34. Herry Ford

Although Herry Ford’s name is closely 1) ____ the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even be today’s standards. Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, compared with the tenor twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three 2) _____.

In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those 3) ___ on the job were instituted(建立，创立). The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to 4) ____ the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts(罪犯).

The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to 5) ____ and retain the best mechanics and to 6) ____ the growth of labour unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to 7) ____ the automobiles that they produced in fact creating a market for the product. In order to 8) ___ for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and 9) ____ good personal habits. Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, 10) ____ , at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America.