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英美国家概况

1.1

000
1.2

出版说明
1.3

PREFACE　前　　言
1.4

Part One　The United Kingdom of Great Britain and N...
1.4.1

Unit 1　Geography, People, and Natural Resources
1.4.1.1

1. Different Names for Britain and Its Parts
1.4.1.2

2. Geographical Features
1.4.1.3

3. The People
1.4.1.4

4. Natural Resources
1.4.1.5

5. Climate and Temperature
1.4.2

Unit 2　History
1.4.2.1

1. Origin of the English Nation
1.4.2.2

2. The Shaping of the Nation （1066-1381）
1.4.2.3

3. Transition to the Modern Age （1455-1688）
1.4.2.4

4. The Rise and Development of the Bourgeoisie
1.4.2.5

5. Britain in World War I and World War II
1.4.2.6

6. Postwar Britain
1.4.3

Unit 3　Political System
1.4.3.1

1. The Monarchy
1.4.3.2

2. Parliament
1.4.3.3

3. The Government
1.4.3.4

4. Political Parties
1.4.3.5

5. The Legal System of the United Kingdom
1.4.4

Unit 4　Economy
1.4.4.1

1. General Survey
1.4.4.2

2. 18th Century
1.4.4.3

3. 19th Century
1.4.4.4

4. Business Practices
1.4.4.5

5. Imperialism
1.4.4.6

6. British Economy from 1900 to 1945
1.4.4.7

7. British Economy from 1945 to 1990
1.4.4.8

8. 1990 to 1997: The Major Years
1.4.4.9

9. 1997 to 2001: New Labor
1.4.4.10

10. Current British Economy
1.4.5

Unit 5　Education
1.4.5.1

1. Different Types of School—State Schools and Pri...
1.4.5.2

2. Primary and Secondary Education
1.4.5.3

3. National Curriculum in England, Wales and North...
1.4.5.4

4. Higher Education
1.4.5.5

5. Further Education and Training
1.4.6

Unit 6　Religion
1.4.6.1

1. Religious Affiliations
1.4.6.2

2. Religion and Society
1.4.6.3

3. Religion and Belief: Some Surveys and Statistic...
1.4.6.4

4. Attitudes in the U.K.
1.4.6.5

5. Religion and Government
1.4.7

Unit 7　Social Welfare
1.4.7.1

1. Social Security
1.4.7.2

2. Personal Social Services in Britain
1.4.7.3

3. Housing and Urban Policy
1.4.7.4

4. Health Care
1.4.7.5

5. Education and Social Policy
1.4.8

Unit 8　Literature
1.4.8.1

1. Latin Literature
1.4.8.2

2. Early Celtic Literature
1.4.8.3

3. Old EnglishLiterature （449-1066）
1.4.8.4

4. Late Medieval Literature
1.4.8.5

5. Early Modern English Literature
1.4.8.6

6. 19th Century English Language Literature
1.4.8.7

7. English Language Literature Since 1900
1.4.8.8

8. Literary Prizes
1.4.9

Unit 9　Holidays and Festivals
1.4.9.1

1. Holidays and Festivals in January
1.4.9.2

2. Holidays and Festivals in February
1.4.9.3

3. Holidays and Festivals in March
1.4.9.4

4. Holidays and Festivals in April
1.4.9.5

5. Holidays and Festivals in May
1.4.9.6

6. Holidays and Festivals in June
1.4.9.7

7. Holidays and Festivals in July
1.4.9.8

8. Holidays and Festivals in August
1.4.9.9

9. Holidays and Festivals in September
1.4.9.10

10. Holidays and Festivals in October
1.4.9.11

11. Holidays and Festivals in November
1.4.9.12

12. Holidays and Festivals in December
1.5

Part Two　The United States of America
1.5.1

Unit 10　Land, People, and Natural Resources
1.5.1.1

1. Introduction
1.5.1.2

2. Land
1.5.1.3

3. People
1.5.1.4

4. Natural Resources
1.5.2

Unit 11 History
1.5.2.1

1. The Origin of American History
1.5.2.2

2. The Independence
1.5.2.3

3. The American Civil War（1861-1865）
1.5.2.4

4. The Expansion
1.5.2.5

5. The “Gilded Age” and Populism
1.5.2.6

6. Decades of Turbulence
1.5.2.7

7. The Rise to Power—“Boom and Bust”
1.5.2.8

8. The Cold War and Beyond
1.5.3

Unit 12　Politics
1.5.3.1

1. Introduction
1.5.3.2

2. Forming a Government
1.5.3.3

3. The Emergence of the U.S. as a World Power
1.5.3.4

4. Foreign Policy （1941-2001）
1.5.3.5

5. Individual Rights under the Constitution
1.5.3.6

6. Domestic Policy from Kennedy to Bush（1961-2001）
1.5.3.7

7. Post-racial Politics
1.5.4

Unit 13　Economy
1.5.4.1

1. Introduction
1.5.4.2

2. U.S. Economic System
1.5.4.3

3. What the Economy Produces
1.5.4.4

4. Unemployment
1.5.4.5

5. Income Inequality
1.5.4.6

6. The Role of Government
1.5.4.7

7. Foreign Trade
1.5.4.8

8. Creative Destruction
1.5.5

Unit 14　Education
1.5.5.1

1. Introduction
1.5.5.2

2. K-12 Organization
1.5.5.3

3. Higher Education
1.5.5.4

4. Private School
1.5.5.5

5. Public School
1.5.5.6

6. Tension between Localism and Centralization
1.5.5.7

7. Changing Face of Higher Education
1.5.6

Unit 15　Dominant Values and Religious Beliefs
1.5.6.1

1. Dominant American Values
1.5.6.2

2. Religion in America
1.5.7

Unit 16　Sports and Media
1.5.7.1

1. Sports in America
1.5.7.2

2. Media in America
1.5.8

Unit 17　Life, Work, and Social Welfare
1.5.8.1

1. The Diverse Life
1.5.8.2

2. Work and in the Workplace
1.5.8.3

3. Americans and Social Welfare
1.5.9

Unit 18　The Federal Holidays
1.5.9.1

1. New Year’s Day
1.5.9.2

2. Martin Luther King Jr. Day
1.5.9.3

3. Presidents’ Day （Washington’s Birthday）
1.5.9.4

4. Memorial Day
1.5.9.5

5. Independence Day （Fourth of July）
1.5.9.6

6. Labor Day
1.5.9.7

7. Columbus Day
1.5.9.8

8. Veterans’ Day
1.5.9.9

9. Thanksgiving
1.5.9.10

10. Christmas
1.5.10

Unit 19　Literature ＆ Men of Letters
1.5.10.1

1. Colonial Literature （1607–1776）
1.5.10.2

2. Early American Literature （1776–1820）
1.5.10.3

3. Romanticism and Transcendentalism （1820–1865）
1.5.10.4

4. Realism and Regionalism （1865–1914）
1.5.10.5

5. American Modernism （1914–1945）
1.5.10.6

6. Postwar Literature （1945–1970）
1.5.10.7

7. Contemporary Literature （1970 to Present）
1.5.11

Bibliography（U.K.）
1.5.12

Bibliography（U.S.）
1.5.13

000

1.4.3 Unit 3　Political System

Unit 3　Political System

Objectives

1. To understand that the U.K. is a unitary country;

2. To understand the differences between the district government and the central government;

3. To learn about the monarch, Parliament, and the cabinet and their functions respectively.