柔怀抱，前去主持一切。我的妻子在我离家后不到六个月，就摒挡行装，赶到了我的身边；那时她已有孕在身，不久就做了两个可爱的孩子的母亲。说来奇怪，这两个孩子生得一模一样，全然分别不出来。就在他们诞生的时辰，在同一家客店里有一个穷人家的妇女也产下了两个面貌相同的双生子，我看见他们贫苦无依，就出钱买下了孩子，把他们抚养大，侍候我的两个儿子。我的妻子生下了这么两个孩子，把他们宠爱异常，每天催促我早作归乡之计，我虽然不大愿意，终于答应了她。唉！我们上船的日子，选得太不凑巧了！船离开埃必丹农三英里，海面上还是波平浪静，一点看不出将有风暴的征象；可是后来天色越变越恶，使我们的希望完全消失，天上偶然透露的微弱光芒照在我们惴惴不安的心中，似乎只告诉我们死亡已经迫在眼前。我自己虽然并不怕死，可是我的妻子因为害怕不可免的厄运在不断哭泣，还有我那两个可爱的孩子虽然不知道他们将会遭到些什么，却也跟着母亲放声号哭，我见了这一种凄惨的情形，便不能不设法保全他们和我自己的生命。那时候船上的水手们都已经跳下小船，各自逃生去了，只剩下我们几个人在这艘快要沉没的大船上；我们没有别的办法，只好效法航海的人们遇到风暴时的榜样，我的妻子因为更疼她的小儿子，就把他缚在一根小的桅杆上，又把另外那一对双生子中的一个也缚在一起，我也把大的那一个照样缚好了，然后我们夫妻两人各自把自己缚在桅杆的另外一头，每人照顾着一对孩子，此后就让我们的船随波漂流，向着我们认为是科林多的方向顺流而去。后来太阳出来了，把我们眼前的阴霾暗雾扫荡一空，海面也渐渐平静下来，我们方才望见远处有两艘船向着我们开来，一艘是从科林多来的，一艘是从埃必道勒斯来的；可是它们还没有行近——啊，我说不下去了，以后的事情，你们自己去猜度吧！

BALTHAZAR

Have patience,sir;

O,let it not be so!

Herein you war against your reputation

And draw within the compass of suspect

The unviolated honour of your wife.

Once this,—your long experience of her wisdom,

Her sober virtue,years and modesty,

Plead on her part some cause to you unknown:

And doubt not,sir,but she will well excuse

Why at this time the doors are made against you.

Be ruled by me: depart in patience,

And let us to the Tiger all to dinner,

And about evening come yourself alone

To know the reason of this strange restraint.

If by strong hand you offer to break in

Now in the stirring passage of the day,

A vulgar comment will be made of it,

And that supposed by the common rout

Against your yet ungalled estimation

That may with foul intrusion enter in

And dwell upon your grave when you are dead;

For slander lives upon succession,

For ever housed where it gets possession.

鲍尔萨泽

请您息怒吧，快不要这样子，给人家知道了，不但于您的名誉有碍，而且会疑心到尊夫人的品行。你们相处多年，她的智慧贤德，您都是十分熟悉的；今天这一种情形，一定另有原因，慢慢地她总会把其中道理向您解释明白的。听我的话，咱们自顾自到猛虎饭店吃饭去吧；晚上您一个人回家，可以问她一个仔细。现在街上行人很多，您要是这样气势汹汹地打进门去，难免引起人家的流言蜚语，污辱了您的清白的名声；也许它将成为您的终身之玷，到死也洗刷不了，因为诽谤到了一个人的身上，是会永远存留着的。

ANTIPHOLUS

Sweet mistress—what your name is else,I know not,

Nor by what wonder you do hit of mine,—

Less in your knowledge and your grace you show not

Than our earth's wonder,more than earth divine.

Teach me,dear creature,how to think and speak;

Lay open to my earthy-gross conceit,

Smother'd in errors,feeble,shallow,weak,

The folded meaning of your words' deceit.

Against my soul's pure truth why labour you

To make it wander in an unknown field?

