Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

Section A

Conversation One

整体预测

预览四道题各选项，并结合其中重复出现的TV（programme）以及watched only one programme可推知，对话可能与看电视有关。

W：What a great day，don’t you think？

M：I guess so.I hadn’t noticed.I feel awful because I watched television until after midnight last night.

W：After midnight！Did you watch so late because you were bored？I usually watch TV only if I have nothing better to do.

M：Bored？No，I was upset because I left my meal tickets in the cafeteria.That’s more than fifty dollars’worth of meal tickets down the drain.

W：So，did watching TV make you feel better？

M：Well，I felt a bit better while I was watching TV.You know，it can take my mind off my troubles.But after I turned the TV off，I just felt disgusted with myself for wasting so much time.

W：I’ve had that feeling before.

M：I had intended to watch just one programme，but somehow I couldn’t make myself switch off the TV.

W：Actually，I’ve read that there’s a scientific explanation for that.It seems that there’s a part of the brain that processes complex information，but that part becomes less active while watching TV.

M：That’s certainly how I felt last night—like my brain wasn’t very active.

W：That’s not the worst of it.If you watch TV a lot，or for a long time，that part of the brain—the part that processes complex information—shows lowered activity and you become more and more passive.

M：That’s incredible.

W：Next time you feel upset，you should go swimming.That’s what I do，and it always makes me feel better.

M：I suppose.Right now，I’ve got to go to the cafeteria and get some more meal tickets.

1.When does the woman normally watch TV？

解析C）。B）、C）、D）均涉及女士的行为活动，而A）却未涉及，与其他选项明显不同，为答案的可能性较小。根据对话中女士提到的I usually watch TV only if I have nothing better to do可知，答案为C）。

2.Why was the man upset？

解析A）。根据对话中男士提到的I was upset because I left my meal tickets in the cafeteria可知，男士感到心烦是因为他丢了饭票，故答案为A）。A）中的lost对应对话中的left。

3.Why did the man feel disgusted with himself？

解析A）。选项均以he开头表明，本题与男士的行为动作有关。由对话中提到的I just felt disgusted with myself for wasting so much time可知，他对自己感到厌烦是因为浪费了这么多的时间，故答案为A）。听清问题中的feel disgusted为答题关键。

4.According to the woman，what happens to the brain while watching TV？

解析D）。预览各选项可知，本题可能考查brain的功能或状态。由对话中提到的a part of the brain processes complex informationbecomes less active while watching TV可知，处理复杂信息时间变长，故答案为D）。but转折处通常为考点，其后的内容通常为答案所在。

Conversation Two

整体预测

本对话四道题选项中的easy，difficult，university，busy和read books表明，对话可能与学习有关。

W：What did you think of the exams，Pete？I reckon they were dead easy.

M：Maybe they were easy enough for you，but not for me.

W：Oh，come on.You’ve probably done better than you think.

M：No，I’m dead certain I’ve failed in Latin，and most likely in French and History too.Thank goodness it’s all over though.We can forget about it now at least until the results come out.

W：Yes.Now I can get on with reading all the books I’ve been wanting to read for months，but haven’t had time for.

M：What！Well，it’s up to you，I suppose，but I’ve had enough of reading；I’m not going to open another book for months.Don’t you think we all deserve a break？

W：Well，yesI’ll take a day or two off perhaps.And I think I’ll come to Bob’s sister’s party tomorrow night.But if I’m going to university in October，I’ll have to get down to some serious work again pretty soon.

M：I’ve got to get through the A level exams first.I’ll worry about university if and when I ever get there.

W：That’s the trouble with you.You always try to do everything at the last minute.

M：And you’re too serious；that’s your trouble.You never stop working.

W：Well，I like reading.

M：And I can’t stand it.I don’t know why I decided to try to go to the university in the first place.I think I’ll run away and join the army or something.

