Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

Section A

Conversation One

整体预测

本对话选项中的right，students，live off campus，surroundings for study，study environment和poor conditions in university accommodation表明，对话可能与学生的学习或住宿条件有关，再根据选项中的create，importance，adaptto，improved可推知，对话还可能涉及改善学校的某些方面的情况。

M：As far as I know，many students who choose to live off campus have good reasons.For example，they think the school doesn’t offer satisfactory accommodation.

W：Yes，I agree with you to some extent.Conditions in university accommodation need to be improved.But students come to the university for the purpose of gaining knowledge and preparing themselves for future career.So living conditions should be their second consideration.

M：I don’t think you are right here.Nice surroundings will stimulate our learning.Students who rent a house off campus can have a nicer and quieter environment in which to study and rest.

W：But don’t you see that we can still work better at our lessons with poor dormitory rooms？At any rate，if we want to study，we can go to the library or the classrooms.

M：I truly can’t agree with you.School dormitories are usually noisy and crowded.Some rooms are very damp. These kinds of living conditions will seriously affect the quality of our rest.Without good rest，how can we study with enough energy？

W：To certain degrees，what you said is true.However，crowdedness and noises are something that can’t be avoided in our daily life.So we should learn to be tolerant of hardships.If we can’t be adaptive and flexible at the university，how can we expect ourselves to survive in the society？Not to mention making a success of our life.

M：Hardships can teach us many things，but it will also make us pay for it.I don’t think living on campus to experience the hardships is a good choice when other options are available.Anyway，if the university can offer satisfactory accommodation，maybe no one will live off campus.

W：I’m afraid you are off the point.The conditions can’t be improved within one day，so let’s face the reality.

1.What are the two speakers mainly talking about？

解析B）。选项均为完整的句子且其意义各不相同表明，本题可能考查对话谈论的主题。对话开始时，男士就表明了自己的观点：学生在校外住宿have good reasons（有合理的理由），女士话中的but students come to the university for the purpose of gaining knowledge and preparing themselves for future career表明她认为学生来上大学的主要任务是学习以及为将来的事业做好准备，所以他们应该把住宿条件放在次要位置。接着由下文男士话中的I don’t think you are right here和I truly can’t agree with you以及女士话中的“but，however”等可推知，对话双方主要在讨论学生是否应在校外住宿（whether it is right for students to live off campus），故答案为B）。

2.According to the man，what is the possible reason for students to rent a house off campus？

解析A）。选项均以they can have开头，结合其中的better environment，more freedom/chances表明，本题可能考查they做某事的原因，或从某种事中能获得的好处。对话中男士在说明居住环境对学生学习的影响时提到，students who rent a house off campus can have a nicer and quieter environment in which to study and rest（在校外租房的学生能够有一个更舒适和更安静的学习环境和休息环境），而这正是学生在校园外面租房住的原因，故答案为A）。

3.What does the woman think university students should do if they want to survive in the society？

解析D）。选项均以动词原形开头表明，本题可能考查建议或行为活动。对话中女士说学生在生活中难免会遇到一些问题，所以他们应该learn to be tolerant of hardships（学会忍受艰难困苦），如果他们不能be adaptive and flexible at the university（适应和灵活应对学校的生活），那么他们就无法survive in the society（在社会上生存下去），也就是说女士认为如果学生要想在社会上生存，就必须先adapt themselves to hardships at the university（使自己适应学校的艰苦），故答案为D）。

4.What does the woman think of the accommodation conditions in university？

解析C）。选项中重复出现的the conditions can’t be improved以及problem和adapt表明，本题可能考查对某些条件或问题的看法。对话结尾处，女士提到the conditions can’t be improved within one day（住宿条件不可能在短期内有所改善），故答案为C）。in short time相当于within one day。

Conversation Two

整体预测

本对话四道题选项中的deposit money，deposit account，savings account和transaction表明，对话可能与银行业务有关。

W：Nextcan I help you？

M：Yes.I’d like to open an account.

W：Certainly.Do you have any identification with you？

M.Yes.I have my passport and a driver’s license.

W：That’ll be sufficient.What type of account are you interested in？

M：I don’t know，really.Could you explain the options to me？

W：Of course.There are several accounts suited to your specific needs.What will you be using it for？

M：I’m going to have my salary deposited into it.I want to be able to pay my bills，and I also want to use it to save some money.

W：Will you be making regular deposits？

M：I usually put away 200 dollars each pay check.

W：I see.Well，I’d recommend that you open two separate accounts，one savings account and one transaction account.

