第三章　政策问题确认

教学要求

1.掌握政策问题确认的目的和重要性；掌握政策问题以及社会问题等概念；掌握政策问题确认的理论基础和基本步骤。

2.熟悉政策问题确认具体步骤的目标、原则以及方法；明确政策制定者和研究者在政策问题确认环节的角色定位和共同目标,熟悉双方在政策问题确认中各自的优势、侧重和职责。

3.了解政策问题确认与政策问题根源分析、方案研制以及政策去向等环节的关系；了解政策问题确认的研究思路和常用方法。

情景与思考

American former presidents had tried to carry out health reforms in the past years but they failed.So many people at all levels reject the health reforms.Obama faced the same difficulties. Why did the health reforms were obstructed heavily even it is good to American?Why Obama got approval this time with solid opposition?

Polls show 48%of Americans opposed to medical reform.Against the fundamental reason is that health care reform with the United States,contrary to traditional values.U.S.government intervention in the market,state-controlled deep-rooted wariness of society,on the government-led control of health care and national health insurance policy to maintain the high degree of vigilance Obama originally wanted to build non-profit public insurance institutions,by means of competing with the private insurance sector to reduce insurance premiums more effectively.But most people firmly opposed,they think this is undermining the American values of freedom； they favor a market-driven health care,to"put the government's hand away"。

Republicans obstruct medical reform with the thought of party mischief,but more because of the ruling idea is different.Republicans have been advocating"small government,big market",while the medical reform will form a strong government,social life and the economy too much interference,which is contrary to the principles of capitalist free market economy.