5.What does the man think of the exams？

解析D）。选项中的easy，normal和difficult表明，本题考查对某事的看法。对话中女士提到她认为考试很简单，男士说也许对女士来说的确很简单，但对于他来说不是，由此可知，男士认为考试很难，故答案为D）。

6.What will the woman do tomorrow evening？

解析D）。选项均以动词原形开头，结合其中的call on her sister可知，本题可能考查女士的打算或建议。由女士提到的and I think I’ll come to Bob’s sister’s party tomorrow night可知，女士明天要去参加聚会，故答案为D）。

7.What does the woman think of the man？

解析B）。选项中的he，always holds off/very busy和never tries anything表明，本题可能考查对he的评价。由女士提到的“You always try to do everything at the last minute.”可知，女士认为男士总是拖延工作，故答案为B）。

8.What does the man probably prefer to do？

解析C）。选项均以动词原形开头表明，本题可能考查计划或建议。对话最后女士说她喜欢读书，男士说他不能忍受读书，他不明白当初为什么要选择上大学，他认为他会离开大学去参军，故答案为C）。

Section B

Passage One

整体预测

本短文四道题选项中的future prospects，unique experience，job，independence和remain single表明，短文与未来的生活、工作有关。

I’ll still be working，but things would be different.With any luck，I’ll earn more money.But the most important thing will be the job itself and how interesting it is.I hope I’ll be able to choose the kind of job I do and who I work for.Of course，I like to have more money and more authority than I have now.But I don’t think they are the only things in life.What I really want is to be more independent than I am now，to have more control over my own life，perhaps to open a small restaurant，or write a book，or something like that.I am not really sure if I’ll ever have children or even if I want to be married.It all depends，of course.If I meet the right person，anything could happen.But I won’t feel that my life is empty and meaningless if I still live alone for 10 years or even 20 years from now.Not at all.My mother was always saying“There is nothing like a good relationship”.But I am not so sure.There is nothing worse than a really bad one either.

9.What is the speaker talking about？

解析A）。选项概括性强表明，本题可能考查短文主旨。短文以第一人称叙述自己今后的工作及生活愿望，由I’ll，I hope，I want to，if I’ll ever have等提示信息可以判断出答案为A）。

10.What does the speaker want most？

解析B）。短文中提到，what I really want is to be more independent that I am now，由此可知，说话者最看重的是“independence”（独立），故答案为B）。其他选项在短文中都有提及，但并非说话者最想要的。

11.What will the speaker most probably do in the future？

解析A）。各选项中的内容都是人生中可能发生的，但由短文中的I won’t feel thatstill live alone for 10 years or even 20 years from now可知，说话者并不介意单身生活，这是说话者今后10年或20年内可能的生活状态，故答案为A）。but转折处通常为考点，考生应注意。

12.What is her mother’s suggestion to the speaker？

解析B）。选项均以she should开头表明，本题可能考查某人给女士所提的建议。短文最后提到，my mother was always saying“There is nothing like a good relationship”（没有什么能比得上良好的夫妻关系），其言外之意是建议说话者应该结婚，故答案为B）。there is nothing like意为“没有东西能比得上……”。

Passage Two

整体预测

选项中的his mum’s和mum’s encouragement表明，短文可能与说话者和妈妈的故事有关。

My father died when I was nine months old，making my mum a single mother at the age of eighteen.While I was growing up，we lived a very hard life.We had little money，but my mum gave me a lot of love.Each night，she sat me on her lap and spoke the words that would change my life，“Kemmons，you are certain to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.”

At fourteen，I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again.Every day，my mother spoke to me in her gentle，loving voice，telling me that no matter what those doctors said，I could walk again.She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her.A year later，I returned to school—walking on my own！

When the Great Depression hit，my mum lost her job.Then I left school to support the both of us.At that moment，I was determined never to be poor again.

Over the years，I experienced various levels of business success.But the real turning point occurred on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951.I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was angry that they charged me an extra$2 for each child.That was too expensive for the average American family.I told my wife that I was going to open a motel for families that would never charge extra for children.There were plenty of doubters at that time.

Not surprisingly，Mum was one of my strongest supporters.She worked behind the desk and even designed the room style.As in any business，we experienced a lot of challenges.But with my mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul，I never doubted we would succeed.Fifteen years later，we had the largest hotel system in the world—Holiday Inn.In 1979 my company had 1，759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of$1 billion a year.