M：Why not just one account？

W：The advantage of the savings account is that it gives you better interest.

M：Oh，what is the difference in the interest rates？

W：Well，let’s see.I’ll just check.The interest rate on the savings account is currently 0.2 percent.Interest is paid monthly.

M：Hmm.I see.What’s the interest on the transaction account？

W：It’s only 0.1 percent，and there are no fees unless your monthly balance falls below 250 dollars.

M：And can I have a cheque book with that account？

W：Yes，of course.And you can have the two accounts linked to one card.

M：Oh，that’s convenient.

W：Yes，you can also have a portion of your salary automatically transferred into your savings account when you get paid.

M：Oh，great.That sounds good.I think I’ll open both accounts.

W：All right.I’ll get the application forms.

5.Where does the conversation most probably take place？

解析B）。选项均为表示地点的介词短语表明，本题可能考查对话发生的地点或对话中所提到的地点。由对话中多次出现的account（账户）以及deposits（存款），interest rate（利率），savings account（储蓄账户），transaction account（交易账户）等关键信息可推断出对话很可能发生在银行，故答案为B）。

6.What is the interest rate on the savings account at present？

解析B）。选项内容表明，听音时应注意和百分比有关的数字信息。对话中女士明确告诉男士savings account的利率为0.2 percent，故答案为B）。

7.What would the man do first to get his accounts opened after the conversation？

解析A）。选项均以“to+动词原形”开头表明，本题可能考查行为活动或目的。对话结尾处，男士在告诉了女士他决定要开哪种账户之后，女士说到她将get the application forms（拿申请表）。由此可推断，男士需要先fill in the application forms（填写申请表）才能开户，故答案为A）。

8.What kind of accounts does the man choose to open at last？

解析D）。选项均为各种账户类别表明，本题可能考查对账户类别的选择。对话结尾处，男士说他想open both accounts（开立这两种账户），而本对话前面只介绍了两种账户：savings account和transaction account，因此可知男士最后开立了储蓄账户和交易账户，故答案为D）。

Section B

Passage One

整体预测

本短文三道题选项中的divorce rate，children’s care，single-parent families和men need/can/should表明，短文可能与离婚现象和单亲家庭有关，涉及对孩子的关爱和男人的责任。

Most single-parent families result when a marriage ends in divorce.In most cases the divorced parents decide who will have the children.About 85 percent of the children live with their mother after divorce.However，more divorced men want their children to live with them.Sometimes a divorce causes a dispute about who will care for the children.In these cases a judge decides.In an increasing number of disputes，a judge orders that both parents share the children.Usually the children will live with one parent，and both the mother and father will take part in decisions affecting the children.In other cases the children will live with the mother part of the time，and with the father part of the time.Frank and his divorced wife，for example，share responsibility for caring for their 6-year-old daughter.The little girl lives with Frank for 10 days；then she lives with her mother for 10 days.

In other cases men care for their children alone.Tony，for example，was 18 when his girlfriend had a baby.His girlfriend disappeared and left the baby behind.Tony decided he wanted to care for his son by himself.Yet he was not sure he knew how to do it.So he joined a group in Boston called Fathers Incorporated.The group offers advice and skills to help.Tony takes care of his son.Tony believes he can be a good parent.He says women have been doing the job for a long time.“So，”he says，“why not men？”

9.What is the main topic of this passage？

解析D）。选项均为概括性较强的名词短语表明，本题可能考查短文的主题。短文中提到父母离婚后孩子的抚养可分为三种情况，第一种是绝大部分孩子由母亲来照顾，第二种是由父母共同来抚养，第三种是由父亲单独抚养。由此可知，短文主要讨论的是单亲家庭中孩子的抚养情况，故答案为D）。解答此题需对全文进行归纳概括。

10.Whom will most children live with after their parents are divorced？

解析B）。选项均以with开头及其中的father和mother表明，本题可能考查孩子与谁一起生活。短文中提到about 85 percent of the children live with their mother after divorce，由此可知离婚后大部分孩子和母亲生活在一起，故答案为B）。问题中的most children是对短文中的about 85 percent of the children的同义转述。

11.What does Tony mean by saying“why not men”？

解析D）。选项均以men need/can/should开头表明，本题可能考查男人的责任。短文中提到Tony decided he wanted to care for his son by himself，由此可知，他下定决心要照顾好自己的儿子。他说women have been doing the job for a long time，接下来用反问句why not men来表达自己的决心和观点：男人也可以照顾好孩子，故答案为D）。

Passage Two

整体预测

本短文四道题选项中的grow，flowers，competition和Mr Flowers表明，短文很可能与Mr Flowers种花参加比赛有关。

There was once a man who spent all his time in his glasshouse.Flowers was his name，and flowers were his main joy in life.He grew flowers of every colour under the sun.He grew these flowers in order to enter them for competition.His greatest hope in life was to grow a rose of an entirely new colour that would win him the silver cup for the Rose of the Year.

