Exercises
Text Comprehension
I.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false.
1.There is no shortage of schools for chief executive officers.
2.For a company，the loss of a CEO means the loss of some sense，even temporarily，of its identity and direction.
3.The CEO's approach to leadership is determined by how he or she can best add value to the company.
4.The leadership approach varies from one CEO to another because it is largely a reflection of personal style.
5.Human-assets CEOs don't focus their attention on strategy formulation but on the creation of a universe of satellite CEOs who can act and make decisions at their own level of the organization.
II.Answer the following questions.
1.What is the job of a CEO？
2.Is it a surprise to you that the research shows that between 35% and 50% of all CEOs are replaced within five years？Why or why not？
3.What was the goal of the study we made of how senior executives lead two years ago？
4.What type of CEOs devote approximately 80% of their time to matters external to the organization's operations？
5.What is the job of the CEOs who use the box approach？
Vocabulary
I.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right.
1.at hand a.take up the cause，ideology，practice，method of someone and use it as one's own
2.strategy b.（of insurance policies，etc）due for payment
3.adhere to c.to disagree with something such as a plan or system
4.mature d.（state of）exact likeness or sameness
5.immersion e.give（sb）formal authority to hold（a position，etc）；appoint
6.externals f.easy to reach；nearby
7.adopt g.outward features or appearances
8.be opposed to h.baptism by putting the whole body under water
9.identity i.（art of）planning and directing an operation in a war or campaign
10.constitute j.act in accordance with sth；follow sth
II.Determine the exact meaning of each of the underlined words and translate each sentence into Chinese.
1.The proposition is so clear that it needs no explanation.
2.I made what I hoped was an attractive proposition.
3.Keeping a shop in this village is not a paying proposition.
4.She was propositioned several times in the course of the evening.
5.She was very prompt in answering my letter.
6.The accident prompted her to renew her insurance.
7.The speaker was rather hesitant and had to be prompted occasionally by the chairman.
8.There was a distinct sense of embarrassment in the air.
9.Astronomy，as distinct from astrology，is an exact science.
10.I had the distinct impression that I was being watched.
11.The new manager was delegated to reorganize the department.
12.A boss must know how to delegate.
13.They drafted him to serve as their delegate.
14.She was quite explicit about why she left.
15.There are quite a few explicit sex scenes in the film.
III.Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word given in brackets.
1.There were three circumstances in particular which made me think that its rare________above ground was the outcome of a long-continued underground habit.（emerge）
2.Poetry，therefore，is a more________and a higher thing than history:for poetry tends to express the universal，history the particular.（philosophy）
3.They question the ethics of intense________by colleges that reject the overwhelming majority of applicants.（recruit）
4.When the book was published，the energy and________caught the popular imagination.（explicit）
5.He drew a quite artificial________between men and women readers.（distinct）
6.His speech is________，his vocabulary limited.（mature）
7.The committee is________of members of all three parties.（constitute）
8.They are pushing hard to improve their________nuclear capabilities.（strategy）
9.This includes skills about how to integrate these products with each other，as well as with existing systems，and how to________solutions running on them.（optimal）
10.As much as we tried to minimize expenses，we faced one________obstacle:The rent was too damn high.（surmount）
11.Personal ingenuity flourishes when there is a strong structural foundation in place—when people know exactly what is________of them.（expect）
12.But establishing which rules are non-negotiable，and making sure that everyone understands them with________clarity，is a matter of fairness.（crystal）
13.Like the________，a leader must take responsibility for what he cultivates；he must mind his work，try to repel enemies，preserve what can be preserved，and eliminate what cannot succeed.（garden）
14.Women now comprise more than 40 percent of employees in services such as________，finance，and private equity，far more than in the past.（consult）
15.One reason why women fail to reach the top management positions of professional services firms is that they face a set of challenges not________encountered by men.（type）
IV.Fill in the blanks，each using one of the words in its appropriate form.
certain ascertain external internal oppose opposite
Model:I have told them with absolute certainty there'll be no change of policy.
1.All the cars driving in the________direction had their headlights on.
2.The dispositions of an enemy are________through spies and spies alone.
3.The coach says his team is not underestimating the________.
4.Vitamins can be applied________to the skin.
5.He looked up at the buildings________，but could see no open window.
6.Through doing this，the teacher will be able to________the extent to which the child understands what he is reading.
7.The main________parties boycotted the election，saying it would not be conducted fairly.
8.When you________compassion into a set of rules and laws，what you're left with isn't compassion at all.
9.Mr.Taylor was not bitter toward those who had________him.
10.It goes against our intuition，but we have to learn to force ourselves to understand，accept，and even embrace that we live in a complex，very messy，very________world.
11.All that the tourists see are the________of our faith.
12.Fear comes from________of the unknown.It happens to all of us.
13.The fundamental cause of the development of a thing lies in its________contradictoriness.
