Section C

Directions：There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Every day 25 million US children ride school buses.The safety record for these buses is much better than for passenger cars；but nevertheless，about 10 children are killed each year riding on large school buses，and nearly four times that number are killed outside buses in the loading zones.By and large，however，the nation’s school children are transported to and from school safely.

Even though the number of school bus casualties（死伤者）is not large，the safety of children is always of intense public concern.While everyone wants to see children transported safely，people are divided about what needs to be done—particularly whether seat belts should be mandatory（强制性的）.

Advocates of seat belts on school buses—many of them are parents and medical organisations—argue that seat belts are necessary not only to reduce death and injury，but also to teach children lessons about the importance of using them routinely in any moving vehicle.A side benefit，advocates point out，is that seat belts help keep children in their seats，away from the bus driver.

Opponents of seat belt installation suggest that children are already well protected by the school buses that follow the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s（NHTSA）safety requirements set in 1977.They also believe that many children won’t wear seat belts anyway，and that they may damage the belts or use them as weapons to hurt other children.

A new National Research Council report on school bus safety suggests that there are other safety devices and procedures that may be more effective and less expensive.For example，the study committee suggested that raising seat backs four inches may have the same safety effectiveness as seat belts.

The report sponsored by the Department of Transportation at the request of Congress reviews seat belts extensively while taking a broader look at safety in and around school buses.

46.What information can we get from the first paragraph？

A）School buses killed the smallest number of children in America.

B）School buses are much safer than passenger cars in America.

C）More than 60 children are killed outside buses in the loading zones every year.

D）Most children in America take school buses to and from school.

47.What do advocates of seat belts on school buses believe？

A）The use of seat belts can stop the death and injury.

B）Seat belts can make children quiet when the bus driver is working.

C）Seat belts can help children realise the importance of using them in moving vehicles.

D）Seat belts can teach children lessons about the importance of keeping away from drivers.

48.Why do some people oppose installing seat belts on school buses？

A）They worry the cost of installing seat belts on school buses is too high.

B）They think the seat belts are not the best choice to make children safe on school buses.

C）They think children are under good protection of the NHTSA’s safety requirements.

D）They worry the seat belts may become the tools for some children to hurt others.

49.What can be be inferred from the passage？

A）Many of the opponents of seat belt installation are parents and federal officials.

B）People have reached a consensus on taking measures to ensure children’s safety.

C）Raising seat backs four inches is cheaper and more feasible than seat belts.

D）The government will carry out the idea of installing seat belts on all school buses.

50.Which of the following is the best title for the passage？

A）Making School Buses Even Safer for Children

B）Seat Belts Needed on School Buses

C）Different Safety Devices and Procedures

D）Safety in and around School Buses

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Even before historian（历史学家）Joseph Ellis became a best-selling author，he was famous for his vivid lectures.In his popular courses at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts，he would often make classroom discussion lively by describing his own combat experiences in Vietnam.But as Ellis’s reputation grew—his books on the founding fathers have won both the prestigious National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize—the history professor began to entertain local and national reporters with his memories of the war.Last year，after The Boston Globe carried accounts of Ellis’s experiences in the Vietnam war，someone who knew the truth about Ellis revealed the truth.Last week The Boston Globe revealed that Ellis，famous for explaining the nation’s history，had some explaining to do about his own past.

“Even in the best of lives，mistakes are made，”said Ellis.It turned out that while the distinguished historian had served in the army，he’d spent his war years not in the jungles of Southeast Asia，but teaching history at West Point.He’d also exaggerated his role in the anti-war movement and even his high-school athletic records.His admission shocked colleagues，fellow historians and students who wondered why someone so accomplished would beautify his past.But it seems that success and truthfulness don’t always go hand in hand.Even among the distinguished achievers，security experts say，one in ten is deceiving—from empty boasting to more serious offenses such as plagiarism（剽窃），fictionalising military records，making up false academic certificates or worse.“And，oddly，prominent people who beautify the past often do so once they’re famous”，says Ernest Brod of Kroll Associates，which has conducted thousands of background checks.“It’s not like they use these lies to climb the ladder.”

Then what makes them do it？Psychologists say some people succeed，at least in part，because they are uniquely adjusted to the expectations of others.And no matter how well-known，those people can be haunted （萦绕在心头）by a sense of their own shortcomings.“From outside，these people look anything but weak，” says Dennis Shulman，a New York psychoanalyst.“But inside，they feel hollow，empty.”

51.What is said about Ellis in the first paragraph？

A）He was more famous when he taught at Mount Holyoke College.

B）He has told both students and reporters about his own experiences of the war.

C）His book on the Vietnam War has won two important prizes.

D）He has written a best-seller for a newspaper—The Boston Globe.

52.It is not revealed by the passage that Ellis lied about.

A）his role in the anti-war movement C）his family background

B）his athletic records in high school D）his own war experiences in Vietnam

53.What does the author mean by“success and truthfulness don’t always go hand in hand”（Lines 5-6，Para. 2）？

A）All the successful people are liars.

B）Once people become famous，they start lying.

C）Distinguished people tend to lie about their military experiences.

D）Sometimes even a prominent man may lie about his achievements.

54.What does Ernest Brod mean by“climb the ladder”？

A）To go further in beautifying one’s past. C）To cover one’s serious offenses.

B）To become more successful. D）To inquire into one’s background.

55.What does Dennis Shulman say about successful people who lie about themselves？

A）They can be easily hurt emotionally. C）They take pride in their weaknesses.

B）They have no sense of their shortcomings. D）They look weak to other people.