Mr Flowers’glasshouse was close to a public path，which was always used by children walking to and from school.Boys were often attracted to throw a stone or two at his glasshouse.So Mr Flowers did his best to be in or close by his glasshouse at the beginning and end of the school day.

However，it was not convenient or possible to be on guard all the time.Mr Flowers had tried many ways to prevent harm to his glasshouse，but nothing that he had done had been successful.

Then，just as he was giving up hope of ever winning the battle，and of growing the Rose of the Year，he had a truly wonderful idea.He put up a large notice made of good，strong wood，some metres away from the glasshouse，where it could be clearly seen from the path.He had painted on the board the words：DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE.After this，Mr Flowers had no further trouble.The boys were much more attracted to throw stones at the notice than at the glasshouse.

12.What was Mr Flowers’greatest hope？

解析D）。选项均为以“to+动词原形”开头的短语表明，本题可能考查行为活动或目的。由短文中提到的his greatest hopewas to grow a rose of an entirely new colour thatwinthe silver cup可知，答案为D）。D）中的win prizes是对短文中提到的winthe silver cup的同义转述。问题中的greatest hope为听音重点。that引导定语从句，先行词为a rose of an entirely new colour。

13.Why did the boys often throw a stone or two at the glasshouse？

解析A）。短文中提到“Mr Flowers’glasshouse was close to a public pathused by children walkingschool.Boys were attracted to throwglasshouse”，由此可推断出，男孩们是因为淘气才这么做的，故答案为A）。attracted to表明男孩们很好奇，比较淘气，A）中的naughty与此对应。

14.Why was Mr Flowers not able to prevent harm to his glasshouse at first？

解析D）。由短文中提到的“However，it was not convenient or possible to be on guard all the time.”可知，Mr Flowers不可能一直监视他的花房，故答案为D）。however转折处为常考点，是听音重点。

15.Why did the boys throw stones at Mr Flowers’notice？

解析A）。选项中重复出现的notice表明，本题涉及notice的情况。短文最后提到the boys were much more attracted to throw stones at the notice than at the glasshouse，结合notice上的文字“DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE”可知，男孩们想做别人不让他们做的事，故答案为A）。

Section C

Recording One

整体预测

本段录音第16题选项中重复出现的bird以及communication，research，language和后三题选项中的short messages，scientists表明，录音很可能与研究鸟类之间如何交流有关，可能涉及信息的表达方式等。

Birds use communication for a variety of reasons：to repel other birds，to attract other birds，to find family members，and to alert other birds to danger.They communicate with each other in unique and fascinating methods，which include singing，dancing and strutting.Biologists have only recently begun to compare to understand the implications of some of these，er，interesting behaviors.

Verbally，birds make noises that scientists label“calls”and“songs”.Now，most birds make only a single call，but some birds，known as song birds，are able to craft more complex tunes.In recent years biologists have used tape recorders to better analyze bird noises and study other bird’s responses to them.They have discovered that single calls communicate simple messages，such as“Here I am，”or“Watch out for that hawk！”Um，songs，on the other hand，are performed，or usually performed，only by males，and for one of two specific reasons：to defend territory or to find a mate.

Biologists know that baby birds make a cheeping sound to indicate to their parents that they are hungry or hurt，a behavior that they term“begging”.Different kinds of birds beg with higher or lower frequencies，depending on the location of their nests.Birds with nests in trees beg louder，using a lower frequency，because they have less worry of attracting the enemies.Birds with nests on the ground beg with a higher frequency that doesn’t carry the sound as far，because they are more vulnerable to an enemy’s attack.Um，begging birds compete for their mother’s attention，to be fed first or to get extra food or care.Usually，a baby bird that has had enough to eat will quit begging loudly.However，biologists have recently found that this is not always the case.New studies indicate that parents often give more food and attention to the most persistent beggars—the youngsters who cheep longest and loudest.Ironically，human babies often exhibit the same kind of behavior.

Birds also use a series of non-verbal signals，or body language，to communicate various intentions.Many male birds will perform some type of dance to attract a mate.Other species attract mates by flashing feathers with extraordinary colors，such as a peacock’s tail.A male will usually puff up the colored parts of his body and walk proudly near the female，hoping to impress her.When male birds succeed in attracting a female，the new pair will often perform an intricate dance together to indicate their acceptance of each other.

