Lesson 49


单词学习

名师点睛
comfort /ˈkʌmfət/
n.①[U]舒适②[C,U]安慰,慰藉
【搭配】live in comfort生活安逸;derive/seek comfort from reading从阅读中寻求安慰;give comfort to sb 安慰某人
【例句】Most importantly,we’re not giving up a single comfort for our guests.最重要的是,我们不会降低客人的一丝舒适感。
convenience /kənˈvi:nɪəns/
n.①[U]方便,合宜②[C]便利设施,方便的用具
【搭配】offer/provide the convenience 提供方便;come at sb’s convenience 在某人方便的时候来
【例句】Please reply at your earliest convenience.请尽早回信。
【链接】inconvenience n.麻烦,不便:cause the customer’s inconvenience引起顾客的不便
relief /rɪˈli:f/
n.①[U]轻松,宽慰②[sing.,U](痛苦等)缓解,解除③[C]接替人
【搭配】breathe a sigh of relief松了口气;work for the relief of suffering 为减轻痛苦而工作;a relief from loneliness摆脱孤独;to sb’s relief让某人宽慰的是;prescribe medications for their temporary/transient relief为他们暂时的解脱而开药
【例句】In many cases the money seemed to do little more than buy transient relief from the terrible moans of their bored children.很多时候,面对他们百无聊赖的孩子们无尽的抱怨,这些钱却似乎只能买来片刻安宁。
ease /i:z/
n.[U]①悠闲,安适②容易v.解除,减轻
【搭配】live a life of ease过着悠闲的生活;jump over with ease很容易跳过去;ease the pain减轻疼痛;ease the burden减轻负担
【短语】at ease安适,不拘束;ease off/up减轻,减缓
【例句】She had an ability to put people at their ease.她有能力让人感到不拘束。
luxury /ˈlʌkʃərɪ/
n.①[U]奢侈,华贵②[C]奢侈品
【搭配】live in luxury过奢侈的生活;be a luxury for the poor man对穷人来说是奢侈品
【例句】Many people believed that getting a divorce was a luxury that only the rich could afford.很多人都觉得离婚是件很奢侈的事情,也只有富人能负担得起。
pastime /ˈpɑːstaɪm/
n.[C]消遣,娱乐
【搭配】a traditional pastime传统的消遣方式
【例句】In southern Europe,shooting birds is a popular pastime.在南欧,打鸟是一种流行的消遣活动。
leisure /ˈleʒə/
n.[U]①悠闲,安逸②空闲时间,闲暇
【搭配】live a life of leisure过着悠闲的日子;devote one’s leisure to collecting stamps把业余时间用于集邮;have no leisure for sport没有闲暇参加运动;develop a new leisure class形成一个新的休闲阶层
【短语】at leisure有空;从容不迫地
【例句】You should strike a proper balance between work and leisure.你应该做到劳逸结合。
pursuit /pəˈsju:t/
n.①[常pl.]消遣,嗜好②[U]追赶③[C]追求
【搭配】daily pursuits日常消遣;in one’s pursuit of happiness追求幸福
【短语】in hot pursuit穷追不舍
【例句】People are having to move to other areas in pursuit of work.人们不得不前往其他地区去找工作。