14.We must________extravagant eating and drinking and pay attention to thrift and economy.
15.Idealism is________to materialism.
V.Choose the right word to complete each sentence.
1.Each individual developed a set of strategies________to her career ambitions，situation and personality.
A.trailed B.tailored C.tended D.tainted
2.Nearly every woman found it challenging to thrive in a masculine culture while still feeling________.
A.authentic B.right C.authoritative D.eccentric
3.Many women emphasized the value of finding a job that fits your________:“If you don't get a deep sense of satisfaction from your work，it's not worth it，”said one interviewee.
A.pensions B.abilities C.passions D.concerns
4.A senior partner at a financial services consulting firm noted that“the key thing for me that makes it work is that I like the job so much.I am energized by my job，so I don't leave feeling________.”
A.disappointed B.drained C.dulled D.ashamed
5.Women commonly make the mistake of believing that merit is enough.They assume that a good job will be noticed，________and appreciated—and will ultimately lead to promotions.
A.distributed B.contributed C.completed D.attributed
6.In the 1890s，Henry Ford came up with the Ford Quadricycle，a vehicle made up of a frame________on four large bicycle wheels with an ethanol-powered engine.
A.connected B.mounted C.fastened D.attached
7.You must be very careful.The work________precision.
A.retails B.repels C.retails D.entails
8.“Be careful！One of the lions got________！”shouted the zookeeper.
A.lost B.loose C.loosened D.lose
9.The farmers received a________from the government to grow his crop.
A.allowance B.subsidy C.subsidiary D.prize
10.I don't have the key，so I have to use________to open this locked door.
A.strength B.vigor C.force D.energy
11.Lacking________political goals，the two parties quarreled.
A.intricate B.coherent C.intrinsic D.distinct
12.Working far away from his home，he had to________from Oxford to London every day.
A.wander B.walk C.commute D.ramble
13.I've heard that you are going to________the boss's job when she retires.
A.put up B.put out to C.put in for D.put on
14.The scene is so beautiful that it________my power of description.
A.ascends B.descends C.transcends D.traverses
15.The________wind in this area is from the northeast.
A.controlling B.reigning C.prevailing D.ruling
Cloze
Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.
The way____1__a paternalistic leader works is by acting as a father figure by taking care of their subordinates as a parent would.In this style of leadership the leader supplies complete concern for his followers or workers.____2__he receives the complete trust and____3__of his people.Workers under this style of leader are expected to become totally____4__to what the leader believes and will not strive off and work____5__.The____6__between these co-workers and leader are____7__solid.The workers are expected to stay with a company for a longer period of time because of the loyalty and trust.Not only do they treat each other like family inside the work force，but outside too.These workers are able to go to each other with any problems they have____8__something because they believe in what they say is going to truly help them.
One of the____9__to a paternalistic leader is that the leader could start to___10___favorites in decisions.This leader would include the workers more apt to follow and start to exclude the ones who were___11___loyal.In today's market paternalism is more difficult to___12___according to Padavic and Earnest who wrote Business Dimensional and Organizational Counseling.They believe this because there are more lay-offs and stronger unionization.This affects paternalistic leaders because the co-workers may not believe that their jobs are 100%___13___.When this happens，workers begin to look for bigger and better job opportunities instead of staying at one company for a longer period of time.Because of this，the leader may be thinking that you could be leaving and not fully believe you when you tell them something about a job opportunity.This could put the workers and leader at risk for a bad situation.
According to B.M.Bass who wrote Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations，workers who follow paternalistic leadership also have better organization skills.The leader encourages organization because they allow the workers to complete tasks so that they can stay on top of their work.Completing tasks boosts workers'self-confidence and makes them work harder to reach a goal and exceed the goal to prove to their boss they are working hard.Having this style of leadership can also help implement a___14___system.This system will allow their workers to work even better because there is something for them at the end of the tunnel.While doing this they will also be able to accomplish more work in a___15___time frame.
1.A.which B.of C.how D./
2.A.For return B.In turn C.In return D.As return
3.A.support B.loyalty C.admiration D.friendliness
4.A.engaged B.focused C.convinced D.committed
5.A.independently B.dependently C.jointly D.effectively
6.A.relationship B.relation C.contact D.communication
7.A.seldom B.rarely C.hardly D.extremely
8.A.regarding B.regardless of C.as regards D.in regard
9.A.downsizes B.merits C.upsides D.downsides
10.A.play B.make C.have D.find
11.A./ B.less C.more D.extremely
12.A.come at B.come up with C.come by D.come across
13.A.assured B.insured C.ensured D.ascertained
14.A.award B.prize C.reward D.penalty
15.A.sit B.set C.seat D.setting
Grammar
I.Choose the best answer to define the type of the adverbial italicized in each of the following sentences.
Model:Can you see without your glasses？
A.concession B.cause C.purpose D.condition
Key:D
1.He talked his wife into buying a car.