16.What is the main topic of the lecture？

解析A）。选项均为与鸟类有关的名词短语且意义各不相同表明，本题可能考查录音的主题。录音一开始教授就提到鸟类会出于各种原因去进行交流，接着又讲述了鸟类是如何利用叫声和肢体语言在同类之间进行信息传递的。由此可见，该录音主要是跟鸟类之间的信息交流有关，故答案为A）。

17.How do male birds use songs？

解析D）。选项均以“to+动词原形”开头表明，本题可能考查某种行为或目的。由教授提到的“for one of two specific reasons：to defend territory or to find a mate”可知，雄鸟会出于两种特殊原因而“唱歌”——保卫它们的领地或求偶，D）是其中的一个原因，故为答案。C）选项干扰性较强，当出现多个原因或观点时，要注意认真辨听主要的动词或关键词。

18.What is true of baby birds whose nests are in trees？

解析B）。选项中重复出现的they beg以及quietly，low/high frequency表明，they可能指某种鸟类，本题可能考查这类鸟哀求和讨要东西的方式。由教授在录音中提到的birds with nests in trees beg louder，using a lower frequency可知，在树上筑巢的那些鸟儿不用过分担心会招来敌人，所以他们会以较低的频率去大声“哀求（beg）”，故答案为B）。

19.What does the professor imply about birds’communication？

解析A）。选项中的scientists，don’t understand，similar tohumans和changed表明，本题可能考查对某种现象的看法或理解，可能涉及对该现象的研究等。录音中谈到生物学家们通过研究对鸟类之间如何进行信息交流有了一定的认识和见解，然而教授又提到生物学家们最近又发现鸟类的某些交流方式并非总是如此，即在鸟类之间如何交流的问题上，科学家的认识还不够全面，故答案为A）。

Recording Two

整体预测

本段录音第20题选项中重复出现的Picasso以及art，artist和第21题选项中的作品名称表明，录音很可能与毕加索本人或其作品有关。

We’re now going to spend some time，class，talking about the most revolutionary，the most amazing artist in the history of Modern Western art.Do you know who I’m talking about？Of course it’s Pablo Picasso.He was the artist who invented Cubism，and he was the artist who experimented with more styles and media than probably any other artist in history，with the possible exception of Leonardo da Vinci.And what I’m passing out to you now are figures of some of Picasso’s most famous and most revolutionary paintings.

1901 to 1904 is known as Picasso’s“Blue Period”，when he was a starving artist and sometimes had to burn his own drawings to keep warm.All his paintings during this period were done in grave shades of blue，and they depicted thin，depressed figures，beggars and homeless people.If you look at the handout I gave you，you’ll see an example of his Blue Period—The Old Guitarist，painted in 1903.Not a very happy looking fellow，is he？

From 1904，then，to 1905，Picasso passed through his“Rose Period”，when he began to use warmer，more tender colours—and his subjects became circus performers and clowns.You can see his most famous painting from this period on the sheet.You’ll notice，though，that this quiet group of circus performers still look alienated and uncommunicative，though they are treated more kindly than he treated the old guitar player.

All of Picasso’s paintings were rather two-dimensional up to this point，but then he began exploring pictorial volume， and this led to one of his most revolutionary works，Les Demoiselles d’Avignon，which he painted in 1917.This is usually considered the first Cubist painting.You can see how Picasso reduces the ladies’figures to a series of wide，intersecting planes.In this way，they suggest a multiple view of the world.This was a radically new，abstract pictorial language.

In my handout，you’ll also find some other examples of how Picasso’s Cubism developed between 1907 and 1921—Woman with a Guitar is from 1912，for instance，and Three Musicians，which is a masterpiece of his later “synthetic cubism”style，was painted in 1921.You can see in the Three Musicians how Picasso’s works have become much broader and more simple，and how they exploit colour so much more.

By 1945，Picasso was well established as one of the great masters of modern art，but he continued to experiment with styles and techniques throughout his life.We’ll be looking at him again later in the term，when we examine Cubism and other modern visual movements in more detail.

