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1.The friction between Procter ＆ Gamble and Gillette is unavoidable because they have deepseated differences in values and mission.

2.In fact，cultural hurdles between Procter ＆ Gamble and Gillette are easy to overcome due to their strong technological and strategic advantages.

3.The goal of the experiment made by economists Colin Camerer and Roberto Weber in 2003 is to capture the essence of culture clash.

4.Gillette and P＆G have resolved many of their cultural differences without spending much time and money.

5.Empathy and understanding play a very important role in overcoming culture clash.

II.Answer the following questions.

1.What did Warren Buffett and A.G.Lafley think of the merger of Procter ＆ Gamble and Gillette？

2.What front-page story did the Wall Street Journal run about Procter ＆ Gamble and Gillette in 2007？

3.What is the source of friction between Procter ＆ Gamble and Gillette？

4.How did the original employees and the new employees rate the manager in the questionnaire handed out after the experiment？

5.When things aren't going well，what do we tend to blame？

I.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right.

1.strip　　　a.take（sb/sth）as a prisoner

2.friction　　　b.the way in which something such as a town，garden，or building is arranged

3.acquire　　　c.with various parts fitting well together

4.hurdle　　　d.（cause sth to）remain almost at boiling-point

5.illustration　　　e.buy another company or part of a company

6.tendency　　　f.（in athletics or horse-racing）each of a series of upright frames to be jumped over in a race

7.capture　　　g.rubbing of one surface or thing against another

8.simmer　　　h.take off（clothes，coverings，parts，etc）from sb/sth；take away（property，honours，etc）from sb

9.integrated　　　i.visual representation（a picture or diagram）that is used to make some subject more pleasing or easier to understand

10.layout　　　j.a general direction in which something tends to move

II.Determine the exact meaning of each of the underlined words and translate each sentence into Chinese.

1.She has a slow，deliberate way of talking.

2.She said it deliberately to provoke me.

3.We had no time to deliberate on the problem.

4.The force of friction affects the speed at which spacecraft can re-enter the earth's atmosphere.

5.There is a great deal of friction between the management and the work force.

6.Complications set in，and the patient died.

7.I have enough complication in my life without having to look after your sick pets！

8.Please convey my good wishes to your mother.

9.Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.

10.He has a complex about his weight.

11.This project involves a lot of complex technical problems.

12.It would be difficult to figure out the losses at this time.

13.He couldn't figure out the last problem on the arithmetic test.

14.It's difficult to figure out why she said those things at the meeting.

15.The skater executed a perfect set of figures.

III.Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word given in brackets.

1.Our research suggests that winning cultures are________of two interrelated and reinforcing elements.（comprise）

2.This unique identity not only made flying Southwest fun for passengers，it made its labor force more________.（produce）

3.Flight________，not cleaning crews，cleaned aircraft between flights，reducing time at the gate and improving on-time performance.（attend）

4.The castle will undergo extensive and costly________.（renovate）

5.He was one of the most creative and________engineers of his generation.（innovate）

6.Winning cultures treat performance as an explicit output and foster an environment that is________to generating the best possible results—not just for employees，but for customers，suppliers，and，yes，even shareholders.（conduce）

7.When a merger or________unexpectedly heads south，the costs are painfully clear.（acquire）

8.In a culture clash，the companies'fundamental ways of working are so different and so easily misinterpreted that people feel frustrated and anxious，leading to________and defections.（morale）

9.The most experienced acquirers，however，have developed a set of practical，effective tools for________cultural integration.（facility）

10.If cross-selling product lines is a key to the merger's success，________the salesforce culture will be essential.（integrate）

11.Building a productive work environment that attracts and keeps________employees will help you meet the objectives of your business.（talent）

12.A negative work environment can affect client satisfaction as customers can sense discord and employee________.（rival）

13.Allowing employees to take an active role in business planning can make them feel________and increase company loyalty.（value）

14.Although a________résumémay indicate an employee's experience，that shouldn't be the only factor that determines his or her ability to fit into your company.（polish）

15.Changing a culture involves influencing people's deepest beliefs and most________behaviors.（grain）

IV.Fill in the blanks，each using one of the words in its appropriate form.

Model:This train conveys both passengers and goods.

1.Community involvement is now________to company strategy.

