参考文献
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2.Mayer，J.D.，&Salovey，P.（1997）.What is Emotional Intelligence？In P.Salovey&D.Sluyter（Eds.），Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence：Educational Implications（pp.331）.New York：Basic Books.
3.Lopes，P.N.，Grewal，D.，Kadis，J.，Gall，M.，&Salovey，P.（2006）.“Evidence that Emotional Intelligence is Related to Job Performance and Affect and Attitudes at Work.”Psicothema，18，132-138.
4.Caruso，D.R.，&Salovey，P.（2004）.The Emotionally Intelligent Manager.San Francisco，CA：Jossey-Bass.
5.Nisbett，R.E.（2003）.The Geography of Thought：How Asians and Westerners Think Differently…and Why.New York：The Free Press.
6.Wall Street Journal，January 23，2004
7.Relationship-Centered Leadership：Tom Wojick，a member of the Six Seconds’Network，developed a model for Relationship-Centered Leadership（RCL）which he presented at our Nexus EQ Conference Orlando，2004.
8.Annuncio，Susan（2005）.Contagious Success.
9.Damasio，Antonio（1994），Descartes’Error：Emotion，Reason，and the Human Brain，Avon Books.
10.Feldman Barrett，L.，&Salovey，P.（Eds.）.（2002）.The Wisdom in Feeling：Psychological Processes in Emotional Intelligence.New York：Guilford Press.
11.This chapter is adapted from our latest business case data，see www.6seconds.org/case-in 2004 we published Freedman，Everett，Wojick，“EQ at the Heart of Performance：The Business Case for Emotional Intelligence.”
12.Freedman，“Leading with a Whole New Mind：Daniel Pink' Memo for Tomorrow's Leaders，”August 2006（www.6seconds.org）.
13.Harvard Business Review，“Breakthrough Ideas for Tomorrow’s Business Agenda，”April 2003.
14.Joshua Freedman，“Workplace Issues Report，”Six Seconds2008，2010，2012（www.6seconds.org/wi）.
15.Freedman，Joshua and Fiedeldey-Van Dijk，Carina，（2003）.“The Climate for Performance：Effects of Emotional Climate on Workplace Performance，”in the Vital Signs Manual，Six Seconds（www.6seconds.org/tools/vs）.
16.Goleman，Daniel（1998）“Working With Emotional Intelligence.”New York：Bantam.
17.Gerald Mount，“The role of emotional intelligence in developing international business capability：EI provides traction.”In V.Druskat，F.Sala&G.Mount（Eds.），“Linking Emotional Intelligence and Performance at Work”（pp.97-124）.Mahwah，N.J.：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，2006.
18.Stein，S.J.，Papadogiannis，P.，Yip，J.A.，&Sitarenios，G.（2009）.“Emotional intelligence of leaders：A profile of top executives.”Leadership and Organization Development Journal，30（1），87-101.
19.Harvard Business Review，“Breakthrough Ideas for Tomorrow's Business Agenda，”April 2003.
20.P.Labarre（2001）.“Marcus Buckingham thinks your boss has an attitude problem.”Retrieved September 16，2008 from www.fastcompany.com.
21.C Dulewicz，M Young，&V.Dulewicz，“The relevance of emotional intelligence for leadership performance.”Journal of General Management，30（3），71-86，2005.
22.Clarke，N.（2010）.“Emotional intelligence and its relationship to transformational leadership and key project manager competences.”Project Management Journal，41（2），5-20.
23.Godse，A.S.，&Thingujam，N.S.（2010）.“Perceived emotional intelligence and conflict resolution styles among information technology professionals：Testing the mediating role of personality.”Singapore Management Review，32（1），69-83.
24.Bar On，Reuven and Orme，Geetu，（2003），reported in Orme and Langhorn，“Lessons learned from implementing EI programmes”pp 32-39，Competency&Emotional Intelligence，Volume 10，2003.
25.Mc Clelland，D.C.（1998）.“Identifying competencies with behavioural event interviews.”Psychological Science，9（5）331340.
