Section C

Passage One

整体预测

本短文三道题前两道题选项中重复出现的sleep，以及其中的decline，quality，weight， mind function和blood pressure表明，短文可能与睡眠有关，可能涉及睡眠质量的下降以及带 来的危害等。

名师点睛

The massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend.Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet，games and endless TV channels？Never disconnecting from work？No matter how it happened，[17]millions of Americans are putting their health，quality of life and even length of life in danger.

New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority.[17]Some 40%of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on weeknights.“The link between sleep and health，and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer，”says Lawrence Epstein，a sleep expert at Harvard University.For example，sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years.At the same time，high blood pressure has become an increasing problem.[18]Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep.People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure，heart attack，diabetes，weight gain and other problems.

Sleeping better may help fight off illness.“When people are sleep-deprived，there are higher levels of stress hormones

in their bodies which can decrease immune function，”says Dr.Phyllis Zee of Northwestern University in Chicago.

A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer.So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16.What is the speaker mainly talking about？

【解析】A）。短文开头提到，睡眠时间的大大缩短发生得如此缓慢和悄无声息，以至于似乎很少有人注意到这一趋势。接着提到新的证据说明为何足够的睡眠非常重要，并用两位教授的话和芝加哥一所大学的研究论证了这一点。由此可知，本文主要讲述睡眠对健康生活的重要性，故答案为A）。

17.What do we learn from the talk about today’s Americans？

【解析】C）。短文中提到，数以百万的美国人正在将他们的健康、生活质量甚至寿命置于危险之中，40%的美国人在工作日的晚上只有不到7个小时的睡眠时间。后面又提到，睡眠时间从20世纪50年代的8小时减少到了近年来的7小时。由此可知，如今的美国人睡眠时间在减少。C）是对原文中内容的概括总结，故为答案。

18.What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep？

【解析】D）。短文中提到，血压和心率在睡眠时通常是最低的。睡得少的人通常有高血压、心脏病、糖尿病和体重增加等其他一些问题。由此可知，缺少睡眠的人，血压会上升。D）是对短文中内容的同义转述，其中的rise对应短文中的higher。

Passage Two

整体预测

本短文三道题选项中的course，university，apply，application，scores，teachers，graduation， studying和subject表明，短文可能与大学有关，可能涉及大学申请和大学课程等。

名师点睛

Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university，but in the same breath we’ll remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.

[19]The first decision is your choice of course.It will depend on what you want to get out of university，what you are good at and what you enjoy.The next decision is where to apply.Aim high but within reason.Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements？The deadline is January 15th. But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.

[20]The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement.This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject.So economy of expression is foremost.Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.

Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives.It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it.[21]You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.

Applicants should be honest.There is no point saying you run marathons，if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19.What is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university？

【解析】B）。短文开头提到，家长和老师会告诉你，申请大学的时候不要担心，但这是人生中最重要的抉择。第一个抉择就是课程的选择。B）是对短文中信息的再现，故为答案。

20.What is the most important part of the application？

【解析】D）。短文中提到，申请大学最重要的部分是相当令人害怕的个人陈述部分。D）是短文中信息的再现，故为答案。

21.What must applicants do in their personal statements？

【解析】C）。短文中提到，招生人员会阅读每一份提交的个人陈述。如果你说你选择这门课程是因为你喜欢它，这毫无说服力。你需要阐述具体是什么激发了你的兴趣。他们会查看你所列出的证据和你对这门课程的看法。C）是短文中信息的再现，故为答案。

Passage Three

整体预测

本短文四道题选项中的rubber tyres，built in the late 19th century，drive，assembly line和 British cars表明，短文可能与汽车有关，可能涉及汽车的配件、历史和生产情况等。

名师点睛

[22]It is usually agreed that a German，Carl Benz，built the first motorcar in 1885.It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear.Soon，members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport.[23]The early cars had two seats.There were no petrol pumps and few garages，so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.

By 1905，cars began to look like cars of today，with head lamps，wind screen，rubber tyres and number plates. [24]Henry Ford’s Model T，introduced in America in 1909，was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line.It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people.With the popularity of the car，registration became a must in 1903 with the Motor Car Act.Competency tests were introduced in 1935.

Today，the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17.You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test.In 1958，Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way—the Preston Bypass.Until then，no one really understood what a motor way was，not even the laborers who were building it.[25]The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism.Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born.Of course，the service station has diversified greatly.But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich，one thing has remained the same：the prices.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22.What does the speaker say about the first motorcar？

【解析】B）。短文开头提到，人们通常认为，德国人卡尔·本茨于1885年制造了第一部汽车。B）是对短文中内容的同义转述，其中的in the late 19th century对应原文中的in 1885。

23.What was the problem with the early cars in Britain？

【解析】D）。短文中提到，早期的汽车有两个座位。那时还没有加油泵，汽车修理厂也很少，因此每个驾驶员必须做自己的技师，能够修理频繁出现的故障。D）是短文中信息的再现，故为答案。

24.Why did Henry Ford’s Model T cars cost less？

【解析】A）。短文中提到，1909年引入美国的亨利·福特的T型汽车价格更便宜，因为它是在流水线上生产的。A）是短文中信息的再现，故为答案。

25.What do we learn about the Preston Bypass？

【解析】C）。短文中提到，1958年，英国庆祝第一条机动车道——普雷斯顿大道的开通。直到那时，还没人真正知道什么是机动车道，即使是建造这条道路的工人也不知道。这条大道开创了汽车旅行的新纪元。C）是短文中信息的再现，故为答案。