Are you a god? would you create me new?

Transform me then,and to your power I'll yield.

But if that I am I,then well I know

Your weeping sister is no wife of mine,

Nor to her bed no homage do I owe

Far more,far more to you do I decline.

O,train me not,sweet mermaid,with thy note,

To drown me in thy sister's flood of tears:

Sing,siren,for thyself and I will dote:

Spread o'er the silver waves thy golden hairs,

And as a bed I'll take them and there lie,

And in that glorious supposition think

He gains by death that hath such means to die:

Let Love,being light,be drowned if she sink!

大安提福勒斯

亲爱的姑娘，我叫不出你的芳名，

更不懂我的名姓怎会被你知道；

你绝俗的风姿，你天仙样的才情，

简直是地上的奇迹，无比的美妙。

好姑娘，请你开启我愚蒙的心智，

为我指导迷津，扫清我胸中云翳，

我是一个浅陋寡闻的凡夫下士，

解不出你玄妙神奇的微言奥义。

我这不敢欺人的寸心唯天可表，

你为什么定要我堕入五里雾中？

你是不是神明，要把我从头创造？

那么我愿意悉听摆布，唯命是从。

可是我并没有迷失了我的本性，

这一门婚事究竟是从哪里说起？

我对她素昧平生，哪里来的责任？

我的情丝却早已在你身上牢系。

你婉妙的清音就像鲛人的仙乐，

莫让我在你姐姐的泪涛里沉溺；

我愿意倾听你自己心底的妙曲，

迷醉在你黄金色的发浪里安息，

那灿烂的柔丝是我永恒的眠床，

把温柔的死乡当作幸福的天堂！

COURTEZAN

Now,out of doubt Antipholus is mad,

Else would he never so demean himself.

A ring he hath of mine worth forty ducats,

And for the same he promised me a chain:

Both one and other he denies me now.

The reason that I gather he is mad,

Besides this present instance of his rage,

Is a mad tale he told to-day at dinner,

Of his own doors being shut against his entrance.

Belike his wife,acquainted with his fits,

On purpose shut the doors against his way.

My way is now to hie home to his house,

And tell his wife that,being lunatic,

He rush'd into my house and took perforce

My ring away.This course I fittest choose;

For forty ducats is too much to lose.

妓女

安提福勒斯一定是真的疯了，否则他绝不会这样不顾面子的。他把我一个值四十块钱的戒指拿去，答应我他要去打一根金项链来跟我交换；现在他戒指也不肯还我，项链也不肯给我。我相信他一定是疯了，不但因为他刚才那样对待我，而且今天吃饭的时候，我还听他说过一段疯话，说是他家里关紧大门不放他进去，大概他的老婆知道他时常精神病发作，所以有意把他关在门外。我现在要到他家里去告诉他的老婆，说他发了疯闯进我的屋子里，把我的戒指抢去了。这个办法很不错，四十块钱不能让它冤枉丢掉。

ANTIPHOLUS OF EPHESUS

My liege,I am advised what I say,

Neither disturbed with the effect of wine,

Nor heady-rash,provoked with raging ire,

Albeit my wrongs might make one wiser mad.

This woman lock'd me out this day from dinner:

That goldsmith there,were he not pack'd with her,

Could witness it,for he was with me then;

Who parted with me to go fetch a chain,

Promising to bring it to the Porpentine,

Where Balthazar and I did dine together.

Our dinner done,and he not coming thither,

I went to seek him: in the street I met him

And in his company that gentleman.

There did this perjured goldsmith swear me down

That I this day of him received the chain,

Which,God he knows,I saw not: for the which

He did arrest me with an officer.

I did obey,and sent my peasant home

For certain ducats: he with none return'd

Then fairly I bespoke the officer

To go in person with me to my house.