A.accompaniment B.cause C.purpose D.result
2.With all his efforts，he lost the match.
A.concession B.way C.accompaniment D.condition
3.United，we stand；divided，we fall.
A.concession B.cause C.purpose D.condition
4.The box is too heavy for me to lift.
A.concession B.cause C.result D.condition
5.With more money I would be able to buy it.
A.concession B.cause C.purpose D.condition
6.He saves on behalf of his son.
A.concession B.cause C.purpose D.condition
7.Weather permitting，we'll have the match tomorrow.
A.concession B.time C.purpose D.condition
8.Laughed at by everybody，he had my sympathy.
A.concession B.cause C.purpose D.condition
9.He went to Africa in 1963，never to come back.
A.result B.cause C.purpose D.condition
10.He cupped his ear to hear better.
A.result B.cause C.purpose D.condition
11.He went to the south in search of a better life.
A.manner B.cause C.purpose D.condition
12.For all his money，he's a very lonely man.
A.concession B.cause C.purpose D.condition
13.You must pay the bill in cash.
A.manner B.cause C.purpose D.condition
14.He ran up to her breathing heavily.
A.concession B.cause C.result D.accompaniment
15.He was surprised at what she said.
A.concession B.cause C.time D.condition
II.Rewrite each of the following sentences by replacing the underlined part with a proper adverb.
Example:
Original:It is not a surprise to us that they have decided not to pursue the deal.
Rewritten:Unsurprisingly ，they have decided not to pursue the deal.
1.It is admitted that Frank is reliable.
2.It is painful to us all that she proves to be a liar.
3.It can be understood that China's long-term modernization program emphasizes economic growth.
4.It is not hard to conceive that even the comfort of the bottle might fail him in this supreme crisis.
5.It is really an irony —his cold got better on the last day of his holiday.
III.Choose the best one to complete each sentence.
1.________we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister.
A.Whatever B.However C.Whenever D.Whichever
2.Hard-working though he was，________there was never enough money to pay the bills.
A./ B.but C.and D.however
3.I got in touch with Charles________I received his letter.
A.as immediate as B.soon C.immediately D.suddenly
4.We were just________calling you up________you came in.
A.about；when B.on the point of；while
C.on the point of；when D.to the point of；as
5.Mr.Saddam Hussein had to go with the American soldiers，________.
A.no matter he likes or not B.no matter he should like it or not
C.no matter whether he likes or not D.no matter he may like it or not
6.________，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A.However the story is amusing B.No matter amusing the story is
C.However amusing the story is D.No matter how the story is amusing
7.Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind，________they hunt them for food.
A.if B.while C.unless D.but for
8.________he thought he was helping us with the work，he was actually in the way.
A.Although B.Despite C.Unless D.When
9.Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours in every 24 hours，and they sleep less________they grow older.
A.when B.after C.as D.while
10.I have been keeping the portrait________I can see it every day，as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris.
A.since B.where C.so as to D.when
Translation
I.Translate the following into Chinese.
When men and women come together in groups，they tend to adopt different leadership styles.Men generally assume an agentic leadership style.They are task-oriented，active，decision focused，independent and goal oriented.Women，on the other hand，are generally more communal when they assume a leadership position；they strive to be helpful towards others，warm in relation to others，understanding，and mindful of others'feelings.In general，when women are asked to describe themselves to others in newly formed groups，they emphasize their open，fair，responsible，and pleasant communal qualities.They give advice，offer assurances，and manage conflicts in an attempt to maintain positive relationships among group members.Women connect more positively to group members by smiling，maintaining eye contact and respond tactfully to others'comments.Men，conversely，describe themselves as influential，powerful and proficient at the task that needs to be done.They tend to place more focus on initiating structure within the group，setting standards and objectives，identifying roles，defining responsibilities and standard operating procedures，proposing solutions to problems，monitoring compliance with procedures，and finally，emphasizing the need for productivity and efficiency in the work that needs to be done.As leaders，men are primarily task-oriented，but women tend to be both task-and relationship-oriented.However，it is important to note that these sex differences are only tendencies，and do not manifest themselves within men and women across all groups and situations.
II.Translate the following into English by using the words or phrase provided in brackets.
1.为了能解释这一点，他们假定银河系中一定包含了大量无法探测到的不明物质。（hypothesize）
2.他三十岁时初露锋芒，担任了领袖。（emerge）
3.要在竞争中生存下来，公司不应该消极应变，而应当先发制人。（proactive）
4.阅读时手头有一本词典是很方便的。（at hand）
5.他有精神病，不能对自己的行为负责。（accountable）
Speaking
I.Mini-talk.
Please give a mini-talk on the topic“Who has the final say in my family”.
II.Discussion.
Please have a group discussion about the topic“Why women leaders are outnumbered by male leaders in almost every industry？”