Lesson 47


单词学习

名师点睛
handle /ˈhændl/
vt.①处理,应付②操作③拿,触,摸
【搭配】handle the case/contradiction处理案件/矛盾;handle such situ-ations处理类似情况;handle the machine/computer操作机器/计算机;handle with care轻拿轻放;handle customer complaints解决顾客的投诉
【例句】We don’t handle any free commodities at our store.我们店不经营免税商品。
cope /kəp/
vi.(with)(成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理
【搭配】cope with the complicated situation处理复杂情况;cope with sb in...在……方面应对某人
【例句】When an employee goes on paternity leave and is with his kids,he gets a new kind of training:in how to cope with stress.当一位雇员去休陪产假和自己的孩子在一起时,他会得到一种新的培训:如何应对压力。
tackle /ˈtækəl/
vt.①对付,处理②与……交涉③(足球等比赛中)阻截n.①[C]阻截②[U]用具③[C,U]辘轳
【搭配】tackle the boss for a raise就加薪问题与老板交涉;tackle the problem of poverty解决贫困问题
【例句】Mr Wells tackled the difficult problem,but he couldn’t solve it.韦尔斯先生处理过这一难题,但未能将其解决。
settle /ˈsetl/
vt.①解决,调停②安排③结算④使安定vi.①安家②停留
【短语】settle down定居;平静下来;settle in/into在新居安顿下来;适应新环境(或新工作);settle on/upon (a date)选定(日期);settle up结清(账目),付清(欠账等)
【例句】However,I believe the prob-lem will eventually be settled with the development of science and technology. 不过,我相信随着科学技术的发展,问题终究会得到解决。
【链接】unsettle vt.使心神不宁,扰乱;使担忧:unsettle one’s nerves使情绪不稳定
solve /sɒlv/
vt.解决,解答【搭配】solve the equation解答方程式;solve the problem of over-crowd-ing on the earth解决地球人口过剩的问题
【例句】Intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex prob-lems.智力得根据你解决复杂问题的能力来衡量。
resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/
vt.①解决②决定③(into)分解vi.决定n.[C]决心
【搭配】resolve differences解决分歧;resolve to start early决定尽早动身;resolve into two substances分解成两种物质;shake one’s resolve动摇决心
【例句】The letter resolved all our doubts.这封信消除了我们的一切疑虑。
manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/
vi.处理,设法对付vt.①管理,处理②设法,对付
【搭配】easily managed problems很容易处理的问题;manage to avoid an accident设法避免事故;manage to reach the top of the mountain奋力爬上山顶;manage their children’s time安排他们孩子的时间
【例句】She could only manage one day a week in the office due to childcare.因为照顾孩子,她每周只能有一天来办公室。
【链接】management n.管理,处理;managerial a.经营的,管理的:managerial experience管理经验
同义辨析
handle表示解决问题或控制形势,如handle the case;cope(with)表示成功地应付困境,如cope with the complicated situation/unexpected catastrophe;tackle含有为长久地解决问题而去处理某事的意思,如tackle the problem of poverty;settle常指经过争论最后作出了结论或选择;resolve带有实行决定的坚定意志的含义,如resolve differences。