名师点睛
relax /rɪˈtæks/
v.①放松,(使)松弛②放宽,缓和
【搭配】relax the muscles放松肌肉;relax one’s attention放松注意力;relax one’s mind by listening to music 听音乐使大脑休息
【例句】The movie theatre is a very good place to relax.电影院是一个很好的休闲场所。
【链接】relaxation n.松弛;缓和,减轻
loosen /ˈlu:sən/
v.①解开,放松②松弛
【搭配】loosen the belt/knot解开腰带/结;loosen disciplines放松纪律;loosen the muscle/screw使肌肉/螺丝放松;loosen up变得不拘束,使放松
【例句】Modern society has loosened people’s responsibilities to kin and neighbours.现代社会放松了人们对亲戚和邻居的责任感。
relieve /rɪˈli:v/
vt.①使轻松,使宽慰②接替,替下
【搭配】relieve the anxious parents使焦急的父母宽心;a drug that relieves headaches缓解头痛的药物;be relieved at midnight半夜替班
【例句】I had been hoping to get pro-motion for a while,so when it finally came through I was relieved.有一段时间我一直希望得到晋升,所以当这个愿望最后实现了的时候,我释然了。
refresh /rɪˈfreʃ/
v.(使)振作精神,(使)恢复活力
【搭配】refresh oneself with a cup of tea喝杯茶提神;refresh one’s memory through a map通过地图唤起回忆;refresh from the fatigue消除疲劳
【例句】The cool water refreshed him after his long sleep.久睡之后,凉水使他清醒。
revive /rɪˈvaɪv/
vt.使复苏vi.恢复
【搭配】revive an old custom恢复旧习俗;revive a scene in one’s mind回忆景象;revive(one’s courage/spirit/hope)恢复(勇气/精神/希望)
【例句】Günter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead with his latest novel Crab Walk.金特·格拉斯用其最新的小说《蟹行》重新唤起了对那9,000名遇难者的记忆。
renew /rɪˈnju:/
v.①(使)更新,恢复②重新开始③延长(……的)有效期
【搭配】renew the furniture/tool更换家具/工具;renew one’s health恢复健康;renew a contract/lease使合同/租约延期
【例句】Have you run up against any problems in getting your passport renewed?你在续签护照时遇到麻烦了吗?
【链接】renewable a.①(能源、资源)可更新的,可再生的②(合同、票)可长期有效的,可续订的:a renewable lease可延期的租约
reshape /ˌri:ˈʃeɪp/
v.改造,使再成形
【搭配】reshape candidates’images重塑候选人的形象;reshape the cabinet 改组内阁
【例句】They are planning to reshape the building that has great historic significance.他们打算修复那座具有重大历史意义的建筑物。

名师点睛

restore /rɪˈstɔ:/
vt.①恢复,使回复②归还,交还
【搭配】restore capital punishment恢复死刑;restore the company to profitability使公司恢复赢利;restore stolen property归还被盗物品
【例句】The army was called in to restore law and order to the place.军队被派遣来恢复当地的治安。
divert /daɪˈvзːt/
vt.使娱乐,使消遣
【搭配】divert oneself in singing唱歌消遣
【例句】He can always invent a new game to divert the children.他总能想出新的游戏来供孩子们娱乐。
【反义】diversion n.消遣,娱乐
entertain /ˌentəˈteɪn/
vt.①给……娱乐,使快乐②怀有某种想法③招待,款待vi.招待,请客
【搭配】entertain sb by singing songs 唱歌使某人快乐;entertain friends at/to dinner招待朋友吃饭
【例句】The wise man builds no hopes for the future,entertains no regrets for the past.智者不为将来空想,不为过去遗憾。
【链接】entertainment n.①娱乐②文娱节目:be exposed to more enter-tainment被置于更多的娱乐活动中③款待
amuse /əˈmju:z/
vt.①给……提供娱乐(或消遣)②逗乐,逗笑
【搭配】amuse oneself by reading fictions读小说来消遣;amuse the children with a story讲故事逗乐孩子们
【例句】It was too rainy to play out-side,so she amused herself with a book.雨太大不能在外面玩,所以她看书消遣。
【链接】amusement n.娱乐(活动),消遣:the amusement park游乐园;amusing a.有趣的
summon /ˈsʌmən/
vt.①(up)鼓起(勇气),振作(精神)②召唤,传唤③召集,召开
【搭配】summon up one’s courage to do sth鼓起勇气做某事;summon the witness传唤证人;summon sb to fundraising dinner召唤某人去参加筹款晚宴
【例句】He summoned a meeting for business leaders.他召集了一次企业领导人会议。
appease /əˈpi:z/
vt.平息,抚慰;姑息
【搭配】appease one’s anger平息怒气;appease one’s thirst解渴
【例句】It was a blunder for them to try to appease the aggressor.他们想试着姑息侵略者,那是一个大错。
console vt./kənˈsəʊ1/ n./ˈkɒnsəʊl/
vt.安慰,慰问n.[C]控制台,操纵台
【搭配】console a friend in grief安慰处于忧伤中的朋友;the consoling centre慰问中心
【例句】She consoled him with soft words.她用温柔的话语安慰他。
同义辨析
relieve表示把精神上的负担或痛苦减轻到可忍受的程度或使之暂时被忘却;refresh指提供某些必要的东西以恢复活力,或是振作精神,如refresh oneself with a cup of tea;console多指某人在痛苦、失败、失望、麻烦等时候给予安慰,如 console a friend in grief。


