四、Section D

Section D是短文（Passage），字数大约为120～150词。短文后面有5个根据短文内容提出的问题，每个问题的答案均以未完成的方式出现在答题纸上，要求考生根据所听到的内容用一个词或者最多不超过三个词的短语来完成每一个答案。短文与问题读两遍。短文内容题材广泛，贴近生活，但句子结构不太复杂。体裁包括记叙文、说明文和议论文。短文听力理解在整个听力测试部分中是难度最大的部分，因为这部分不仅篇幅长、信息量大，而且是主观题。这部分题可以归纳出以下几个特点：

1.考题的顺序与文中答案出现的顺序基本一致；

2.所有答案会在听力原文中提到，或者含蓄涉及；

3.填写的答案与原句必须保持一致，并确保在结构上和意义上都是通顺的。

答题思路：

1.浏览材料、把握大意、猜测答案。听音前，应迅速浏览试题的书面材料，要通读全文，跳过空格，这样就可以整体上把握全文的基本意思。

2.听第一遍时，要努力听清，并适当在草纸上以速记的方式做些简短的记录。速记可用自己习惯的方式，如没有速记方面的训练，那只记重要单词的首字母就可以帮助提示自己。注意不能纠缠某一个词或句子，听不清的地方要勇于放弃，留给下一遍听的时候再说，以免影响接下来的听力内容。

3.注意细节、书写认真。听第二遍时，要快速写下内容，如果书写太慢，就要用自己看得懂的方式速记，待听音结束后加以整理。

【典型考题分析】

典型考题1

Tina began to look for a new job.She went to the employment agency and filled out a form，but the agency was not able to find a place for her.Every day she looked at the help wanted advertisements in the newspapers.She also talked to her friends about getting a job.But there was one big problem：most jobs required experience，and she had very little experience.Finally she got a job as a saleswoman at a supermarket near her house.She was able to walk there.The pay wasn't good，but it was nicer than working in a factory.She liked being a saleswoman at first.After a few months，however，she found the job boring.She thought there would be no future for her to be a saleswoman.

1.Why did Tina come to employment agency？

To look for___________________________________________________________.

2.What did she do in the employment agency？

She filled out_________________________________________________________.

3.What was the problem with Tina？

She had little_________________________________________________________.

4.What job did she get at a supermarket？

A job as a____________________________________________________________.

5.How did she feel about her new job a few months later？

She felt it was very____________________________________________________.

1.【答案】a new job

【解析】细节题，Tina去employment agency是因为她要去找工作。

2.【答案】a form

【解析】细节题。注意填写答案的时候，是a form，本题容易忽略冠词a。

3.【答案】experience

【解析】细节题。短文中，有这样的句子：“But there was one big problem，most jobs required experience，and she had very little experience.”“experience”在文中出现2次，所以容易抓住，再根据上下文句意，则应该不会做错的。

4.【答案】saleswoman

【解析】细节题。如果听原文之前，浏览问题，就会猜测出本题应该是填写一个职业，文中只有一个职业那就是saleswoman。如果听出文中整个句子“Finally she got a job as a saleswoman at a supermarket near her house”那就最好了。

5.【答案】boring

【解析】细节题。浏览问题，就会猜测出是问她的感觉的。文中描述感觉的词只有一个boring适合本题。如听出原文中该句“After a few months，however，she found the job boring.”则答案顺理成章的就出来了。再结合后一句“She thought there would be no future for her to be a saleswoman”的意思，则可确定答案就是boring了。

在做该题之前，如果可以迅速浏览5个问题，就会对所要听到的内容有个大致的判断和猜测。如问题1，就可能会猜出是去找工作；对于问题2，知道fill out这个词组的意思，就会想到是填写表格之类的东西；对于问题3、问题4和问题5这三道题就不是那么容易猜出来了，但是如果认真听，听两遍，答对这几道题也不是难事，因为每道题只需要填写一个单词。需要格外注意的是问题4，一定注意是saleswoman，而不是salesman，即使填写的时候由于紧张和慌乱填写错误，也可以通过检查核对纠正过来，因为文中说到Tina时用的代词是she。

典型考题2

Of all the people around me，my mother is the dearest.I love her and I enjoy spending time with her.In the future when she grows old，I will still stay with her.In my country the sons and daughters usually live with their parents.So when the parents are old，they won't feel lonely.But in some other countries young people don't like to live with their parents.Some of them even think their parents are a burden to them.In my opinion，old people know a lot of things that can help us and teach us.Therefore I enjoy living with my mother，especially when she is old and needs more of my love and care.

1.What does the speaker think of her mother？

Her mother is the________________________________________person to her.

2.What does the speaker enjoy doing with her mother？

She enjoys___________________________________________________with her.

3.How will old people feel if they live alone？

They will feel__________________________________________________________.

4.Why do some young people dislike living with their parents？

Because they think the old parents are___________________________to them.

5.What does the speaker think of old people？

With their wide knowledge，they can_______________________young people.

1.【答案】dearest

【解析】根据短文中作者提到的第1句话“...my mother is the dearest.”（妈妈是我最亲近的人），因此，这里填入单词dearest。

2.【答案】spending time

【解析】听录音时要注意问题中提到的enjoy一词，答案就在该词之后。文中作者提到“...and I enjoy spending time with her.”（我喜欢和妈妈待在一起），故填入spending time。

3.【答案】lonely

【解析】本题听音关键是抓住含有feel“感觉”的句子。根据作者提到的“...they won't feel lonely”（他们不会感觉孤单），故填入形容词lonely。

4.【答案】a burden

【解析】根据短文中“Some of them even think their parents are a burden to them”（他们有些人甚至认为父母是他们的负担），可知答案为a burden。

5.【答案】help and teach

【解析】根据短文后面提到的作者对于老年人的看法“...old people know a lot of things that can help us and teach us”（老年人知道很多事情，他们可以引导帮助我们），故此处填入help and teach。

典型考题3

Last Christmas I went to Hollywood for two weeks.My best friend was living there.I traveled by plane to Los Angeles，which took 13 hours.My friend picked me up at the airport and drove me in her car back to Hollywood.At first I was disappointed at the city because it looked rather dirty.However，after I'd recovered from the flight，my friend started taking me to see some wonderful sights.She lived in a beautiful house up in the mountains.The place was very beautiful and seemed like a part of another city.She drove me through all the expensive areas where the houses are absolutely enormous.We went to Disneyland and spent a whole day there.I didn't think I would enjoy it very much，but I did.