26.Cavallo，Kathleen（2002），“Emotional Competence and Leadership Excellence at Johnson&Johnson：The Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Study，”Consortium for Research on Emotional Intelligence in Organizations（CREIO）.
27.Kidwell，R.E.and S.R.Valentine：2008，“Positive Group Context，Work Attitudes，and Organizational Misbehavior：The Case of Withholding Job Effort.”Journal of Business Ethics.Published Online 4 June，2008.
28.Joseph，J.，Berry，K.，&Deshpande，S.P.（2009）.“Impact of emotional intelligence and other factors on perception of ethical behavior of peers.”Journal of Business Ethics，89，539-546.doi：10.1007/s10551-008-0015-7.
29.Deshpande，S.P.（2009）.“A study of ethical decision making by physicians and nurses in hospitals.”Journal of Business Ethics，90，387-397.
30.Daniel Goleman，“Working With Emotional Intelligence.”New York：Bantam.1998.
31.Sy，Côté，&Saavedra，2005，as cited in Sigal Barsade&DE Gibson，“Why does affect matter in organizations？”Academy of Management Perspectives，36-59，2007.
32.Sigal Barsade，“The ripple effect：Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior.”Administrative Science Quarterly，47（4），644-675，2002.
33.Sigal Barsade&DE Gibson，“Why does affect matter in organizations？”Academy of Management Perspectives，36-59，2007.
34.Momemi，N.（2009）.“The relation between managersᑪemotional intelligence and the organizational climate they create.”Public Personnel Management，38（2），35-48.
35.Hakan Ozcelik，Nancy Langton，Howard Aldrich，（2008）“Doing well and doing good：The relationship between leadership practices that facilitate a positive emotional climate and organizational performance”，Journal of Managerial Psychology，Vol.23 Iss：2，pp.186-203.
36.Brundin，E.，Patzelt，H.，&Shepherd，D.A.（2008）.“Managers’emotional displays and employees’willingness to act entrepreneurially.”Journal of Business Venturing，23（2），221-243.
37.K.Elsbach&P.Barr，“Effects of mood on individuals’use of structure decision protocols.”Organization Science，10（2），181-198，1999.
38.Joshua Freedman and Carina Fiedeldey-Van Dijk，Ph.D.（2003）.“Speaking Out：What Motivates Employees to be More Productive”（www.6seconds.org）.
39.Heart Math，2003.
40.Pesuric&Byham，1996.
41.F.W.Brown&D.Moshavi，“Transformational leadership and emotional intelligence：a potential pathway for an increased understanding of interpersonal influence.”Journal of Organizational Behavior，26，867-871，2005.
42.Schneider，B（1999）“Understanding Customer Delight and Outrage，”Sloan Management Review Fall.Also see，T.O.Jones and W.E.Sasser，Jr.，“Why Satisfied Customers Defect，”Harvard Business Review，volume 73，November-December 1995，pp.88-99.
43.Jennings，S.and Palmer，B（2007），“Enhancing Sales Performance Through Emotional Intelligence Development，Organisations&People，”May 2007，Vol 14.No 2，and personal correspondence with Dr.Palmer.The salespeople in the study were selected because all were in the in the same revenue band starting at$460k/mo in sales.
44.Spencer&Spencer，1993；Spencer，Mc Clelland，&Kelner，1997（cited in Cherniss，2003）.
45.E.J.Rozell，C.E.Pettijohn&R.S.Parker（2006）.“Emotional Intelligence and Dispositional Affectivity as Predictors of Performance in Sales People.”
46.Organizational Vital Signs（OVS）is a validated measure of organizational climate.See www.6seconds.org/tools/vs.
47.Freedman，J（2003）“Case Study：Emotional Intelligence at the Sheraton Studio City Hotel，”Six Seconds.
48.Joshua Freedman，Jayne Morrison，Andreas Olsson（2010），“Leadership Success and Emotional Intelligence in the Middle East”（www.6seconds.org）.
49.Gerald Mount.“The role of emotional intelligence in developing international business capability：EI provides traction.”In V.Druskat，F.Sala&G.Mount（Eds.），“Linking Emotional Intelligence and Performance at Work”（pp.97-124）.Mahwah，N.J.：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，2006.