名师点睛
boring /ˈbɔ:rɪŋ/
a.令人厌烦的,乏味的,无聊的
【搭配】a boring person令人厌烦的人;a deadly boringfilm无聊至极的电影;make learning laborious and boring使学习变得辛苦、无聊
【例句】It was boring to sit there without anything to do.无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。
tedious /ˈti:dɪəs/
a.乏味的,单调的,冗长的
【搭配】a tedious story/speech冗长的故事/演讲
【例句】The job is tedious,but the pay is good.这工作乏味但工钱不少。
at /f1æt/
a.①单调的,沉闷的②平的③(价格)固定的④漏气的n.[C]公寓套房ad.断然地
【搭配】feel/seem flat感觉/显得无聊;a flat plate/tyre浅底盘子/漏气的轮胎
【例句】Everything seems so flat after the Christmas and New Year celebra-tions are over.圣诞节和新年的庆祝活动一结束,一切都显得单调沉闷。
dull /dʌl/
a.①乏味的,单调的②(色彩等)晦暗的,(天气等)阴沉的③(声音等)低沉的
【搭配】a dull speech单调乏味的演讲;a dull brown colour暗棕色;a dull cloudy day阴沉多云的日子
【例句】There’s never a dull moment when John comes to stay.约翰一来这里住,这儿就不再沉闷无聊了。
troublesome /ˈtrʌbəlsəm/
a.令人烦恼的,讨厌的;麻烦的
【搭配】a troublesome cough令人讨厌的咳嗽;troublesome financial problems/tasks恼人的财政问题/任务
【例句】He is a troublesome child.他是一个令人头疼的孩子。


名师点睛
apt /æpt/
a.聪明的,反应敏捷的
【搭配】be apt at painting善于绘画;an apt wit机智
【例句】An apt pupil is a person who has a natural ability to learn and un-derstand.聪明的学生是指那些天生就具有学习和理解能力的人。
intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/
a.聪明的,有才智的
【搭配】an intelligent decision明智的决定
【例句】If you are happy,if you live each moment for everything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person.如果你感到快乐,如果你每时每刻都活得有价值,那么,你就是聪明之人。
【链接】intellectual n.知识分子
shrewd /ʃru:d/
a.机灵的,敏锐的,精明的
【搭配】be shrewd in business做生意精明;a shrewd answer机敏的回答
【例句】His shrewd eyes looked across at his wife.他那敏锐的目光投向他的妻子。
ingenious /ɪnˈdʒi:nɪəs/
a.①(人、头脑)灵巧的②(物件等)设计独特的,(方法等)别致的
【搭配】an ingenious author有创造力的作家;an ingenious device精巧的装置
【例句】The ingenious boy made a radio set for himself.这个聪明的男孩自己制作了一台收音机。
alert /əˈlзːt/
n.[C]①[sing.]警戒(状态)②警报 a.警觉的,留神的
【搭配】receive an air-raid alert收到空袭警报;be alert to corruption/danger对堕落/危险保持警惕
【短语】on the alert警戒着,随时准备着,密切注意着
【例句】The boy was alert in answering the stranger’s questions.男孩很机敏地回答了陌生人的提问。
cute /kju:t/
a.①聪明伶俐的,精明的②漂亮的,娇小可爱的
【搭配】a cute child聪明伶俐的小孩;wear a cute dress穿了一件漂亮的裙子
【例句】Be careful with him;he’s a cute operator.对他得留点神,他是个精明的经营者。
同义辨析intelligent指人聪明、理解能力强,也可以修饰动物;shrewd指能很快地判断和理解某种局势并根据形势作出正确的判断和决定,如a shrewd answer;ingenious指表现出具有创造性的智力和能力,如在制造、发现、构思方面超过常人,具有独创力;cute多形容小孩或女人娇小俏丽。


