Journey to Ancient Civilizations
the inner wall, there are huge stone gates guarded by mysterious stone beasts. The place name, ‘Kexiaotu’, means ‘Stone monument’ in Mongolian. The name seems to infer that there was once a stone monument near the altar; however, this monument is nowhere to be found. More interestingly, several geometric figures are found in the layout of the building complex around the altar, and the axis of the building complex points exactly towards the Polaris. Archaeologists believe that such layout, to certain extent, reflects ancient people’s understanding of astronomy.
The so-called Altar of Earth is a 10-metre high rectangular architecture, which is only 200 metres away from the Altar of Heaven. Build by Tuyuhun people, the main body of this architecture is also fortified with sun-dried mud bricks. According to the archaeologists, it is probably built to worship the god of earth on festival occasions.
stone carvings of luxigou: Was found in Luxi Ravine, which is 25 kilometres south from the urban area of the county. The stone carvings are on a rock face which covers an extensive area of approximately 1000 square metres. Imaged of two horses are represented at the lower side of the rock face, while three images of Buddhas, with an average height of 2 metres are represented at the higher side of the rock face. It is estimated by the archaeologists that the stone carvings were made during the reign of 11th Khan of Tuyuhun Kingdom, Murong Muliyan (436-452). This speculation suggests that these stone carvings might have existed for more than 1500 years, and thus might be the oldest stone carvings found in Qinghai Province.
Flower Mountains and Flower sea: Heitsi Flower Mountains are situated in the cold mountain area Xiariha Town, which is 400 kilometres away from Qingzang High Way. The mountains magically come to life when the spring and summer rains bring forth the amazing colourful carpets of wild flowers that cover the whole area. The wild flowers in this region bloom in a spectacular fashion, while the “carpet” is comprised of different coloured flowers.
Ketso Flower Sea is a vast wildflower field in Xiangkexiaotu Grassland. In spring and summer, it is a place of enormous beauty, which is surrounded by serpentine rivers and green hills. The fascinating scenery attracted thousands of photographers and painters, providing them with inspirations in artistic creation. According to the legend, the mountain god of Kecuo once fought the devils here and sacrificed himself when slaying the devils. To praise such heroic deed, the god of heaven asked the fairies to sprinkle thousands of flowers, and then a sea of flower was made.
The Glacial Cascade: The glacial cascade lies in the ravine to the south of Flower Sea. The ravine is dangerously steep. Grotesque rocks, with serpentine streams flowing among them, stud and rise in the shape of spires. High up the cliffs of the ravine, the glacier comes into view. Enveloped by thousands of sparkling icicles, the glacial cascade glistens in morning light. From a distance, it looks like a mighty river surging over the beds of the rock. The ice of the glacial cascade is pure and clear, while water from the melting ice converges into creeks, which flow slowly to the Flower Sea.
Nuomuhong shell Ridge: This bluish white ridge lies in the south-eastern part of Nuomuhong Town, is 2 kilometres long and 70 metres wide. It is built up by countless ancient shellfishes, when looking from a distance, the ridge looks like a bizarre fish lying in the sand.
Huoluxun lake: Situated near the shell ridge, Huoluxun Lake is known for its scenic natural beauty and the clarity of its waters. The twin lakes cover an area of 183 square-kilometres; they are actually developed at the lowest point of Qaidam Basin, with an elevation of 2675 meters. Natural hot springs are all around the lakes, where tourists can take a soothing vacation; moreover, taking a trip with the reed boat in Huoluxun Lake will be one of the most memorable experiences.
Barlong international hunting ground: The hunting ground is a vast region of some 20000 square kilometres in the Burhanbuda Mountain. It is the habitat of many wildlife species in Qingzang Plateau. Since its establishment in 1989, the hunting ground has been visited by hunters, wildlife specialists, ecologists and officials from different countries.
Ancient Temple of Xiangride: Situated at the foot of Kulun Mountain, the temple is exquisitely decorated, surrounded by dedicatedly designed cloister and covered in glazed tiles.