50.Lorenzo Fariselli，Joshua Freedman，Massimiliano Ghini MBA，Federica Valentini.“Stress，Emotional Intelligence，& Performance in Healthcare.”Six Seconds，2008.
51.Vigoda-Gadot，E.，&Galit，M.（2010）.“Emotions in management and the management of emotions：The impact of emotional intelligence and organizational politics on public sector employees.”Public Administration Review，72-86.
52.Reuven Bar-On（2010），“New US Air Force Study：EQ to Save$190 Million”（www.6seconds.org）and personal correspondence；study conducted with MHS（Toronto）.
53.Daniel Pink，quoted in Joshua Freedman，“Leading with a Whole New Mind：Interview with Daniel Pink，”www.6seconds.org，2006.
54.Leider，Richard J.（1997）“The Power of Purpose，”Berrett-Koehler.
55.Broder，Mark（1999）quoting Marcus Buckingham，“It’s the Manager，Stupid，”Fortune Magazine Oct 25.
56.Buckingham，Marcus and Coffman，Curt（1999）“First，Break All the Rules：What the World’s Greatest Managers Do Differently，”Simon&Schuster.
57.Climate and performance：This is one of many studies Six Seconds’team has conducted using Organizational Vital Signs assessment（www.6seconds.org/tools/vs）.The test examines five key aspects of climate including perceptions about leadership and about trust.These findings were reported in Fiedeldey-Van Dijk，Carina and Freedman，Joshua（2004），“Measuring the Effect of Climate on Performance.”
58.Hay/McBer Research and Innovation Group，1997.
59.Handley，Richard（1999），Conference Proceedings，Nexus EQ2003.
60.GAO“Military Recruiting：The Department of Defense Could Improve Its Recruiter Selection and Incentive Systems，”submitted to Congress January 30，1998.
61.American Hospital Association’s Trend Watch（www.aha.org），June 2001.
62.Buerhaus，Peter et al（2000），Journal of the American Medical Association，June 14.
63.Heart Math LLC at Delnor Hospital，using a training program that includes many emotional intelligence components，2002.
64.Kafetsios，K.，&Zampetakis，L.A.（2008）.“Emotional intelligence and job satisfaction：Testing the mediatory role of positive and negative affect at work.”Personality and Individual Differences，44，712-722.doi：10.1016/j.paid.2007.10.004.
65.Lorenzo Fariselli，Joshua Freedman，Massimiliano Ghini，“White Paper：Increasing Emotional Intelligence，”Six Seconds，2006.
66.Joshua Freedman and Marvin Smith，“White Paper：Emotional Intelligence for Athletes'Life Success，”Six Seconds（www.6seconds.org/tools/sei/research）2008.
67.Fast Company，“How Do You Feel，”June 2000.
68.Harvard Business Review，“Leading by Feel，”January 2004.
69.Avon Annual Report，2002.
70.Harvard Business Review，“Breakthrough Ideas for Tomorrow’s Business Agenda，”April 2003.
71.Freedman，J（2005）Interview with Daniel Goleman，Nexus EQ.
72.Freedman，J（2007）.“White Paper：Emotional Contagion，”www.6seconds.org，San Francisco：Six Seconds.
73.Emotional Literacy：My friend and colleague Ayman Sawaf created the Foundation for Education in Emotional Literacy（FEEL）in 1983.He is the co-author of Executive EQ，and the producer of 2 movies，a children’s show，and 21 children’s books on the subject（see www.Kids EQ.com）.
74.Plutchik Model：This graphic representation of the basic emotions appeared in Plutchik，Robert（2001）.“The Nature of Emotions，”American Scientist，July-August 2001.Figure reprinted by permission of American Scientist，magazine of Sigma Xi，The Scientific Research Society.
75.Evans，William M.D.，personal correspondence May 2006.Dr.Evans studies optimal human function and the link between physical，mental，emotional，and spiritual wellness in contemporary society.