名师点睛
dull /dʌl/
a.①愚钝的,笨的②钝的
【搭配】dull pupils笨学生;be dull of hearing听力不好;a dull knife不锋利的刀
【例句】All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍,聪明的孩子也变傻。
awkward /ˈɔ:kwəd/
a.笨拙的,不灵巧的
【搭配】an awkward remark不合时宜的话;an awkward dancer笨拙的舞者
【例句】He is rather awkward with his hands.他的手很不灵巧。
absurd /əbˈsзːd/
a.荒谬的,荒唐的
【用法】It is absurd that...[从句谓语用(should+)动词原形]……是荒唐的。
【搭配】do absurd things做荒唐事;an absurd request荒唐的要求
【例句】It is absurd to argue from these premises.根据这些前提争辩是荒谬的。
ridiculous /rɪˈdɪkjʊləs/
a.可笑的,荒谬的
【搭配】a ridiculous suggestion/figure 可笑的建议/人;be ridiculous in dress/shape衣服/形状可笑;a ridiculous idea荒谬的想法
【例句】There is but one step from the sublime to the ridiculous.真理与谬误仅一步之遥。
【链接】ridiculously ad.可笑地
idiotic /ˌɪdɪˈɒtɪk/
a.白痴般的
【例句】It is idiotic to go shopping with no money.去买东西而不带钱是很蠢的。
blunt /blʌnt/
a.钝的vt.①使迟钝,使减弱②使钝
【搭配】make one’s senses blunt使感觉迟钝
【例句】You’ll blunt the scissors if you use them to cut card.如果你用剪刀剪硬纸板的话会把剪刀弄钝的。
clumsy /ˈklʌmzɪ/
a.①笨拙的,粗陋的②不得体的,无技巧的
【搭配】a clumsy boy笨手笨脚的男孩;a clumsy apology生硬的道歉;be clumsy in her movements她动作不灵活
【例句】My speech was clumsy and not pleasant to hear.我笨嘴拙舌的,说的话很不好听。
同义辨析
dull侧重于理解的迟钝;blunt侧重于感觉的迟钝;awkward强调缺乏技巧、灵活性或缺乏优雅从容的风度;absurd强调不符合人情或常识的;ridiculous多指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄。


名师点睛
instant/ˈɪnstənt/
a.①立即的,即刻的②紧急的③(食品)方便的n.[C]①瞬间②时刻
【搭配】sentence a man to instant death判决将某人立即处死;in instant need of first aid急需抢救;instant coffee/noodle速溶咖啡/方便面
【例句】The instant your brain registers the word“apple”,it recalls the shape,colour,taste,smell and texture of that fruit.当你的大脑记住“苹果”这个词时,它就会使你想起那种水果的形状、颜色、味道及质地。
instantaneous /ˌɪnstənˈteɪnɪəs/
a.瞬间的,即刻的
【搭配】instantaneous response即时答复;an instantaneous explosion/photograph瞬间爆炸/快照
【例句】She accidentally swallowed the poison and death was instantane-ous.她意外吞下毒药,猝然死去。
【链接】instantaneously ad.瞬间,即刻
immediate /ɪˈmi:dɪət/
a.①立即的,即刻的②直接的;最接近的③紧靠的
【搭配】immediate cause直接原因;my immediate neighbour我的近邻
【例句】We are supposed to take im-mediate and effective actions to solve the problem of energy crisis.我们应该采取及时有效的行动来解决能源危机问题。
simultaneous /ˌsɪməlˈteɪnɪəs/
a.同时发生的,同时存在的,同步的
【搭配】simultaneous demonstrations in Italy and Mali在意大利与马里同时举行的示威游行
【例句】The explosion was timed to be simultaneous with the plane’s take-off.把爆炸的时间定在飞机起飞的时刻。
punctual /ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/
a.严守时刻的,准时的,正点的
【搭配】be punctual for the class准时上课;be punctual in answering the letter按时回信
【例句】The cat makes a punctual ap-pearance at mealtimes.那只猫会在用餐时间准时出现。
【链接】punctually ad.准时,正点;punctuality n.及时,准时,守时