13.What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself？

解析C）。选项均为his开头的短语表明，本题与某位男士有关。短文叙述了Kemmons的一次经历：他和妻子带着五个孩子去住旅馆，但他的每个孩子被加收了两美元，这对于普通的美国家庭来说有点贵，所以他决定自己开一家不对儿童额外收费的家庭旅馆，故答案为C）。

14.Which can best describe Kemmons’mother？

解析D）。选项的内容表明，本题考查对人物的评价。短文中提到，在失去父亲后，“我们”的生活很艰难，但是母亲给了“我”很多love；当“我”出车祸医生说“我”永远也站不起来时，母亲用gentle，loving voice告诉“我”，“我”能再次学会走路；当“我”想要开一家家庭旅馆却遭到很多人怀疑时，母亲是one of my strongest supporters，这三个事例都说明母亲loving，supportive and strong-willed的特点，故答案为D）。短文中通过一系列例子表现母亲的性格，抓住其中表现母亲性格的词不难选出答案。

15.What led to Kemmons’success according to the passage？

解析B）。根据上题分析，Kemmons受到母亲的鼓励，明确目标，再加上他的自信和努力工作才有了最后的成就，故答案为B）。短文中描述母亲对Kemmons各方面的鼓励才成就了最后的事业，所以对短文进行总结很重要。

Section C

Recording One

整体预测

本段录音前两题选项中重复出现的migration和animal以及seasons，direction表明，录音很可能与动物的迁徙有关，可能涉及季节、方向等因素。

Good morning，class.It’s a beautiful spring day outside，isn’t it？So，it’s a perfect day to begin talking about migration.Migration is the main strategy that animals have for avoiding adverse environments and taking advantage of rich environments.

Now there are all kinds of migrations，but the most familiar one is the seasonal，latitudinal migration.In the fall， the birds fly south，and in the spring they fly north again.In the southern hemisphere，of course，this works in the opposite direction.This is the way that species have been able to colonize，to use those subpolar resources that are seasonally difficult to access，that are unavailable to many living things for half the year.Another kind of seasonal migration is altitudinal migration，which is where animals move vertically rather than to a different region of the earth.They go up the mountain in the spring and down it in the winter.

In regions with irregular climate patterns，some animals are nomadic—that is，they just kind of wander around from one area to another as，for instance，the rains bring fresh plant growth to these different places.Many animals of east Africa do this，wandering around the famous Serengeti Plain to where the grass is greenest.

Now most such migrations are undergone in search of food and water，but there are also reproductive migrations，where the purpose is to find a habitat that is safe and secure for the young.

Some animals，like our Arctic Tern，travel thousands of kilometers a year，and the most amazing thing is that many of them arrive in very specific places，in almost the same place，year after year.How do animals do that，how do they navigate great distances so accurately—and with just the right timing？

Well，the answers seem to be multiple.Some migrants just seem to follow coastlines and mountain ranges and other landmarks—and they either remember them，or they are genetically programmed to recognize them，or more likely a bit of both.Other animals use their other senses to help them get where they’re going.Research has revealed that our salmon are able to recognize the fine differences in the composition and concentration of the waters flowing from different sources，so that for the salmon，each little stream has its own unique flavour，and they can follow that flavour all the way up the river to their birthplace.

Other migrants have evidently evolved very sophisticated navigation systems that use the sun and the stars，or use day length or polarized light，or even use the Earth’s magnetic field，as timers and direction finders.

16.How has the professor organized his presentation of migration？

解析A）。选项均为名词短语表明，本题可能考查录音的主题，且与migration（迁徙）有关。教授首先提到为了适应不同的气候而进行的季节性迁移，包括水平迁移和垂直迁移，然后又提到游牧式的迁移以及为了食物、水源或繁殖后代而进行的迁移。由此可知，该录音是按照迁移的目的（功能）去展开对动物迁移的阐述，故答案为A）。

17.According to the lecture，what is the main difference between altitudinal and latitudinal migration？