2.Officials________that rivalry between leaders of the various drug factions could erupt into full scale war.

3.Smoking is becoming increasingly________among younger women.

4.Both automobiles and bicycles offer a convenient means of public________，with one of the marked difference between the two centered on pollution caused by the former.

5.It is________the GDP of this city will reach＄300 billion next year.

6.The aim is to promote closer economic________.

7.He inspires affection and respect as a man of unquestionable________.

8.He didn't________successfully into the Italian way of life.

9.I watched in amazement，seeing how the pieces fell into these small boxes on a very small________.

10.Investors were storing up a lot of cash in________of disaster.

11.The________of the Soviet Union deprived western intelligence agencies of their main enemies.

12.They were very surprised by the________of anti-graft sentiments.

13.This computer program can be________with existing programs.

14.Colours like red________a sense of energy and strength.

15.Can all our efforts towards morality________over the forces of evil？

V.Choose the right word to complete each sentence.

1.On hearing the________of the school bell，the lively and noisy pupils flooded into the teaching building.

A.clasp　B.clash　C.clang　D.clamour

2.The car stopped within a________of an inch of the wall.

A.fraction　B.friction　C.fracture　D.fragility

3.She's much________to outbursts of temper.

A.giving　B.taken　C.taking　D.given

4.Her son's letter________all her fears and anxiety.

A.disparaged　B.dissipated　C.disseminated　D.dispersed

5.Next week will be particularly________as we've just lost our secretary.

A.worried　B.fraught　C.frustrated　D.anxious

6.A further________was Fred's refusal to travel by air.

A.complex　B.complexity　C.compliance　D.complication

7.The duck's feathers________water immediately.

A.shelter　B.shade　C.shed　D.shield

8.He invited her to his laboratory to see if she could________the experiment.

A.repel　B.repent　C.replicate　D.repress

9.Make sure the passengers are________into their seats before driving off.

A.stripped　B.stranded　C.strapped　D.slapped

10.It's not easy to________a baby's smile in a photograph.

A.capture　B.arrest　C.grab　D.grasp

11.We reached the open sea and the coast________into the distance.

A.receded　B.retreated　C.withdrew　D.reconciled

12.There is a strange________between the old lady and her grandson.

A.sympathy　B.syndrome　C.empathy　D.homeopathy

13.Is this painting________to Michelangelo？

A.contributive　B.distributive　C.attributable　D.attributive

14.“Commit a crime”is a typical________in English.

A.collision　B.collocation　C.collaboration　D.conglomeration

15.In Britain pornography was once sold under the________.

A.counter　B.cupboard　C.cabin　D.castle

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.

In Chinese society，the younger generation always shows their respect to the older generation by offering a cup of tea.Inviting their elders to go to restaurants and having some tea is a traditional activity on holidays.In the past，people of____1__rank served tea to higher-ranking people.Today，as Chinese society becomes more____2__，sometimes parents may pour a cup of tea for their children，or a boss may____3__pour tea for subordinates at restaurants.However，the lower-ranking person should not expect the higher-ranking person to serve him or her tea on formal occasions.

When sons and daughters leave home because of work____4__get married，they may have few__5__to visit their parents，and parents may seldom meet their grandchildren as well.____6__，going to restaurants and drinking tea becomes an important activity for family____7__.Every Sunday，Chinese restaurants are crowded，especially when people celebrate festivals.This phenomenon reflects Chinese family values.

In Chinese culture，people make serious apologies to others by____8__tea for them.For example，children's serving tea to their parents is a sign of regret and____9__.

In the traditional Chinese marriage ceremony，both the bride and groom kneel in front of their parents and serve them tea.That is the most___10___way to express their gratitude.In front of their parents，it is a practice for the married couple to say，“Thank you for___11___us up.Now we are getting married.We owe it all to you.”The parents will usually drink a small___12___of the tea and then give them a red envelope，which symbolizes good luck.Another___13___is that the bride serve tea to the groom's parents，___14___that she is to become a___15___of the latter's family.