By the way we met My wife,her sister,and a rabble more

Of vile confederates.Along with them

They brought one Pinch,a hungry lean-faced villain,

A mere anatomy,a mountebank,

A threadbare juggler and a fortune-teller,

A needy,hollow-eyed,sharp-looking wretch,

A dead-looking man: this pernicious slave,

Forsooth,took on him as a conjurer,

And,gazing in mine eyes,feeling my pulse,

And with no face,as 'twere,outfacing me,

Cries out,I was possess'd.Then all together

They fell upon me,bound me,bore me thence

And in a dark and dankish vault at home

There left me and my man,both bound together;

Till,gnawing with my teeth my bonds in sunder,

I gain'd my freedom,and immediately

Ran hither to your grace; whom I beseech

To give me ample satisfaction

For these deep shames and great indignities.

小安提福勒斯

殿下，我并不是喝醉了酒信口乱说，也不是因为心里恼怒随便冤人，实为像我今天所受到的种种侮辱，是可以叫无论哪一个头脑冷静的人都会发起疯来的。这妇人今天把我关在门外不让我进去吃饭；站在那边的那个金匠倘不是她的同党，他也可以为我证明，因为他那时和我在一起。后来他去拿一条项链，答应我把它送到我跟鲍尔萨泽一同吃饭的酒店里；可是我们吃完饭，他还没有来，我就去找他；我在街上遇见了他，那位先生也跟他在一起，不料这个欺人的金匠一口咬定他已经在今天把项链交给了我，天知道我可没有看见过；他赖了人不算，还叫差役把我捉住，我没有办法，只好叫我的奴才回家去拿钱，谁知道他却空手回来；于是我就求告那位差役，请他亲自陪着我到我家里；在路上我们碰见了我的妻子和小姨，带着她们的一批狐群狗党，还有一个名叫品契的面黄肌瘦像一副枯骨似的混账家伙，一个潦倒不堪的江湖术士，简直就是个活死人，这个说鬼话的狗才自以为能够降神捉鬼，他的一双眼睛盯着我的眼睛，摸着我的脉息，说是有鬼附在我身上，自己不要脸，硬要叫我也丢脸；于是他们大家扑在我身上，把我缚住手脚抬到家里，连我的跟班一起丢在一个黑暗潮湿的地窖里，后来被我用牙齿咬断了绳，才算逃了出来，立刻到这儿来了。殿下，我受到这样奇耻大辱，请您一定要给我做主伸雪。

ADRIANA

His company must do his minions grace,

Whilst I at home starve for a merry look.

Hath homely age the alluring beauty took

From my poor cheek? then he hath wasted it:

Are my discourses dull? barren my wit?

If voluble and sharp discourse be marr'd,

Unkindness blunts it more than marble hard:

Do their gay vestments his affections bait?

That's not my fault: he's master of my state:

What ruins are in me that can be found,

By him not ruin'd? then is he the ground

Of my defeatures.My decayed fair

A sunny look of his would soon repair

But,too unruly deer,he breaks the pale

And feeds from home; poor I am but his stale.

阿德里安娜

他和那些娼妇贱婢们朝朝厮伴，

我在家里盼不到他的笑脸相看。

难道逝水年华消褪了我的颜色？

有限的青春是他亲手把我摧折。

难道他嫌我语言无味心思愚蠢？

是他冷酷的无情把我聪明磨损。

难道浓妆艳抹勾去了他的灵魂？

谁教他不给我裁剪入时的衣裙？

我这憔悴朱颜虽然逗不起怜惜，

剩粉残脂都留着他薄情的痕迹。

只要他投掷我一瞥和煦的春光，

这朵枯萎的花儿也会重吐芬芳；

可是他是一头不受羁束的野鹿，

他爱露餐野宿，怎念我伤心孤独！

ADRIANA

Ay,ay,Antipholus,look strange and frown:

Some other mistress hath thy sweet aspects;

I am not Adriana nor thy wife.

The time was once when thou unurged wouldst vow

That never words were music to thine ear,

That never object pleasing in thine eye,

That never touch well welcome to thy hand,

That never meat sweet-savor'd in thy taste,

Unless I spake,or look'd,or touch'd,or carved to thee.

How comes it now,my husband,

O,how comes it,That thou art thus estranged from thyself?

