Section C

Directions：There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

A father’s relationship to his child’s current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study.As a matter of fact，“life with father”has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child’s progress or lack of progress in school.

A recent survey of over 16，000 children made by the National Child Development Study in London revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outing did measurably better in school than those children whose fathers were not involved in those activities.The study， which monitored children born during a week in March，1992，from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling，further revealed that the children of actively involved fathers scored much higher in reading and maths than those children whose only involved parent was the mother.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by father in the raising of a child.It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated.Over 66%of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility.

The study also suggested that the greatest level of paternal parenting took place in the families of only child.As the number of children and financial obligations increases，the father’s apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased.However，no matter what the size or financial condition of the family， a father’s active participation in the child’s development made a definite difference in the child’s progress.

The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency（缺陷）of the child’s level in maths and reading，a father’s employment on night shifts appeared to have little effect on the child’s academic progress.The data from the study was obtained primarily through interviews from parents，teachers and physicians.The information evaluating the level of the fathers’ parenting performance was elicited（探出）primarily from the admittedly（公认地）subjective observations of their wives.

46.The main discovery made in the study was that____.

A）children in large families tend to do poorly in school

B）a father’s influence played a significant role in the level of the child’s academic progress

C）mothers were subjective in evaluating the roles played by fathers

D）there is a relationship between socioeconomic status and scholastic achievement

47.The data accumulated was obtained through____.

A）observation by social psychologists

B）conversations with mothers of the children

C）interviews，school records and physicians’reports

D）observations of fathers with their children

48.All of the children studied____.

A）attended the same school C）were at the same age

B）were in the same socioeconomic class D）knew each other

49.According to the passage，children who probably progress academically most were____.

A）those whose mothers gave them the most affection

B）those whose fathers worked the night shift

C）those who had no brothers or sisters

D）from one-parent families

50.Evidence indicated that a high percentage of fathers were involved in the parenting process which amounted to____.

A）about two-thirds of the fathers involved in the study

B）slightly less than half of the fathers studied

C）more than three-quarters of all the fathers

D）a little less than one hundred percent of all fathers

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Most people don’t leave their front door unlocked，and the same is true of their home Wi-Fi networks.But some believe that preventing access to your wireless Internet actually does more harm than good.Peter Eckersley of the Electronic Frontier Foundation，an organisation devoted to defending digital rights，is calling for an“Open Wireless Movement”and encouraging people to be“socially responsible”by sharing their connection.

Eckersley compares the current situation of locked-down networks to“finding yourself thirsty while everyone around you is sipping from nice tall glasses of iced water”，and offers a technological solution.We restrict access to our networks for two reasons：to prevent other people from using up our bandwidth，and to ensure our security.

He suggests we can still protect ourselves from both problems by using routers（路由器）that share a certain amount of bandwidth in the open while also providing an encrypted（加密的）connection for personal use，but such technology already exists，and people aren’t choosing to use it.

Perhaps the problem is not technological，but legal，as home users don’t want to be responsible for the activities of others on their network.Quite understandable，really.But Eckersley says that“individuals can enjoy the same legal protections against responsibility as any other Internet access provider”，but the law is far from clear in this area and differs from country to country.

In a footnote on his article，Eckersley says US law“may”offer protection，but that didn’t prevent a man who left his network open from being called a paedophile（恋童癖者）by armed police in his living room this past weekend.Courts in Germany have previously ruled that people can be fined if they allow unauthorised users to access illegal materials through their connection，while in the UK disputes over recent changes to the law leave the matter uncertain.

Perhaps these legal concerns can be overcome by turning to an unlikely role-model—Estonia，where access to the Internet is a legal human right.The country is blanketed in a network of free Wi-Fi access points in cafés，bars and other public locations，allowing people to easily get online almost anywhere.

So who wants to open up their network first？

51.What does the author say about the Electronic Frontier Foundation？

A）It encourages people to share their networks.

B）Its work is about protecting digital rights.

C）It is advocating an“Open Wireless Movement”.

D）Its main business is trading electronics.

52.One reason leading most people to lock their network is.

A）their lack of social responsibilities

B）the lack of technological support

C）their concerns about security

D）the slow speed of the shared network

53.What can be inferred from Eckersley’s words“individuals…Internet access provider”（Lines 2-3，Para.4）？

A）Laws protect home users of Internet from responsibilities.

B）Internet access providers take no responsibility for their users’illegal activities.

C）Home users enjoy the same rights as Internet access providers.

D）It is Internet access providers who should be responsible for their users’activities.

54.What information can be got about Estonia from the passage？

A）It restricts free access to Internet.

B）Free Wi-Fi is set up all over the country.

C）It is impossible for other countries to follow its suit.

D）Its people can get free Wi-Fi access almost everywhere.

55.What does the passage mainly talk about？

A）The benefit of sharing networks with other users.

B）The best way to protect one’s security on shared networks.

C）Should you share your Wi-Fi connection with others？

D）Why do home users need legal protection against responsibility？