Many important historical and political events happened in Xiangride Temple. In 1717, the Dzungars invaded Tibet, the 7th Dalai Lamar, Kelzang Gyatso, guarded by Emperor Kangxi’s expenditure force, went to Lhasa to expel the rebels with the 14th prince Yinti. In the journey to Lhasa, the troops rested and reorganized in Xiangrede region and a tent were built here for the 7th Dalai Lamar, as temporary living place. The 7th Dalai Lamar held several rituals and ceremonies during the short stay at Xiangride, to commemorate such important historical event, the believers and followers of Tibetan Buddhism built the Xiangrede Temple in 1780. Several hundred years later, the 10th Panchen Lamar, Choekyi Gyaltsen, and his Khenpo Chamber stayed in Xiangride Temple to avoid the threat of Guomintang Government. Until September of 1949, when the liberation of Qinghai approached, the 10th Panchen Lamar sent a telegraph from Xiangrede Temple to the Central government, and declared that he supports China's claim of sovereignty over Tibet, and China's reform policies for Tibet. After liberation, Panchen Lamar revisited the temple several times.
Folk customs: Mongols and Tibetan are two major ethnic groups in Dulan County. Both of them have maintained their cultural traditions for hundreds of years.
Folk customs of Mongols
Mongol people migrated to Dulan in Yuan and Ming dynasty. Later on, Gushri Khan founded Khoshut Khanate on Qingzang Plateau during the period of late Ming / early Qing Dynasty, and his relatives were assigned to station in Dulan region. From then on, Mongol people and their descendants in Dulan region have been referred as Degdu Mongols, which means‘Upper Mongols’. The custom of Degdu Mongols distinguishes itself from other ethnical groups’customs, since it features unique rituals, ceremonies and religious activities.
obo Festival: The Obo (means shrine) Festival is one of the most important festival for Mongols, it is usually held in the fifth month of the lunar year. On the day of the festival, Mongol people, wearing traditional costumes, swarm to the shrines of mountain gods, to give their prayers. Sacrificial offerings and sermons will be given during the ritual, while toward the end of the ceremonies, various activities, such as wrestling, archery competitions, and a horse-race will be held.
Naadam: Naadam is a traditional type of festival in Mongolia. It is believed to have existed for centuries in one fashion or another. Naadam has its origin in the military conference and parades during the reign of Genghis Khan. It is now the most widely watched festival among Mongols. Naadam festival begins with an elaborate introduction ceremony featuring series of celebration rituals, dancers, and musicians. The ceremony will be followed by sporting competitions such as archery, horse riding and wrestling, which are known as “the three games of men”.
Folk customs of Tibetans
Tibetans in Dulan are descendants of Tufan people, who originally lived in Haixi region. After Ming dynasty, these Tibetans gradually migrated to western shore of Yellow River for political reasons. Not until 1755, when the rebellion of Lubsan Danzan was put down, the Tibetans moved back to their homeland. Villages, such as Reshui, Gouli, Xiariha were built later on. Tibetans are known for their forthright, uninhibited and obliging characters, their culture has a long history in Dulan region, while such culture has been shaped by original indigenous customs and celebrations.
Archery competitions: Just as described in epic poem, The Epic of King Gesar, Tibetans are famous for their archery skill mastery. Every year, archery competition is held among the Tibetan villages in Dulan County, while youths from different villages, accompanied by groups of supporters, come to participate the competitions. When the arrow is fired, the audiences will run towards the direction that the arrow travels to, if the arrow hits the “bulls eye”, they will respond with loud applause and hoots.
Folk songs and dances: Tibetan folk songs mainly fall into two categories: Lagzha and Lu. Lagzhas are traditional love songs which are popular among Tibetans. Lu is a type of folk ballads, whose theme is always related to local geography, folk customs and so on. During the midsummer holidays, singing competitions are always held, while singers of all ages are allowed to participate.
Guozhuang and Zerou are main categories of Tibetan folk dances. These dances are always performed during festivals or slack farm season in which Tibetan men and women form a circle and move from right to left while singing.