Thyself I call it,being strange to me,

That,undividable,incorporate,

Am better than thy dear self's better part.

Ah,do not tear away thyself from me!

For know,my love,as easy mayest thou fall

A drop of water in the breaking gulf,

And take unmingled that same drop again,

Without addition or diminishing,

As take from me thyself and not me too.

How dearly would it touch me to the quick,

Shouldst thou but hear I were licentious

And that this body,consecrate to thee,

By ruffian lust should be contaminate!

Wouldst thou not spit at me and spurn at me

And hurl the name of husband in my face

And tear the stain'd skin off my harlot-brow

And from my false hand cut the wedding-ring

And break it with a deep-divorcing vow?

I know thou canst; and therefore see thou do it.

I am possess'd with an adulterate blot;

My blood is mingled with the crime of lust:

For if we too be one and thou play false,

I do digest the poison of thy flesh,

Being strumpeted by thy contagion.

Keep then far league and truce with thy true bed;

I live unstain'd,thou undishonoured.

阿德里安娜

好，好，安提福勒斯，你尽管皱着眉头，假装不认识我吧；你是要在你相好的面前，才会满面春风的；我不是阿德里安娜，也不是你的妻子。想起从前的时候，你会自动向我发誓，说只有我说的话才是你耳中的音乐，只有我才是你眼中最可爱的事物，只有我握着你的手你才感到快慰，只有我亲手切下的肉你才感到可口。啊，我的夫，你现在怎么这样神不守舍，忘记了你自己？我们两人已结合一体，不可分离，你这样把我遗弃不顾，就是遗弃了你自己。啊，我的爱人，不要离开我！你把一滴水洒下了海洋里，若想把它原样收回，不多不少，是办不到的，因为它已经和其余的水混合在一起，再也分别不出来；我们两人也是这样，你怎么能硬把你我分开，而不把我的一部分也带了去呢？要是你听见我有了不端的行为，我这奉献给你的身子，已经给淫邪所玷污，那时你将要如何气愤！你不会唾骂我，羞辱我，不认我是你的妻子，剥下我那副娼妇的污秽的面皮，从我不贞的手指上夺下我们结婚的指环，把它剁得粉碎吗？我知道你会这样做的，那么请你就这样做吧，因为我的身体里已经留下了淫邪的污点，我的血液里已经混合着奸情的罪恶，我们两人既然是一体，那么你的罪恶难道不会传染到我的身上？既然这样，你就该守身如玉，才可保全你的名誉和我的清白。

LUCIANA

And may it be that you have quite forgot

A husband's office? shall,Antipholus.

Even in the spring of love,thy love-springs rot?

Shall love,in building,grow so ruinous?

If you did wed my sister for her wealth,

Then for her wealth's sake use her with more kindness:

Or if you like elsewhere,do it by stealth;

Muffle your false love with some show of blindness:

Let not my sister read it in your eye;

Be not thy tongue thy own shame's orator;

Look sweet,be fair,become disloyalty;

Apparel vice like virtue's harbinger;

Bear a fair presence,though your heart be tainted;

Teach sin the carriage of a holy saint;

Be secret-false: what need she be acquainted?

What simple thief brags of his own attaint?

'Tis double wrong,to truant with your bed

And let her read it in thy looks at board:

Shame hath a bastard fame,well managed;

Ill d eeds are doubled with an evil word.

Alas,poor women! make us but believe,

Being compact of credit,that you love us;

Though others have the arm,show us the sleeve;

We in your motion turn and you may move us.

Then,gentle brother,get you in again;

Comfort my sister,cheer her,call her wife:

'Tis holy sport to be a little vain,

When the sweet breath of flattery conquers strife.