76.“Infectious”or“Contagious”emotions is a“hot topic”in research right now.We have a White Paper on this on6seconds.org showing that one person’s emotions change another person’s，and the resultant feelings affect performance.Sigal Barsade is doing a great deal of research on this subject，for example see Barsade，S.G.（2002）.The Ripple Effect：Emotional Contagion and its Influence on Group Behavior.Administrative Science Quarterly，47（4），644-675.
77.David Caruso works with John Mayer and Peter Salovey，the pioneering scientists who showed that there is such a thing as emotional intelligence.They made a test that measures this“basic level”process of thinking and feeling working together，it is called the MSCEIT.David’s been a great ally to me and helped me understand how emotions and thinking really can work together I highly recommend taking the MSCEIT when you are ready to explore the core concepts of emotional intelligence（www.EQ store.com）.It’s some what abstract，so maybe better after you’ve worked on the subject for awhile.
78.Hijacking：See Le Doux，JE（1994）“Emotion，Memory，and the Brain”Scientific American or his web site：http：//www.cns.nyu.edu/home/ledoux/.
79.Dr.Salovey shared this perspective with me in a personal conversation at Nexus EQ South Africa in 2001.
80.Nonverbal communication：studies by Albert Mehrabian in the1970s at UCLA found that when communicating about preferences，likes/dislikes，and feelings，about 7%of the message is carried by words.Tone of voice accounts for 38%，and body language accounts for the remaining 55%percent.Mehrabian，A.（1981）.Silent messages：Implicit communication of emotions and attitudes（2nd ed.）.Belmont，California：Wadsworth.
81.Micro Expressions：Paul Ekman has made an extensive study of basic emotions across cultures.Each core emotion has specific muscles that are present in every culture.Ekman，P（2003）Emotions Revealed，New York：Times Books.
82.Damasio，A（1999）.The Feeling of What Happens：Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness.New York：Harcourt Brace.
83.Boyatzis，R and McKee，A（2005）.Resonant Leadership：Re-newing Yourself and Connecting with Others Through Mindful-ness，Hope，and Compassion.Boston：Harvard Business Press.
84.Seligman，M（1991）.Learned Optimism：How to Change Your Mind and Your Life.New York：Knopf.Note we use“Powerless”versus“Effort Possible.”Seligman’s third P is“Personal，”but I find“Powerless”to be more clear.
85.Optimism and Health：In Learned Optimism Martin Seligman reports several studies on the link between health and optimism.We’ve corroborated these findings with the Six Seconds Emotional Intelligence Assessment.Freedman，Ghini，Fiedeldey-Van Dijk（2005），Emotional Intelligence and Success.
86.Boyatzis，R and McKee，A（2005）.Resonant Leadership：Renewing Yourself and Connecting with Others Through Mindfulness，Hope，and Compassion.Boston：Harvard Business Press.
87.Seligman，M（1991）.Learned Optimism：How to Change Your Mind and Your Life.New York：Knopf.
88.World Health Organization（WHO）policy report，Health and Health Behavior Among Young People，2000.
89.Drinking：The Monitoring the Future Survey（www.monitoring the future.org）.
90.Drugs：Bachman，Jerald G.，Lloyd D.Johnston，and Patrick M.O’Malley.Monitoring the Future：A Continuing Study of American Youth（8th，10th，and 12th-Grade Surveys），1976-2003.
91.US Centers for Disease Control，Youth Risk Behavior Survey2004；World data from World Health Organization（WHO）policy report，Health and Health Behavior Among Young People，2000.
92.Rape：Compiled by Child Trends.org from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Surveillance Summaries.
93.Teen Television：Original analysis by Child Trends of Monitoring the Future Data，1990-2003.Teen video game playing：World Health Organization（WHO）policy report，Health and Health Behavior Among Young People，2000.
94.World Health Organization（WHO）policy report，Health and Health Behavior Among Young People，2000.
95.For example，the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health，which tracks 20，000 teens，found“Adolescent girls who are isolated from peers or whose social relationships are troubled are at greater risk for suicidal thoughts than are girls with close relationships to other adolescents.”Meanwhile suicide has risen to become the third leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults up to age 24.See Bearman，Peter S，American Journal of Public Health，January，2005.
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