解析D）。选项中重复出现的migration以及length，seasons，frequency和direction表明，本题可能考查各种迁徙之间的主要区别。录音中提到另一种季节性迁徙是垂直迁移，而不像水平迁移那样从一个地方平移到另一个地方。动物们春天爬到山顶，冬天再回到山下。由此可知，水平迁徙与垂直迁移的主要区别在于迁移的方向不同，故答案为D）。

18.Based on the professor’s remarks，what does“nomadic”mean？

解析A）。选项均为意义不同的形容词表明，本题可能考查对某种现象的评价或解释。由录音中提到的some animals are nomadic—that is，they just kind of wander around from one area to another as可知，此处nomadic意指“游牧的，游荡不定的”，故答案为A）。A）中的wandering与文中的wander为同根词复现。

19.Which sense is used by the salmon as a method of navigation？

解析C）。选项均为表示感官的名词表明，本题可能考查某种感官因素在动物迁徙中的作用。录音中提到，研究发现，三文鱼能够发现不同水源在成分和浓度上的细微差别，因此每一条河流对它们而言都有其特殊的味道（unique flavour），它们也正是顺着这种味道才能游回到自己的出生地。由此可知，三文鱼是靠味觉导航完成迁徙的，故答案为C）。

Recording Two

整体预测

本段录音三道题选项中重复出现的disease（s），hazards以changed significantly，reduced greatly和第21题的名词（词组）表明，录音可能与疾病有关，可能涉及其影响或起因。

From the statistics，we can conclude that potential threats and hazards to human health have changed significantly over the past 100 years.Changes in the leading causes of death and disease show a shift from infectious diseases to chronic degenerative diseases such as heart disease，cancer，and stroke.What I must say is that these chronic diseases are greatly influenced by personal life style.

As we can see，today’s life style is considered more of a health determinant than it was in 1900.The infectious diseases have been effectively controlled in the United States，where the leading cause of death is heart disease.It is estimated that health life style factors contribute to 54 percent of all deaths due to heart disease.Health life style risk factors for heart disease include smoking，high blood pressure，lack of exercise，obesity，and stress.Most of these risk factors can be controlled by the individual.Although health status is often determined by environment，body genes and the available health care delivery systems，personal health life style is a major factor.Major risks include alcohol and drug abuse，high blood pressure，exposure to occupational health hazards，poor safety habits，and the lack of enough nutrition.

Smoking is considered the leading preventable cause of death and disability in the United States.It is closely linked to heart disease，cancer and stroke.Efforts to inform the public of the hazards of smoking have increased the number of former smokers，but it is still a major health problem.

Alcohol and drug use and abuse have been common practices for centuries.Studies have shown alcohol and drug abuse to be linked to violent crime，suicide，motor vehicle accidents，and the damage to liver.

High blood pressure has been called the silent killer.Because there are no physical symptoms，people are often unaware that they have the condition.High blood pressure has been linked to heart disease and stroke.With proper care and treatment，either through medication，diet modification，exercise，or stress management，high blood pressure can be effectively controlled.

Exposure to environmental and occupational hazards such as radiation and toxic substances is a significant risk factor.Many of the cancers that affect humans can be linked to such hazards.Most communities and companies take extra precautions to ensure safety against hazardous environments.

Besides，many accidental deaths and disabilities can be avoided with proper safety procedures.It is estimated that injuries from automobile accidents in the United States could be reduced by 50 percent if seat belts were always used.

20.According to the lecture，how do the potential threats and hazards to human health change over years？

解析B）。选项中almost the same，changed significantly，reduced greatly和still the leading causes表明，本题可能考查they所发生的变化。录音一开始就提到，过去一百年内对人类健康的威胁和危害已经发生了很大（significantly）变化。造成死亡和疾病的最主要原因已经不再是传染疾病，取而代之的是诸如心脏病、癌症和中风等慢性疾病，故答案为B）。

21.What is the leading cause of death in the United States at present？

解析B）。选项内容表明，本题可能考查与某种疾病相关的事实。录音中提到，在美国传染性疾病已得到了有效的控制，而现在导致死亡的主要疾病是心脏病，故答案为B）。

22.According to the lecturer，which is not the presently dominant hazards linked to personal health life style？