露西安娜

安提福勒斯你难道已经忘记了

一个男人对他妻子应尽的本分？

在热情的青春，你爱苗已经枯槁？

恋爱的殿堂没有筑成就已坍倾？

你娶我姐姐倘只为了贪图财富，

为了财富你也该向她着意温存；

纵使另有新欢，也只好鹊桥偷渡，

对着眼前的人儿献些假意殷勤。

别让她在你眼里窥见你的隐衷，

别让你的嘴唇宣布自己的羞耻；

你尽管巧言令色，把她鼓里包蒙，

心里奸淫邪恶，表面上圣贤君子。

何必让她知道你已经变了心肠？

哪一个笨贼夸耀他自己的罪状？

莫在她心灵上留下双重的创伤，

既然对不起她，就不该恶声相向。

啊，可怜的女人！天生来柔弱易欺，

只要你们说爱我们，我们就相信；

躯体被别人占据了，给我们外衣，

我们也就心满意足，不发生疑问。

姐夫，进去吧，安慰安慰我的姐姐，

劝她不要伤心，对她叫一声我爱；

甜言蜜语的慰藉倘能息争解气，

何必管它是真心，是假惺惺作态。

LADY ABBESS

And thereof came it that the man was mad.

The venom clamours of a jealous woman

Poisons more deadly than a mad dog's tooth.

It seems his sleeps were hinder'd by thy railing,

And therefore comes it that his head is light.

Thou say'st his meat was sauced with thy upbraidings:

Unquiet meals make ill digestions;

Thereof the raging fire of fever bred;

And what's a fever but a fit of madness?

Thou say'st his sports were hinderd by thy brawls:

Sweet recreation barr'd,what doth ensue

But moody and dull melancholy,

Kinsman to grim and comfortless despair,

And at her heels a huge infectious troop

Of pale distemperatures and foes to life?

In food,in sport and life-preserving rest

To be disturb'd,would mad or man or beast:

The consequence is then thy jealous fits

Have scared thy husband from the use of wits.

住持尼

所以他才疯了。妒妇的长舌比疯狗的牙齿更毒。他因为听了你的詈骂而失眠，所以他的头脑才会发昏。你说你在吃饭的时候，也要让他饱听你的教训，所以害得他消化不良，郁积成病。这种病发作起来，和疯狂有什么两样呢？你说他在游戏的时候，也因为你的诮呵而打断了兴致，一个人既然找不到慰情的消遣，他自然要闷闷不乐，心灰意懒，百病丛生了。吃饭、游戏、休息都要受到烦扰，无论是人是畜生都会因此而发疯。你的丈夫是因为你的多疑善妒，才丧失了理智的。

ADRIANA

May it please your grace,Antipholus,my husband,

Whom I made lord of me and all I had,

At your important letters,—this ill day

A most outrageous fit of madness took him;

That desperately he hurried through the street,

With him his bondman,all as mad as he—

Doing displeasure to the citizens

By rushing in their houses,bearing thence

Rings,jewels,any thing his rage did like.

Once did I get him bound and sent him home,

Whilst to take order for the wrongs

I went,That here and there his fury had committed.

Anon,I wot not by what strong escape,

He broke from those that had the guard of him;

And with his mad attendant and himself,

Each one with ireful passion,with drawn swords,

Met us again and madly bent on us,

Chased us away; till,raising of more aid,

We came again to bind them.

Then they fled Into this abbey,whither we pursued them:

And here the abbess shuts the gates on us

And will not suffer us to fetch him out,

Nor send him forth that we may bear him hence.

Therefore,most gracious duke,with thy command

Let him be brought forth and borne hence for help.

阿德里安娜

启禀殿下，您给我做主许配的我的丈夫安提福勒斯，今天忽然大发精神病，带着他的一样发疯的跟班，在街上到处乱跑，闯进人家的屋子里，把人家的珠宝首饰随意拿走。我曾经把他捉住捆好，送回家里，一面忙着向人家赔不是，可是不知怎么又给他逃了出来，疯疯癫癫的主仆两人，手里还挥着刀剑，看见我们就吓唬我们，把我们赶走。后来我招呼了许多人，想把他拖回家去，他看见人多，就逃进这所庵院里了。我们追到了这里，这里的姑子却堵住了大门，不让我们进去，也不肯放他出来；我没有办法，只好求殿下做主，命令那姑子把我的丈夫交出来，好让我带他回家去医治。