第三节 推断引申

阅读的目的不是仅仅理解字面的意思，而是要知道作者的真正意图。这就需要通过字面进行推断和引申，找到深层次的含义。要做到准确地推断必须要有很好的细节掌握的基础。抓住细节，分析其中的关系，获得真实意义。

例1：

Turner almost wished that he hadn’t listened to the radio.He went to the closet and grabbed his umbrella.He would feel silly carrying it to the bus stop on such a sunny morning.

此段中发生了什么事情？

A.Turner realized that he had an unnatural fear of falling radio parts.

B.Turner had promised himself to do something silly that morning.

C.Turner had heard a weather forecast that predicted rain.

D.Turner planned to trade his umbrella for a bus ride.

wish用在过去时表示后悔、但愿……。接下来的第二、三句描述他当时的情形：大太阳天，拿着雨伞，令他尴尬。由此推断，他所听的收音机的节目一定是天气预报。预报说会下雨，所以他带上了伞。选项C正确。

本段大意为：Turner很后悔听了收音机。他走到衣柜，拿起了雨伞。大晴天拿着雨伞坐公交车，他觉得自己看起来一定很傻。

例2：

“Larry，as your boss，I must say it’s been very interesting working with you，”Miss Valdez said.“However，it seems that our company’s needs and your performance style are not well-matched.Therefore，it makes me very sad to have to ask you to resign your position effective today.”

Valdez告诉了Larry什么？

A.She would feel really bad if he decided to quit.

B.He was being fired.

C.He was getting a raise in pay.

D.She really enjoyed having him in the office.

However是转折词，后面说的要跟前面不一样了。前面说的话只是引子，后面说的not well-matched才提到正题：ask you to resign your position（请你辞去你的职位）。实际的含义是“你被解雇了”。选项B正确。

本段大意为：Larry，作为你的老板，我得说很愉快与你共事。但是，公司的需求和你的工作风格似乎不大一致。所以，我不得不说，请你辞职，今天起效。

例3：

Bill and Jessica were almost done taking turns choosing the players for their teams.It was Jessica’s turn to choose，and only Kurt was left.

Jessica said，“Kurt.”

真正的信息是什么？

A.Kurt is not a very good player.

B.Jessica was pleased to have Kurt on her team.

C.Kurt was the best player on either team.

D.Jessica was inconsiderate of Kurt’s feelings.

taking turns意为“轮换”。两个人轮流挑选队员，每人一次选一个，直到所有的队员都被挑到这两个队中。可以推断，最先被挑中的队员肯定是最好的，在后面被挑的肯定是不被看好的。挑到最后剩下Kurt。可以推断，他是队员中最差的一个。选项A是对的。

本段大意为：比尔和杰斯卡轮流为自己的球队挑选队员。现在轮到杰斯卡挑了，但只剩下卡特了。杰斯卡点到：“卡特”。