群山环抱,云蒸霞蔚,锦绣都兰,生机勃勃


柴达木盆地的蓝宝石——霍鲁逊湖



诺木洪文化遗址
诺木洪文化的宏伟历史画卷,记载着都兰县源远流长的辉煌历史。早在2900多年以前,我们的祖先就在这片“青海源头空有月,黄沙碛里本无春”的险恶环境中农耕捕猎,繁衍生息。
塔温陶里哈、塔里陶里哈两处遗址均为青铜器时期的文化遗址,在这里,先民们留下着刀耕火种、茹毛饮血的原始生活印记,留下了图腾崇拜祭祀活动的见证,更留下了智慧和技巧的产物陶彀和陶牦牛。
如今的诺木洪地区已是沧海桑田,“溪旁种瓜豆,大田栽枸杞”,一派生机盎然的景象,然而,历史不会忘记,我们的祖先曾在这“古来白骨无人收”的严酷自然环境中顽强拼搏,生生不息……






热水一号大墓
大墓依山傍水,有高原“金字塔”之称。东西两面各有山峦向墓旁延伸,两山交汇处有一巨石,形似鸟兽,两面的大山浑似鸟翼展开,正面眺望,犹如一只引吭一啸的雄鹰,以双翅护墓。也有人说,东西两翼为两条龙,两山夹持之间有一形似宝珠的山包,大墓之南是热水河,称之为“二龙戏珠”风水宝地,可见吐谷浑人受汉文化影响之深。大墓东西长55米,南北宽37米,高约10米,系人工筑成的小山包,墓室之上棚盖巨大柏树圆木10多层,下面有小圆柏木棚盖10余层,中间是巨石和沙土。大墓南侧有殉马坑5条,出土活马骼骨87具。另有殉牛坑、殉犬坑多处,可见当时吐谷浑人畜牧业之发达。
在都兰境内的古丝绸南路上、距今2300多年历史的香日德镇南山山顶的坼堠,居高临下,环视四野,敌军来犯时既可作为烽火台传递军情,和平时期又能为南北过往的商旅引路指航。同时,与此相距十余里的北山上也有一座类似的坼堠,南北对望,遥相呼应。


在一号大墓左侧200米处,是一座坑式墓葬,墓室深9米,分左右两室,是典型的北朝墓葬形制。墓主人可能是位王妃或公主,故称之为“公主坟”。此墓主人与一号大墓的主人是何种关系,一直是吐谷浑古墓千古谜团之一。


吐谷浑很早就有祭天的习俗。祭天是一项神圣而重要的活动,需要一个祭祀台,这个祭祀台一般都修在王城或牙帐的附近。
克措草原广阔平坦,祭天台建在草原中心,四野茫茫,群山邈邈,祭台正对北斗七星的方位,视野十分开阔。


都兰出土文物
都兰县古墓群分布甚广,东起夏日哈镇,西至宗加镇诺木洪地区,在4.7万平方公里土地上,分布着诸多古墓群和古文化遗址,出土文物更是琳琅满目。其造型精美别致,制作巧夺天工,品类有汉代中原地区制作的漆器、金银器、古罗马金币、古波斯银币和来自中亚西亚的金银器、玻璃珠、香水瓶等。这些出土文物,足以见证都兰当时的政治、经济状况和在南丝绸古道中的重要地位和作用。




















南丝绸之路兴起于南北朝,鼎盛于隋唐,经数百年不衰,成为中国历史上最著名的国际商贸通道之一,也是承载量最大的东西方物资、文化交流的桥梁。在这条繁荣的大道上,从中国内地到东罗马帝国、远至欧洲,往来不绝的商队长年累月地运送着大批丝绸锦缎、药材香料、金铜玉器、毛皮纸张、瓷器茶叶、生活用品、工艺品,无所不有。截至目前,从吐谷浑、吐蕃墓葬中出土的丝绸制品达130种之多。
香加乡的巴哈默力沟,山高沟深,奇峰环列,在山林深处的一块青色石壁上刻有一幅大型岩画,共分九组,内容有:马、鹿、野羊、旱獭、犬、喜鹊、牛、驴、蛇等。鲁丝沟岩画距今1500年左右,其中的一尊佛像是青海地区迄今发现最早的石刻佛像,形像庄严慈祥,为当地信教群众所尊仰。








人间仙境——海寺“花海”

离开都兰县城,向东行至15公里处,一片花的海洋就会展现在你的面前。这是一处人间仙境,草原上绿茵盖地,碧草连天,野花竞放,铺锦堆秀;各种花卉争奇斗艳,红似火、黄如金、白似雪、紫若霞,芳香醉人。附近山峦上苍松翠柏遮天,奇花异草蔽地,山、树、花、草相映成趣。此情此景,是天地、自然和谐共生的结果。

考肖图草原
景区位于县城西南部的考肖图山中。山势连绵起伏,雄奇险峻,山林深处沟壑纵横,崖壁陡峭,祁连圆柏苍劲挺拔,山涧澄碧如练的溪流溶成淙淙流淌的山泉顺流而下。你可以看到林荫、泉水之间,常常有野羊、狐兔出没。
山脚下,广袤无垠的草原上绿草如茵,野花相间,牛羊嬉戏,骏马嘶鸣,牧歌嘹亮,鞭声清脆。更有洁白的蒙古包点缀在碧绿的原野间,这是一幅大自然勾勒出的五彩缤纷的神奇画卷。