1.A.inferior　B.superior　C.lower　D.low

2.A.liberal　B.literal　C.liberated　D.lateral

3.A.never　B.ever　C.either　D.even

4.A.and　B.to　C.or　D./

5.A.time　B.opportunity　C.chance　D.times

6.A.In contrast　B.Nevertheless　C.Therefore　D.Thereof

7.A.unity　B.gatherings　C.union　D.unification

8.A.pouring　B.picking　C.buying　D.emptying

9.A.omission　B.subordination　C.commission　D.submission

10.A.devout　B.devour　C.devious　D.deviant

11.A.raising　B.bringing　C.taking　D.feeding

12.A.portion　B.potion　C.gulp　D.cup

13.A.variant　B.variance　C.variation　D.variety

14.A.standing for　B.symbolizing　C.symbolic of　D.representative of

15.A.part　B.girl　C.daughter　D.wife

I.Rewrite each of the following sentences by changing the adverbial participle phrases into proper adverbial clauses.

Model:Not knowing his telephone number，Mary had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.

Key:Because she did not know his telephone number，Mary had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.

1.Taken good care of，the homeless child is living a happy life.

2.Health permitting，I will go and visit you.

3.Not having been invited to the party，Joan was greatly hurt.

4.Given more care，the flowers could have grown better.

5.Having lost the key，the boy couldn't enter his house.

6.Walking down the street the other day，I saw a terrible accident.

7.The president being absent，they had to put off the ceremony.

8.Leaving some questions unanswered，the man said goodbye to us.

9.The meeting being over，we all left the hall.

10.While crossing the street，you should look around.

II.Replace the underlined adverb in each of the following sentences with an appropriate prepositional phrase.

Original:They trafficked in smuggled goods openly.

Revised:They trafficked in smuggled goods in an open manner.

1.The rain was heavy.Consequently ，the land was flooded.

2.She was far beneath him socially.

3.She eagerly embraced the offer of a trip to Europe.

4.The President's speech was broadcast nationally.

5.We went ashore when the boat reached the port.

III.Choose the best one to complete each sentence.

1.He ran on the playground，sweat________down his face.

A.rolled　B.rolling　C.was rolling　D.having rolled

2.________some students，the professor entered the lab.

A.Following by　B.Following after　C.Follow　D.Followed by

3.Tom stood at the door，his hands________behind his head.

A.crossed　B.having crossed　C.crossing　D.were crossed

4.________where to go，the little boy asked a policeman for help.

A.Didn't know　B.Knowing not　C.Not knowing　D.Not to know

5.________the letter，she went on to listen to the radio.

A.Answered　B.Having answered　C.Answering　D.After answered

6.________ten more minutes，I will finish the work better.

A.Give　B.Being given　C.Give me　D.Given

7.Hewas sitting there，________in deep thought.

A.lost　B.being lost　C.losing　D.and losing

8.________to stay in Beijing，the boy decided not to return to his village.

A.Having been told B.Having told　C.Being told　D.Been told

9.The cup fell down to the ground，________.

A.broken　B.broke　C.and broken　D.being broken

10.________ten hours a day，he will still be a fool.

A.To train　B.Training　C.Trained　D.Having trained

I.Translate the following into Chinese.

Culture shock is the personal disorientation a person may feel when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country，a move between social environments，or simply travel to another type of life.One of the most common causes of culture shock involves individuals in a foreign environment.Culture shock can be described as consisting of at least one of four distinct phases:Honeymoon，Negotiation，Adjustment，and Mastery.

The most common problems include:information overload，language barrier，generation gap，technology gap，skill interdependence，formulation dependency，homesickness，infinite regress，boredom，response ability.There is no true way to entirely prevent culture shock，as individuals in any society are personally affected by cultural contrasts differently.

II.Translate the following into English by using the words or phrase provided in brackets.

1.这些建筑物和周围的自然景物相融合，浑然一体。（integrate）

2.壁纸（的颜色）和地毯（的颜色）不和谐。（clash）

3.我书面考试已经及格了，下一个难关是面试。（hurdle）

4.老板对他什么也没说，只是他那沉默有点意义无穷。（fraught）

5.最近的研究对该病的病因已有新的了解。（shed light on）

As a foreign language learner，you must have a certain story about culture shock.Please share with us one of such stories.

An enjoyable work environment attracts and keeps talented employees.Employees who feel valued are more likely to meet work expectations without grumbling.A negative work environment can also affect client satisfaction as customers can sense discord and employee rivalry.However，a positive corporate culture can enhance business operations and profit.