解析C）。选项均为表示危害或疾病的名词词组表明，本题可能考查有关疾病或某种危害的细节。录音中明确提到，对人们健康构成威胁的主要是与个人生活方式（personal life style）有关的慢性疾病，C）所说传染病显然不属此列，故为答案。

Recording Three

整体预测

本段录音三道题选项中的biological composition，toxicity，seed dispersal，threat和damage表明，录音很可能与某种植物有关，可能涉及该植物的习性或造成的危害。

Todayahem，can I have your attention please？Thank you.Today I want to talk about a stimulating plant that is known by such flattering aliases as“Stinking Ninny”and“Mare’s Fart”.It’s called ragwort，and although it is a flower，it’s definitely not the type you want to give your wife on Valentine’s Day.Ragwort is a wildflower with characteristics of a weed.Though it’s indigenous to Europe，it can be found all over the world，primarily in cool climates with high rainfall.Ragwort is a hearty weed that can，is capable of rapid multiplication，and sometimes overruns the places where it grows.Because of this，Ragwort is controversial.It has a reputation—an undeserved reputation，in my opinion—as an invasive and，uh，deadly plant.

In the past，we，er，humans have used it as a type of salve to reduce swelling and relieve pain，and also to make green and yellow dyes.Some of the natural ingredients contained in Ragwort are still used in some natural herbal remedies today.Ragwort’s reputation for deadliness springs from its chemical inherent organic compounds.These compounds make the plant toxic to animals such as，uh，horses and cattle，which can get fatal liver damage from eating too much of the plant.This has cast Ragwort into，shall we say，disrepute among large farm owners，and created controversy about the actual degree of danger it poses to livestock.The key question being，“how much is too much？”British horse breeders，for instance，have claimed that Ragwort poisoning causes as many as 6，500 horse deaths a year.Hmm[pause]Critics are extremely skeptical of this number，because research suggests that the animals would have to eat a large amount of Ragwort to produce such a huge number of deaths.

The British government classified Ragwort as one of five“injurious weeds”in its Weed Act of 1959.A common mistake，er，misperception is that these legislative orders require landowners to prevent Ragwort from spreading on their property.In reality，all the acts do is to empower government officials to order such prevention if they deem it necessary.The acts themselves seem based on another misconception：that Ragwort is an，um，intensely invasive plant.It’s true that Ragwort seeds are dispersed by wind，but evidence shows that these seeds do not travel far.In a United States study of the dispersal of more than 53，000 Ragwort seeds，it was found that almost 90 percent of them traveled less than six yards，and that no seeds were dispersed more than 15 yards from their producer.It seems safe to conclude，therefore，that Ragwort plants pose little threat of widespread colonization.

23.What aspect of the Ragwort plant does the professor mainly discuss？

解析D）。选项中的biological composition和seed dispersal表明，its可能指的是某种植物，本题可能考查录音的主要探讨内容。录音一开始就提到，由于Ragwort（千里光草）的种种属性，它被称为致命的蔓延性植物，名声严重受损。接下来以各种研究数据和政府将其归为五大有害野草之一的事实来说明这种植物的名声遭到非议。由此可知，教授主要是针对该植物的名声展开讨论的，故答案为D）。

24.According to the professor，what is the one way that Ragwort can affect horses？

解析A）。选项均为描述it的句子，结合其中的causes，destroys，reduces和induces表明，本题可能考查it所造成的影响。由录音中提到的horses and cattle，which can get fatal liver damage from eating too much of the plant可知，这种植物的毒性会对牛马的肝造成致命的损伤，故答案为A）。

25.What is the professor’s opinion of Ragwort？

解析B）。选项中的people have underestimate，exaggerated，the plant has no threat和potential danger表明，本题可能考查对该植物的看法或该植物是否构成威胁。录音中提到，一些批评者怀疑研究中所反映的数据事实，并且教授也指出政府对这种植物的一些错误认识，并在最后给出结论：千里光草不会对越来越多的殖民地区造成太大的威胁（pose little threat）。由此可知，教授认为人们夸大了千里光草对动物健康所造成的威胁，故答案为B）。