自然奇观——夏日冰瀑
在距县城约40公里的都兰县香加乡境内,有一宽广的山涧,这里芳草如茵,怪石林立,山泉奔流;东西两面的山坡上古柏成林,青翠欲滴,柏香扑鼻,气象森然,如入仙境。沿着峡谷向前穿行,山高路险,悬崖峭壁,巨石当道,突见一白色瀑布飞泻而下,倒悬天际,好似幕布徐徐拉开。这就是柴达木盆地一道奇特的景观——夏日冰瀑。远看冰瀑如冰河倒倾,冰塔冰柱连成一座壮丽的琼楼玉宇。近看冰色洁白如玉,冰面上似有梅花点点,翠竹斑斑…… 冰瀑在石壁脚下汇成一道碧水,流向花海。七月流火,冰川不化,万年如斯,凡目睹此景者,无不为大自然的鬼斧神工而拍手叫绝。

热水温泉
热水温泉位于都兰县热水乡境内,热水乡即以该温泉而得名。温泉距县城约110公里,该景区有热水泉眼20余个,均为涌动泉,泉水涌出地面形成水柱高20—50厘米间,景象壮观。水温一般在70℃左右,鸡蛋放入水中不久便熟。在该泉水中经常沐浴、浸泡能治关节炎,饮用能治胃、肠等疾病。


地质遗迹——贝壳梁
一游客站在这远古遗迹之上,万分感慨地说:“沧海已随岁月去,此地空留贝壳梁。”他一语道破了盆地沧桑巨变的历史轨迹。
贝壳梁在都兰县宗加镇以北30公里处,此地有一道青白色的堤梁,远看如一条大鱼横卧在荒漠和盐碱滩上,近看始知这条“大鱼”是由亿万个贝壳堆积而成的山梁。堤梁长3公里,底宽70米,顶宽30米,高5至10米,系千百万年前沧海变大陆时众多贝壳沉积而成的。贝壳大小不一,乳白色,由盐碱沙土黏合在一起,组成奇形怪状的景观。大自然的这一远古杰作,正是高原盆地沧桑巨变的缩影。






柴达木盆地的蓝宝石——霍鲁逊湖
霍鲁逊湖面积183平方公里,滋润着周边广袤的湿地。湿地里生长着种类繁多的植物,五颜六色,色彩斑斓。湖中茂密的芦苇手牵手、肩并肩环围湖滨,微风吹来,平静如镜的湖面上顿时显现出层层波纹,蓝天白云下面,时有天鹅、黑颈鹤、麻鸭等水鸟嬉戏水面,湖水中浮起的由断根芦苇形成的“芦苇船”,不时有三五人乘坐其上,撑杆划动,堪称一绝。






2010年8月都兰县举办了吐谷浑与丝绸南路文化研讨会

激情穿越柴达木
激情穿越柴达木——中国•青海海西汽车摩托车集结赛活动始于2008年。集结赛活动路线经过青海湖,穿越柴达木盆地,沿途要跨雪山、过草地、穿戈壁、闯沙漠,独特的地形地貌和高海拔的气候条件,是检验身体状况的和体能的绝佳场地。
赛事的开展对提升“激情穿越柴达木”活动的知名度、打造青藏高原知名体育文化旅游品牌和发展汽车运动起到了良好的促进作用。
活动以柴达木盆地旅游资源最为丰富的格尔木、德令哈、天峻、乌兰、都兰、大柴旦等地为中心,采取点、线、面结合的方式,开展一系列丰富多彩的民族体育文化旅游、汽车摩托车赛事及汽车文化展示活动,其中包括多个砂石路段比赛、汽车场地赛、摩托车场地赛、摄影采风大赛、博客大赛、民族歌舞表演和电影专场放映晚会等,集中展示了青藏高源特有的地貌风情、历史文化。





