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1.5.10 10  Meteorologists Use Supercomputers to Help Pred...
10 Meteorologists Use Supercomputers to Help Predict the Weather 气象学家借助超级计算机的帮助来预报天气

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仔细听

Many Americans start to closely follow weather reports in the early fall.During the Atlantic hurricane season,predicting the strength and movement of these huge storm systems is of crucial importance.Thanks to new supercomputers,meteorologists for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)are getting better at predicting the weather as far as six days out.

许多美国人在初秋季节就会开始密切关注天气预报。在大西洋飓风季到来的时候,预测这些巨大风暴系统的强度和路线变得至关重要。多亏了新型超级计算机的出现,美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的气象学家们已经可以越来越准确地预报六天之内的天气了。

听力破解:播音员重读了far和out,强调了可预测的时间提前至6天。

词汇宝典predict意为“预测,预告”,如:

A:Can you predict which team will win in the basketball game?

你能预测哪支篮球队会赢得比赛吗?

B:I think the red one will win.我觉得红队能赢。

另外,make a prediction about 也可表示“预计,预测”,如:Mary is good

at making a prediction about the outcome.玛丽很擅长预测结果。

仔细听

Hurricane Sandy hit the East Coast last October,and caused deaths and widespread damage,it was one of the costlieststorms in U.S.history.At the time,some people blamed meteorologists for not correctly predicting the path of the storm.

But weather forecasting is extremely difficult,says Ben Kyger.He is the Director of Central Operations at NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Prediction in College Park,Maryland.

去年十月,飓风桑迪袭击了美国东海岸,造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失。这是美国历史上损失最惨重的风暴之一。当时,一些人指责气象学家们没有成功预报风暴的路径。

本·古格说,预报天气其实是非常困难的。他是位于马里兰州大学园的美国国家海洋和大气管理局下属的国家环境预报中心业务运行中心的主任。

听力破解:播音员重读了Sandy和costliest,强调飓风桑迪是美国历史上造成损失最大的风暴。

仔细听

“You've got major patterns in the atmosphere,like the jet stream,but you've also got little eddies,little currents,little things happening all over the place.All these little changes are interacting with each other,continuously,all day long.So if you look at it from above,from a satellite,you see the atmosphere moving and churning in big ways and little ways.”

他说,“大气是有它的主要模式的,比方说高速气流。但大气中还有随处可见的小涡流、小气流等。这些细微的变化一直在不间断地相互作用。所以,如果你从上往下看,比如从卫星上观看的话,就能看到大气中同时存在大范围和小范围内的移动和翻腾。”

听力破解:本段为采访古格时的音频,语速较快,且气象方面的单词较多,如:jet stream,eddies,currents等。另外,古格特别重读了moving和churning,强调了大气的运动方式。

词汇宝典:interact表示“相互作用,相互影响”,如:You have to learn how these two elements interact.你得学会这两个元素是怎样相互作用的。interact经常与with连用,构成词组interact with。

仔细听

Ben Kyger says oceans are another issue because they closely interact with the atmosphere and have a huge effect on storms.NOAA has spent about $ 20million on two new supercomputers,in an effort to improve the dependability of its forecasts.

古格说,海洋是另一个因素,因为它和大气相互作用十分密切,对风暴的产生也有巨大影响。美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)已经投入约2000万美元购买两台新的超级计算机,以期提高预报的可靠性。

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听力破解:ocean被重读,说明其在风暴生成过程的重要性。另外,播音员也重读了two和improve,强调超级计算机的重要性。

学着说一说

1.follow weather reports关注天气预报

▶follow一般表示“跟踪,跟随,跟着”,这里与天气预报搭配,可引申为“关注,收看”,如:

If you don't want to catch a cold during early spring,please follow the weather reports every day.

如果你在初春的季节不想感冒的话,就每天关注天气预报吧。

2.be of crucial importance至关重要的

▶be of importance表示“重要的”,这里的importance可与significance 互换。意思等同于be important/ significant。如:

A:Going to university is of great importance in your whole life.

上大学是你整个生命中相当重要的部分。

B:I know that,but I'm not interested in it.

我知道,但我就是不感兴趣。

3.blame for指责

▶blame for 表示“指责,责备,归咎于”,for 后面常接被指责的不好的人或事物,如:

It's your own fault.You can't blame anyone for that mistake.

这是你自己的失误,你不能因那个错误责备任何人。

4.in an effort to试图

▶in an effort意为“试图”,in an effort to do sth.表示“努力做某事”,如:

A:How's your job going?你的工作进行得怎么样?

B:Rather difficult.Although we've asked for some experts' advices in an effort to make it move forward,but the result is not that good.太困难了。尽管我们已经咨询了专家,试图向前推进进程,但结果却不太理想。

▶类似的表达还有:make every effort(to do sth.)尽一切努力做某事,

如:

I'll make every effort to finish the work.我会尽一切努力完成这项工作。