1.How long did the speaker stay in Hollywood last Christmas？

She stayed there for___________________________________________________.

2.Where did the speaker meet her best friend？

She met her at________________________________________________________.

3.Why was the speaker disappointed when they drove to Hollywood？

Because the place looked rather_________________________________________.

4.Where was the speaker's friend's house？

It was located up in the________________________________________________.

5.How much time did they spend in Disneyland？

They spent_______________________________________________________there.

1.【答案】two weeks

【解析】根据短文开头部分出现的第1句话“Last Christmas I went to Hollywood for two weeks”，我们可以看出作者在好莱坞待了整整两周的时间。

2.【答案】the airport

【解析】本题问说话者和她最好的朋友在什么地方见面的，根据录音中作者提到的“My friend picked me up at the airport”（我朋友到机场接我），可见她们是在机场见面的。

3.【答案】dirty

【解析】本题听音关键是抓住含有disappointed的信息，作者提到“...I was rather disappointed at the city because it looked rather dirty”（我对这个城市很失望，因为它看起来很脏。），故应当填入单词dirty。

4.【答案】mountains

【解析】提问她朋友的房子在什么地方，录音中提到“She lived in a beautiful house up in the mountains”（她住在山上的一座大房子中），故应当填入单词mountains。

5.【答案】a whole day

【解析】问题是关于迪斯尼乐园的，关键是抓住含有“迪斯尼乐园”的信息，作者在后面提到“We went to Disneyland and spent a whole day there”，可见她们在迪斯尼乐园待了一整天。

典型考题4

Our dog Rex used to sit outside our front gate and bark.Every time he wanted to come into the garden he could bark until someone opened the gate.As the neighbors complained of the noise，my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in.Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.However，when I was going out shopping last week，I noticed him in the garden near the gate.This time he was barking so that someone would let him out！Since then，he has developed another bad habit.As soon as he opens the gate from outside，he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out.After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again.Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed that we haven't seen him since.

1.Why did Rex use to sit outside the front gate and bark？

Because he wanted to__________________________________________________.

2.How did the dog learn to open the gate？

My husband______________________________________________in doing that.

3.What bad habit did the dog form after that？

He comes into the garden and waits until________________________________.

4.How did Rex feel when the gate was removed？

Rex got______________________________________________________________.

5.What happened to the dog？

The dog____________________________________________________since then.

1.【答案】come into the garden

【解析】细节推理题。文中有“Every time he wanted to come into the garden he could bark until someone opened the gate”这个句子，就可以推理出来。

2.【答案】trained him

【解析】细节题。文中有“my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in”，自然就可以填上正确的答案了。

3.【答案】the gate shuts

【解析】细节推理题。听到bad habit之后，注意听并理解下面这句话：“As soon as he opens the gate from outside，he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.”就可以答对本题。

4.【答案】annoyed

【解析】细节题。文中听到这句话“Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed”就可以得出答案了。

5.【答案】disappeared

【解析】细节推理题。文中说“that we haven't seen him since”，应该可以推理出是disappeared。

典型考题5

The Chinese mainland is suggesting that a new pattern of trade could be developed with Taiwan，which will be similar to its arrangements with Hong Kong and Macao.The main goal of the proposal is to promote agricultural trade across the Straits.Ren Airong is director of Taiwan affairs under the Ministry of Agriculture.“Cross-straits trade can learn from the trade relations that currently exist between Hong Kong，Macao and the mainland，which give a good idea of how we can set up a closer partnership.We're willing to hold deeper consultations on this matter with Taiwan.”According to the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement，products with Hong Kong and Macao marks of origin are waived from tariffs when entering the mainland market.

1.The Chinese mainland is suggesting the development of a___________________with Taiwan.

2.The goal is to_________________________________________across the straits.

3.They can learn how to set up____________________________________________.

4.Chinese government is willing to________________________________________.

5.They are______________________________________________________________.

1.【答案】new trade pattern

【解析】细节题。中国大陆建议同台湾发展新的贸易形式：“The Chinese mainland is suggesting that a new pattern of trade could be developed with Taiwan，...”

2.【答案】promote agricultural trade

【解析】细节题。建议的主要目的是为了促进海峡两岸的农业贸易，短文的第2句就是，“The main goal of the proposal is to promote agricultural trade across the Straits.”

3.【答案】a closer partnership

【解析】同义推理题。你不能直接从原文中找到和问句一样的答案，而是要找出他们的同义表达，问的是通过对现有的大陆和香港、澳门的贸易关系的学习，海峡两岸的贸易将会怎样？可以建立更紧密的伙伴关系：“They can learn how to set up a closer partnership.”但在原文中这句话是在非限制性定语从句中。

4.【答案】hold deeper consultations

【解析】细节题，中国大陆愿意同台湾做进一步的磋商。

5.【答案】waived from tariffs

【解析】细节题。香港和澳门的产品进入大陆的市场有特殊政策，就是免除关税：“...products with Hong Kong and Macao marks of origin are waived from tariffs when entering the mainland market.”