都兰国际狩猎场
都兰国际狩猎场地处青藏高原北部的高原山地向高原主体过渡地段上的柴达木盆地东南一隅,海拔在2800-4900米之间。从所处的地理位置看,其西北部为柴达木盆地东部边缘,南部为昆仑山脉,地形复杂,由高原山地、山地丘陵、山前冲积扇和寒漠山地构成。境内有阿木尼克山、牦牛山、布尔汗布达山和八宝、秀沟、洪水川等河流山川。地势东北部与南部较高,中部、西部低,西北部多为荒漠。布尔汗布达山纵贯县域南部,是有蹄类动物的主要分布区。
都兰国际狩猎场试办于1985年,经过6年的试狩猎运营,于1992年4月经国家林业局(原林业部)批准建立。都兰国际狩猎场对外开放狩猎20多年来的实践证明,这是一个狩猎资源非常丰富、国际猎人十分满意的“高原狩猎地”。
都兰国际狩猎场地处蒙古族藏族聚居区,以蒙古族生活方式为主,突出蒙古包居住特点,结合国际猎人的生活习惯,在饮食和居住条件上尽可能中西餐结合,服务设施完备,管理规范,具备一定规模的接待能力。目前,猎场每年可接待狩猎猎人50至80人次。



蒙古族藏族风俗
蒙古族主要饮食有手抓肉,即将牛、羊肉切成适当的小块,放入锅内加水和食盐烹煮,有的也配以佐料,开锅后即可捞出食用。风干肉是把肉切成细条,撒上盐末,风干保存,以备春季或外出食用。灌肠有肉肠、血肠、面肠,肉肠灌入剁碎的羊心、肝、肺和肋部软肉;血肠灌入牛羊鲜血,面肠灌入面粉加动物油脂,煮熟后食用。蒙古族就餐习惯一日三餐,早上喝酥油茶、炒面糊,吃饼、油炸面食;中午吃炒面、馍馍、肉,喝奶茶;晚上吃手抓肉、面条、面片等。就餐时全家围在炕桌前,老人坐上位,年轻女子坐在离锅灶近的地方,随时添茶端饭。吃肉时用刀子割开肉块,用手抓食;吃馍则用手掰开,将小块馍送入口中;吃米饭、面条则用筷子。
居住在牧区的藏族群众与蒙古族群众的饮食习惯基本相似,一日三餐以炒面、奶茶为主,早饭一般都吃“豆玛”,即先在碗中放置少量酥油、炒面、奶酪,再倒入茶水,茶水喝完后将炒面搅拌食用,无论任何地方的客人,来到藏族牧民帐房里,热情好客的主人都会献上一碗豆玛茶以示欢迎。藏族牧民的肉食以牛羊肉为主,采用烹煮手抓的方法,将肉割成块,放置锅内加水煮,开锅后取出,用刀子割食。








民族服饰
藏族衣料主要是绵羊皮及羊毛织物,羊皮按屠宰季节分冬板和秋板,也有少量夏季羊皮,根据皮板上羊毛的长短缝制四季服装。较为讲究的皮袄用貂皮、狐皮和黑羊羔皮做皮领,黑绒布或花色氆氇镶边。办喜事或过年过节时穿礼服,礼服为羊羔皮袍或二毛皮袍,袍面分条绒、平绒,也有绸缎和毛料的,并用毛氆氇或獭皮镶边,狐皮或貂皮为领,其特点是领宽、腰肥、袖长、右开襟、无纽扣、腰束长带。穿着藏袍,两臂可随意露出袖外,便于劳作。一般只袒右臂,袖子空垂于后,内穿一件斜襟、立领、带纽扣的衬衣。牧区藏族穿氆氇褐衫,夏天戴礼帽,冬天戴狐皮帽,雨天穿自制毡衣,裤子多为自制大裆裤。藏族喜穿牛皮高腰厚底皮靴,男子还喜欢穿高腰马靴。
过去男女藏族都留发辫,男子将发编成独辫盘于头顶,今日已极少见到。牧区女子将头发梳成数十条小辫子于背上,有的在辫梢处配辫套,以形似碗状的银盾装饰,银盾上刻有各式花纹。农区藏族妇女发辫数量较少,辫套上绣花色图案,并装有珊瑚珠串或绿松石、银元等。女子腹部的左边配戴银奶钩和日月形银饰品,男子腰间喜戴佩刀,女子戴玛瑙、珊瑚项链,男女都佩戴戒指、耳环、手镯,男子手镯为象牙制作,女子除象牙镯外也有银镯、玉镯等。


花儿歌会
十月的都兰秋高气爽、花儿飘香。2011年10月17日,由中共都兰县委、都兰县人民政府、青海省文化馆主办的西北五省(区)花儿歌手千年古国吐谷浑故乡行演唱会在都兰县察汗乌苏镇隆重拉开帷幕。演唱会的成功举办,繁荣了本地的文化事业。
都兰县是一个以蒙古族、藏族为主体的多民族聚居县份,有蒙古、藏、汉、回、土等十多个民族,各民族团结融洽、和睦相处。






