四、本章课文

Dialogue 1

本篇对话包含很多面试用语，译员可以从中学会一些有用的表达。

Notes:

1．“咱们来谈谈你的学历”可以翻译为:Let's discuss your educational background．

2．“你做这份工作，资历条件再合适不过了”可以灵活地翻译为:Your qualifications for the job are excellent．

Dialogue 2

本篇对话是一个电视访谈节目，涉及教育领域，有利于译员熟悉和掌握相关用语。

Notes:

1．“为……服务”可以翻译为serve the needs of．．．

2．“教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来”可翻译为:Education is geared to the needs ofmodernization，the world，and the future．

3．“学科门类齐全”:with a wide range of disciplines

4．“具有世界先进水平”:up to advanced world standards

Dialogue 3

本篇对话是一个日常对话，其中出现了一些口语用法。译员对此类表达也应掌握。

Notes:

1．I have not seen you for ages相当于Long time no see，可译为“好久不见”。

2．“正考虑干什么工作”在英语中的习惯说法是:decide on one's career

3．“现实地对待自己”可翻译为:be realistic about oneself

4．What is that原意为“那是什么”。但在对话中，可根据语境翻译为汉语中常说的“此话怎讲”。

5．“达到目标”在英语中有对应的说法:live up to the goal

Dialogue 4

本篇对话涉及中国传统文化中的武术知识，可作为译员必备知识。

Notes:

1．在翻译“过去人们习武是为了免受战乱之苦”时，不必拘泥于句子的形式而进行字对字的翻译，可以译为:Previously，wushu was simply a matter of survival through wars．

2．“竞技性、表演性和对抗性的体育项目”可以分成两个短语进行翻译，这样有利于把意思表达得更清楚:an athletic and aesthetic performance and competitive sport

3．“打斗技艺”:fighting practice

Passage 1

本篇短文是一篇涉及与亚洲各国外交关系的讲话稿，熟悉其中的国际事务短语很重要。

Letme now give you a brief rundown of some of the key issues that I will be addressing next week，country by country，starting with my first stop in Japan．Our security alliance with Japan，50 years old next year，has been，and must remain，unshakable．In Tokyo，I will sign the Guam International Agreement，which will position our security alliance to meet the challenges of this time by moving 8，000 American troops fromOkinawa to Guam．Japan is also to be commended for taking on a bigger leadership role in addressing the economic crisis in Pakistan and for working on collaborative efforts to explore space，cure disease，and offer relief to victims of disasters around the world．We anticipate an even stronger partnership with Japan that helps preserve the peace and stability of Asia and increasingly focuses on global challenges，fromdisaster relief to advancing education for girls in Afghanistan and Pakistan to alleviating poverty in Africa．

We also will focus on the very fertile ground for cooperation that we believe exists with Indonesia．I don't need to remind you that our new President is well known and much admired there．We now have an opportunity for stronger partnerships on education，energy，and food security．The Indonesian Government has also suggested the creation of a deeper partnership with the United States．This idea represents a positive approach to areas of common concern，and we arecommitted to working with Indonesia to pursue such a partnership with a concrete agenda．

Notes:

1．rundown:纲要

2．GuamInternational Agreement:《关岛国际协议》，2009年2月17日，美国国务卿希拉里与日本外相中曾根弘文签署协议:到2014年，美国将从其位于日本冲绳的军事基地迁出约8 000名士兵，转移到关岛基地。

3．Okinawa［’aukiˊnɑ：wa］:冲绳(群岛)

4．alleviate:减轻，缓解，缓和

5．an opportunity for．．．:做……的机会。注意介词的搭配使用。

Passage 2

本篇短文是关于北京申奥的介绍，可作为介绍某个城市的范本。

住宿、交通、安保、医疗、媒体、通信和信息服务等，是成功举办奥运会的重要保障。对此，《申办报告》已作了详细的陈述。下面，我就向各位媒体记者简要地介绍一下北京。

北京是一座充满活力的现代城市，3 000年的历史文化与都市的繁荣相呼应。这里有众多的文化宝藏。除了紫禁城、天坛和万里长城这几个标志性的建筑外，北京还拥有无数的戏院、博物馆、舞厅、各种各样的餐厅和购物中心。这一切的一切都会令您感到惊奇和高兴。除此之外，北京城里还有千千万万友善的人民，热爱与世界各地的人民相处，无论是过去还是现在。北京人民相信，在北京举办2008年奥运会，将推动我们的文化和全世界文化的交流。

Notes:

1．“安保”:security

2．“是……的重要保障”可套用句型:sth．is indispensable to sth．

3．“向某人简要地介绍某事或某物”可翻译为make a brief introduction of sth．for sb．或直接采用brief的动词形式:brief sb．on sth．

4．“现代城市”:modern metropolis

5．“与……相呼应”如果按照字面意思进行翻译，可供选择的表达有inresponse to，但在该段落中应灵活处理，可采用sth weaves into sth的表达，即表示历史文化与城市繁荣相融合。

6．“标志性的建筑”可以翻译为iconic imagery，即标志性形象。

Passage 3

本篇讲话涉及敏感的外交问题，译员应该熟悉并掌握谈论此类问题时的固定表达。

我们已经多次重申了在南海问题上的原则立场，我们希望有关国家共同遵守《南海各方行为宣言》，多做有利于促进南海地区和平稳定的事情。关于你提到的第二个问题，美方的有关说法纯属颠倒黑白。我们在“无瑕号”事件发生之初就表明了我们的立场，美方对此是清楚的，国际社会也是清楚的。现在需要做的是美方采取切实行动，避免类似事件再次发生。中国政府捍卫领土完整和海洋权益的决心是坚定的。

Notes:

1．“原则立场”:principled stance。表示立场的词还有standpoint，position等，但使用时应注意搭配，如:the stance on sth．

2．“南海问题”:the South China Sea issue

3．“遵守”:abide by

4．《南海各方行为宣言》:Declaration on theConductof Parties in theSouth China Sea

5．“有利于”:be conducive to，be helpful to，be good for

6．“纯属颠倒黑白”:在翻译这句话时，需要理解其含义，即美方的说法并不是事实，是谎话。所以可以翻译为:The US remarks are sheer lies．

7．“‘无瑕号’事件”:the Impeccable Incident

8．“领土完整”:territorial integrity

9．“海洋权益”:maritime rights and interests

Passage 4

本篇讲话是关于美国文化和社会的一个介绍，有利于译员丰富文化知识。

Americans do not go in for envy．The gap between rich and poor is bigger than in any other advanced country，but most people are unconcerned．Whereas Europeans fret about the way the economic pie is divided，Americans want to join the rich，not soak them．Eight out of ten，more than anywhere else，believe that though you may start poor，if you work hard，you can make pots of money．It is a central part of the American Dream．

The political consensus，therefore，has sought to pursue economic growth rather than the redistribution of income，in keeping with John Kennedy's adage that“a rising tide lifts all boats”．The tide has been rising fast recently．Thanks to a jump in productivity growth after 1995，America's economy has outpaced other rich countries' for a decade．Its workers now produce over 30%more each hour they work than ten years ago．In the late 1990s everybody shared in this boom．Though incomes were rising fastest at the top，all workers'wages far outpaced inflation．

Notes:

1．go in for sth:赞成，参加，酷爱。例句:I don't go in for loud popularmusic．我不喜欢喧闹的流行音乐。

2．fret about(或over):因……而焦急，为……而烦恼，为……而不安。例句: But demographers，economists and politicians are right to fret about our graying．但人口统计学家、经济学家和政治家们都非常担心我们的老龄化问题。