20.Why does the lecturer mention Leonardo da Vinci？

解析A）。选项均为由as引导的名词短语，结合其中重复出现的Picasso以及measure，art，key figure，artist可知，本题可能考查文中所提人物或例子对毕加索或其作品的影响。教授在谈及毕加索在艺术上的高深之处时提到，毕加索尝试过很多种风格和媒体的结合，这可能是历史上除了达·芬奇之外，其他艺术家无法能比的。由此可知，教授在此提到达·芬奇是为了证明毕加索的作品之多，范围之广，故答案为A）。

21.Which is considered Picasso’s first Cubist painting？

解析A）。选项内容表明，本题可能考查毕加索的某个作品名称。由教授提到的Les Demoiselles d’Avignonis usually considered the first Cubist painting可知，毕加索的第一张被认为带有立体主义色彩的作品是《亚威农少女》（Les Demoiselles d’Avignon），故答案为A）。

22.How has the lecturer organized his lecture？

解析C）。选项内容表明，本题可能考查演讲主题的层次是如何排列的，即演讲者是按照什么顺序或线索展开演讲的。教授在引出话题后，分别提及毕加索在两个主要阶段的创作情况及作品简介，即Blue Period和Rose Period，并提及了1945年毕加索已经被公认为现代艺术界的佼佼者。由此可知，演讲者是按照毕加索作品的不同发展阶段来展开叙述的，故答案为C）。

Recording Three

整体预测

本段录音三道题选项中重复出现的evolution，sociobiology，behaviour和insects提示，录音很可能与生物社会学中的某种进化行为有关，可能涉及的主题是昆虫的行为等。

Well，it looks like everybody’s here.Some of you are Sociology majors，I know，and others of you are in the Biology Department，so I think the first thing I should do is give you all an idea of what sociobiology is all about.It’s a relatively new field.The word“sociobiology”didn’t even exist until 1946，and it wasn’t really noticed until after 1975，when the great zoologist Edward O.Wilson，who studies insects，discussed it in his book.It was after this book was published that sociobiology really exploded into an exciting new field of research.

What is it that Dr.Wilson writes in his book？Well，briefly，Wilson wanted to use the theories of biological evolution and natural selection—you know，Darwin’s theories—and apply them to explain the development of social behaviors Wilson’s research was mostly on ants，and he was interested in the reasons for their complex social behaviours，like division of labor，like mating and parenting—and he was especially interested in the idea of altruistic behaviour，of altruism.Now，you should already know that word.“Altruism”is the act of helping someone else when the action does not seem to help you yourself.

Now，ants—what we call the“social insects”—are perfect altruists.Almost all the members of their colonies are female workers who never get a chance to reproduce.Instead，they spend their lives defending and taking care of the nest and their queen and the queen’s offspring.It’s only the queen who gets to pass along her genes to the next generation.Wilson wondered why this was，why such a system would evolve，why an organism would give up its own genes to accept another’s.He knew that there must be some advantage to this，so he set out to discover what that advantage might be.

I’m sure you all know the old riddle about“what came first，the chicken or the egg？”—and also the slightly humorous idea that“a chicken is just an egg’s way of producing another egg”.Well，that’s essentially what the basis of Wilson’s theory is—that an organism is just a gene’s way of producing another gene.Dr.Wilson thought that the genes of all the members of an ant colony are so similar that a worker ant is really taking care of its own genes when it takes care of the queen’s offspring.And if such a colony is more successful，if it has a better chance of surviving，because of this specialization of labor—because the workers specialize in working and the queen specializes in laying eggs—then evolution will support this altruistic behaviour.

23.Which fact is true of Edward O.Wilson？

解析D）。选项均为描述he的句子，结合其中的wrote，coined the word，won和research表明，本题可能考查有关he的事实细节，可能涉及he所取得的成就或研究的方向等。录音一开始提到，动物学家爱德华·威尔逊是研究昆虫的，并在他的书中探讨了“生物社会学”的概念，整篇演讲中并未提及该书名或者其是否获得诺贝尔奖，故答案为D）。

24.What is altruism？

解析C）。选项均为名词短语，结合其中的trait，proof，behaviour和riddle可知，本题可能考查对某个概念或某种现象的解释。由教授提到的“Altruism”is the act of helping someone else when the action does not seem to help you yourself.可知，altruism（利他主义）是一种行为，一种对别人有好处，而对自己没有任何明显益处的自觉、自愿行为，故答案为C）。

25.Why does the lecturer mention“chickens”and“eggs”？

解析A）。选项均为由as引导的名词短语，结合其中的metaphor，warning against，contrast和source可知，本题可能考查文中所举例子的用意。教授在演讲中举例提到“鸡和鸡蛋”的问题，以此引出威尔逊理论的本质：生物其实是一个基因产生另一个基因的方式，即还原论。由此可知，这个例子以巧妙易懂的方式解释了之前提到的行为进化，故答案为A）。