草原盛会
蒙古族那达慕大会,即游乐戏耍的意思,“那达慕”起源于13世纪初,当时,每逢成吉思汗召集各部首领聚会时,除了制定典章、奖罚任免、商讨战局、欢庆胜利外,还举行规模较大、体现蒙古族勇敢、剽悍、善战、豪放特征的娱乐活动,即那达慕。在蒙古族群众中,那达慕盛会内容丰富,规模较大,参加人数众多。那达慕多在夏秋之交进行,男女老幼都从驻牧地向会场集中,开始时,人们供上全羊和酒肉糖果等食品,推举一名德高望重的长者,手持盛满美酒的银碗和洁白的哈达,高声致祝赞词,词中盛赞蓝天之高大,草原之辽阔,祖先的丰功伟绩和人民的幸福生活,感谢神佛的保佑和恩赐,祝福大家愉快,家庭和美,生活幸福,比赛成功等,接着举行骑马、射箭、摔跤等比赛活动,青年男女唱歌跳舞,欢度那达慕盛会。
在当代,“那达慕”的内容和形式虽然仍以传统的“乐舞三艺”为主,但更多的却已转向体育、文艺搭台,经济、贸易唱戏的新形式上来,参加者也不再局限于蒙古族内部,而成为跨民族地域的一个丰富多彩的民族欢庆大会。







祭俄博
祭俄博是一种宗教活动。祭俄博时,蒙古族和藏族男性牧民身着节日盛装,骑马乘骆驼从四面八方来到供奉山神的地点——俄博,进行祭祀和祈祷。祭俄博时,先煨桑,然后由喇嘛念经,人们乘马脱帽,口诵佛经,绕俄博三圈,向山神鞠躬叩头,进行祷告,祈求山神保佑一方平安,风调雨顺,人畜兴旺。1949年以前,祭俄博时,王爷要检查旗兵的装备和战马,俄博祭完后,要进行摔跤、射箭、赛马活动。


麻雅神山
在109国道(青藏公路)450公里处,公路西侧有一大山拔地而起,山色如玉,黄白相间,山势雄浑,形如一座巨佛端坐,神色庄严,亦喜亦悲,这就是安多藏区著名的麻雅神山。蒙古族称其山为诺彦,即王者之山。山上有蒙藏族祭送亡灵归天的天葬台。
都兰县蒙古族和藏族丧葬形式都有天葬、土葬和火葬3种。都兰蒙藏族普遍采用天葬,人去世后,要请僧人诵经,将死者驮运到天葬场,死者亲属举行煨桑仪式进行祭奠,然后等待秃鹰啄食,若尸体被啄食得又快又干净,则说明死者有好的造化,来世定能前途光明,否则认为在世时有宿愿未偿,家人要请僧人念经超度。



香日德班禅行辕




晨钟暮鼓奏出慈悲向善教诣,经声、佛号唱响文明和谐乐章。香日德班禅寺院是一座具有200余载历史的黄教喇嘛寺院。当地信教群众为纪念七世达赖进藏期间曾在香日德停留于此,于1917年修建了这座寺院。寺院南北长214米,东西宽160米,占地面积34.24公顷,分为内墙和外墙,呈“回”字形。外墙内种植树木和农作物,内墙两侧建有僧舍、斋房82间,正中央坐落着古香古色的大经堂,经堂面积1250平方米,为砖木结构两层楼房,可供千名僧众诵经拜佛。1976年,寺院被拆除,1984年,根据十世班禅大师亲笔书信建议,都兰县人民政府筹集资金,在原址重修庙宇。新建寺院经堂富丽堂皇,面积265平方米,两厢建有僧舍、斋房。回廊经转排列,道旁花木扶疏,至今香火旺盛。







