逐句分析

①句有明确的时间状语“过去”，故译文时态应用一般过去时。本句为“做某事对某人来说是……的事”结构，如果直接进行逐词翻译，会造成“头重脚轻”的情况出现。进而，该句话可以翻译成it的形式主语句。译时可套用“it is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.”句型。“过去”即“在过去”，译为“in the past”。“拥有”可译为“own”或“possess”。“私家车”译为“private car”。“奢侈的”译为“luxurious”。本句还可译为：In the past，owning a private car is luxurious for most Chinese people.

②句中的时间状语“如今”提示，译文时态应用一般现在时。本句和第1句暗含转折关系，表示“过去拥有私家车很奢侈，但是现在私家车随处可见”，可增译转折连词“however”或“while”。“汽车随处可见”其实就是“汽车在哪里都可以被看到”。

③句第一个分句的主语为“汽车”，后两个分句的主语为“他们”，翻译时可处理为两个独立的句子。第一个分句中的“成了”提示，译文时态用现在完成时，后两个分句时态为一般现在时。“不可或缺的”译为“indispensable”“integral”或“necessary”。并列结构“不仅……还……”译为“not onlybut（also）...”。“开车上下班”可译为“commute by car”或“drive to commute”，表示“上下班往返”。为避免第二、三分句中“开车”和“驾车”的译文重复，故将第二个分句中“开车”译为“drive”。

④句较长，为避免译文过于啰唆，将第二个分句可处理为结果状语从句，将第三、四分句可处理为非限制性定语从句。“交通拥堵”可译为较正式的“traffic congestion”。如果“拥堵”不会译成“congestion”，也可译为最普通用词“jams”；“停车位”译为“parking space”；“不足的”译为“insufficient”，也可译为“lack/shortage”。“市政府”译为“municipal government”，如果不会翻译成“municipal”，也可以译为最普通用词“city”。副词“日益”可译为“more and more”或“increasingly”。“上路汽车”可简单地译为“cars on the road”。本句还可将后两个分句看作是前两个分句的结果，可增译表示结果的连词“as a result”。“限制数量”是“出台新规”的目的，因而处理为动词不定式，做目的状语。本句还可译为：The number of private cars in some cities increases so fast that the problems of traffic congestion and insufficient parking spaces have been increasingly serious.As a result，the municipal governments of these cities have to carry out new rules to limit the number of cars on the road.

⑤句又是由四个分句构成，第一个分句中的“由于”提示，可处理为原因状语（从句），可用“due to/because/since/as”开头或引导。“支持发展”是“采取措施”的目的，可处理为动词不定式，做目的状语。因此，将第一、二分句一起处理为一个简单句，第三、四分句一起处理为另一个简单句，中间用and连接，构成并列句。“严重”译为“serious”或“severe”，与第4句中的“严峻”不重复即可。“新能源汽车”译为“new-energy cars”。“采取措施”译为“take measures”。本句也可处理为and连接的并列句，可译为：Due to the growingly severe air pollution，more and more people now choose to buy new-energy cars. Chinese government has taken some measures to support the development of new-energy cars.

完整译文

In the past，it was luxurious for most Chinese people to possess a private car.However，private cars can be seen everywhere in China nowadays.Cars have become an indispensable part of people’s lives.Not only do people drive to commute，but（also）they often travel by car.The growth rate of cars is so quick that the issue of traffic congestion and insufficient parking spaces is increasingly serious in some cities，whose municipal governments have to launch new regulations to restrict the number of cars on the road.Due to the increasingly heavier air pollution，more and more people now choose to purchase new-energy cars，and Chinese government has also taken some measures to support the development of new-energy cars.

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