都兰的佛教寺院中都有严密的组织,实行严格的等级制度,最高权力人物是寺内的活佛或寺主,蒙古族寺院称“堪布”。由于寺院规模不同、人员不等,所以编制不尽相同,但大体上是一致的。一般寺院的寺主都是活佛或堪布,活佛以下按在寺内的地位依次排列为正副法台、管家、僧官、正副经头、寺院管理员、僧人。寺主由堪布或活佛担任,掌管寺内一切;管家也称“大老爷”、“二老爷”,代替寺主处理寺内事物,正副法台也可以替活佛处理寺内宗教事务,正副经头负责僧众学经、组织佛事活动,管理员负责寺院卫生和阿卡食宿事务,僧官管理全寺僧众戒律,负责执行寺内处罚制度。
宗教活动名目繁多,主要系佛事活动,各寺的佛事活动大同小异。香日德寺每年有大型佛事活动7次,巴隆寺每年举行3次佛事活动,并进行祭“俄博”活动。都兰境内的藏传佛教信徒们对寺中的佛像和活佛都十分虔诚,每次来寺都顶礼膜拜,接受活佛“摸顶”。教徒在自己家中都供奉佛像,转麻尼科尔洛、诵经、点酥油灯、挂经幡、煨桑、挂念珠、磕头等。有的信教群众还环绕当地神山一步一叩首,围着神山转一遭。如果家中父母去世,子女都要请寺院的活佛或其他僧人念“超度”经,信教群众有了病也经常去寺院祈念“平安”经。平时,教徒还要选日子举行祭“俄博”活动,在山头上堆上红柳,并放入哈达、白酒等认为是吉祥、虔诚的物品。老年人手中都有一串念珠,空闲时间一边拨弄念珠,一边诵经。巍巍昆仑山 宝地柴达木
大美青海 神话海西
海西蒙古族藏族自治州位于青藏高原北部,全州总面积30.09万平方公里,占青海省总面积的41.7%,是全省重要的工矿区和农牧区。境域主体为中国四大盆地之一的柴达木盆地,占全州总面积的78.6%。
海西蒙古族藏族自治州是建设旅游名省青海的重点地区,是青藏铁路世界屋脊旅游带、南丝绸之路旅游经济带、青藏高原昆仑文化旅游区的主体。众多的冰峰神山、圣湖神泉、奇观异貌、历史遗迹,组成了柴达木奇特的自然、人文景观。其雄浑壮美的雪域风光,悠久神秘的历史文化,特色浓郁的民族风情,灵秀隽美的草原湖泊,使之成为中国最具吸引力的旅游胜地之一。
朋友,欢迎您走进柴达木,体验激情之旅、梦幻之旅……
【中国最美的湖泊——青海湖】 青海湖是我国最大的内陆咸水湖,位于青海省东北部,距省会西宁市136公里,距都兰县200余公里。青海湖地域辽阔,草原广袤,河流众多,水草丰美。湖四周被高山环抱,举目环顾,从山下到湖畔,则是苍茫无际的千里草原,碧波连天的青海湖就像一个翡翠玉盘镶嵌在高山草原之间,构成一道美丽如画的风景。
青海湖在不同的季节,景色迥然不同:春夏之间,湖畔山青草绿,水秀云高,景色绮丽;夏秋之际,油菜花金黄一片,红色的野花铺满山坡,美不胜收;而在寒冷的冬季,牧草一片枯黄,湖面开始结冰,浩渺的湖面冰封玉砌,一泓澄碧的琼浆凝固成一面巨大的宝镜,在阳光下熠熠闪光。青海湖的美是原始的、神圣的、不加雕琢的自然之美。




【冬给措纳湖】 面积22,000公顷,海拔4300米,为青藏高原上的一个大型淡水湖。湖泊水源来自发源于东南阿尼玛卿山(峰高5,390米)的河流,湖的出水口向西北流入柴达木盆地。冬给措拉湖是都兰县的主要水源地之一。

【外星人遗址】 位于海西州德令哈市西南60公里处、托素湖畔巴音诺瓦山下。上尖下圆,高约200米,形似金字塔,有三个洞窟,其中靠右边的一洞约高5米、宽3米、纵深有10米。洞中无人工开凿的痕迹,亦非溶洞。洞内、外均有神秘的管状物,粗细、造型各异,很像修筑“水利工程”的材料。洞口对面约80米就是波光粼粼的托素湖。在距离洞口40米的湖滩里,有许多类似铁管的管状物散见于裸露的沙岩里,形状奇特,种类繁多。经化验分析,这些管状物确系金属,其中氢化铁占30%以上,二氧化硅和碳酸钙占60%以上,另外还有7%-8%的不明化学元素。这些管状物是自然造化还是传说中的外星球入侵所带来的,尚未定论。神奇的“外星人遗址”引起了人们极大兴趣,从而吸引众多游客前往观光和考察。

【金子海旅游景区】 位于乌兰县城希里沟镇西南85公里处,距德令哈市100公里,距德都公路15公里。金子海,不是“海”,是沙漠中泉水汇集而成的湖泊,面积0.45平方公里,从湖边岔出两条河流,向东南和西南方向输送泉水。湖的西部和西北部为43.5万亩的沙漠,近湖为不规则的新月形沙丘,湖南北两岸各有百米宽的草带,湖的东部、东南部被万余亩2米高的芦苇环绕,南部为沼泽,牧草。可与敦煌的“月牙泉”相媲美。在此滑沙,垂钓、戏水、均可使人怡然自得。

【玉珠峰】 国家登山训练基地,海拔6178米。距109国道仅40公里,距格尔木市140 公里,是昆仑山脉东段最高峰,终年积雪,多冰川,针对不同路线分别适宜普通群众、专业运动员攀登。玉珠峰四季银装素裹,巍然耸立于蓝天白云下,冰川似白玉砌成的天梯,山脚夏季绿草如茵清泉涌动,自然景观赏心悦目,是集旅游观光和游客登山、运动员训练于一体的理想场所。

【可鲁克湖与托素湖】 海西州重点旅游景区。位于海西州德令哈市西南40-60公里处,青新公路、青藏铁路贯穿湖区。两湖被一条银色的小河连接,形似褡裢,故称为褡裢湖或姊妹湖。湖水一淡一咸,生态各异,风姿卓然不同,故又称“情人湖”。北边的可鲁克湖是淡水湖,面积57平方公里,湖水清澈透明,水草密布,有人工放养的鱼,虾、蟹等。湖周围芦荡连绵,候鸟群集;南边的托素湖是咸水湖,面积180平方公里,湖心小岛是省内的第二大鸟岛。两湖水面浩淼,景色奇特,是集观光、休闲、娱乐为一体的综合性生态旅游景区。自2005年起,德令哈市每年9月举办“柴达木可鲁克湖蟹旅游文化节”,声名远播,吸引了大量游客。

▲【哈拉湖与团结峰】 哈拉湖是青海省第二大湖泊,又称黑海,是青藏高原上内陆流域一个大型咸水湖,面积 60200公顷,海拔4078米。湖四周分布着大大小小数十个湖泡,常年蓄水,属浅水小型湖泡,大面积为沼泽地。团结峰是祁连山脉的最高峰,海拔5826米,为疏勒河上游谷地与哈拉湖盆地两内流水系分水岭的的最高点。雪线位置高达4400米以上,有较大面积的现代冰川。
▲【昆仑山】 昆仑山,横空出世,气势磅礴,被世人称之为国山之父龙脉之祖,神话传说之摇篮。它耸峙格尔木市南侧,形成绵延几千里的天然屏障,素有“亚洲脊柱”之称,它终年积雪,多冰川,即使在盛夏的六月里这里依然银装素裹,分外妖娆。远眺昆仑犹如玉龙卧岭,登临峰顶昆仑五千立足之下,奇特的景观造就了闻名遐迩的昆仑六月雪,它以其独有的魅力吸引着天下游客。


▲【茶卡盐湖旅游景区】 茶卡盐湖是柴达木盆地开发历史最为悠久的盐湖,位于海西州乌兰县茶卡镇。盐湖风光旖旎,景色优美。在这里,可以观看到现代化大型采盐船采盐时喷水吞珠的壮丽场景,欣赏盐湖日出、晚霞的绚丽画卷,透过清澈的湖水,观赏形状各异的盐花。近年来,茶卡盐湖多次举办国内首创的大型盐雕活动,吸引了众多游客。
▲【扎陵湖】 扎陵湖是黄河上游的淡水湖,又称“查灵海”,藏语意为白色长湖。位于青海高原玛多县西部构造凹地内,居鄂陵湖西侧。湖面海拔4294米,东西长35公里,南北宽21.6公里,面积526平方公里,水深平均8.9米,蓄水量46亿立方米。湖心偏南为黄河主流线,黄河携带大量泥沙入湖,风浪泛起时湖面呈灰白色,故有白色长湖之称。

【察尔汗盐湖】 南距格尔木市约60公里,北距大柴旦镇110多公里的察尔汗盐湖贯穿整个敦格公路,形成“万丈盐桥”的著名景观。盐湖地处戈壁瀚海,东西长约130公里,南北宽约40公里,面积为5856平方公里,海拔2670米。该地区气候炎热、日照时间长,水分蒸发量远远大于降水量。湖中特色是盐花,盐花为天然形成,但盐池在注入卤水后,盐花会大部分消融,待数日经过日晒,盐花会再次形成结晶。盐花的形成千姿百态,令人爱不释手。