名师点睛
monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə/
vt.①监测②监听n.[C]①监听器②(学校的)班长
【搭配】monitor the water flowing监测水流量;radar stations monitoring enemy planes监视敌机的雷达站;monitor a criminal’s phone conversa-tions监听罪犯的电话交谈
【例句】Reformers also want to see the INS set up a database to monitor whether visa holders actually leave the country when they are required to.改革者们还希望移民归化局建立一个数据库来监控签证持有者是否在规定期限内离境了。
supervise /ˈsu:pəvaɪz/
v.监督;管理;指导
【搭配】supervise the enforcement of law监督法律的执行;supervise a team of investigators监督调查组;supervise our drawing class指导我们的美术课
【例句】Tomorrow he will supervise all the pupils taking the English examina-tion.明天他将监考英语。
【链接】supervisor n.监督人;主管人;指导者
oversee /ˌəvəˈsi:/
vt.监督,监视
【搭配】oversee a project监督一个工程
【例句】I was responsible for oversee-ing about 30 employees.我曾经负责监管30名员工。
manipulate /məˈnɪpjuleɪt/
vt.①操纵,控制,影响②(熟练地)
操作
【搭配】manipulate various controls操作各种控制装置;manipulate stock prices操纵股票价格;manipulate a computer操作计算机;legally manip-ulate contracts合法操纵合同
【例句】Too many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly ma-nipulated into parenthood by their parents.有太多没有子女的、易于屈服的成年人在自己父母无情的摆布下做了父母。
【链接】manipulation n.使用,操作;操纵;manipulative a.操纵的,控制的
command /kəˈma:nd/
vt.①命令,指挥②掌握③值得n. ①[C]命令②[U]掌握③[U]控制,指挥
【搭配】command the soldier tofire命令士兵开火;have a good command of English精通英语;acquire/get command of the sky要求/得到制空权
【例句】They are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can. 他们指挥机器人以比人类的外科医生更高的精确度将组织切除。
curb /kзːb/
vt.控制,约束n.[C]①控制,约束②(街道或人行道的)路缘
【搭配】curb on spending控制开支;curb one’s anger抑制愤怒;park his car at the curb把车停在路边
【例句】Measures have been taken to curb inflation.已采取措施抑制通货膨胀。
dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/
v.①支配,控制②在……中占首要地位③俯视
【搭配】desire to dominate over others 支配别人的欲望;dominate the best-seller lists在畅销书排行榜中靠前;dominate the crowd around影响周围人群;dominate conservative gender norms在保守的性别标准中占主要地位
【例句】For many years the Japanese have dominated the car market.很多年来,日本人一直占据着大部分汽车市场。
【链接】domination n.支配,统治,控制:domination of the sport该项运动的主导地位


名师点睛
overcome /ˌəvəˈkʌm/
vt.①战胜,克服②(感情等)压倒,使受不了
【搭配】overcome enemies战胜敌人;overcome difficulties/short-comings克服困难/缺点;overcome the problems解决问题;be overcome with joy喜出望外
【例句】The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help minority students overcome the stereo-type that they are less qualified. 该大学在同辈心理辅导方面投入了大量资源,帮助少数民族学生克服他们不如别人的这种思维定式。
regulate /ˈregjʊleɪt/
vt.管理,控制
【搭配】a well-regulated factory管理有方的工厂;regulate expenditure/ ow of water 控制支出/水流
【例句】Bay Area officials planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region’s growing pile of electronic trash.湾区的官员表示,他们计划自行采取行动以控制本地区日益增多的电子垃圾。
【链接】regulation n.①规章,规则:tear up all the regulations撕毁所有的规章制度②管理,调节;deregula-tion n.对(某事物)的规定、管制的撤销;regulatory a.(对工商业)具有监管权的,监管的:regulatory procedures监管程序
harness /ˈha:nɪs/
vt.①治理,利用②给(马等)上挽具n.[C,U]马具
【搭配】harness a river to make electricity利用河水发电;harness a horse to a carriage把马套在车上;in harness 在职;正在工作
【例句】They will harness the sun’s energy to heat homes.他们将利用太阳能为家庭供暖。
manoeuvre /məˈnu:və/
vt.①(敏捷而巧妙地)操纵,控制②设法使变动位置n.[C]①谨慎而熟练的动作②策略,花招③[pl.]军事演习
【搭配】manoeuvre the car into the garage把车开进车库;manoeuvre sb into signing the contract诱使某人签订合同;manoeuvre to get closer to the stage设法靠近舞台
【例句】The bill would have passed this time but for congressional ma-noeuvrings.要不是国会的一些花招,这次这个法案可能就被通过了。
rein /reɪn/
vt.勒缰使(马)停步n.[常pl.]缰绳
【短语】rein sth in严格控制,严加管束;give(free)rein to(the children) 对(孩子)(不加)约束,放任
【例句】You must learn to rein in your temper.你必须学会按捺你的脾气。
reign /reɪn/
vi.①当政,统治②占主导地位n.[C]君主的统治(时期)
【搭配】reign over a small kingdom 统治一个小王国;the reigning beauty 绝代佳人;in the reign of sb在某人统治时期
【例句】At twenty years of age,the will reigns;at thirty,the wit and at forty,the judgement.20岁时意志起支配作用;30岁时是机智;40岁时是判断。
rig /rɪg/
vt.①(用不正当手段)操纵②给(船、桅杆)装配帆及索具③(up)用临时替代材料迅速搭起n.[C]①船桅(或船帆等)的装置②成套器械
【搭配】rig the market/election操纵市场/选举;rig a ship with new sails 给船装上新帆
【例句】We rigged up a tent with an old blanket.我们用旧毛毯临时搭了个帐篷。
同义辨析
manipulate意为熟练地操作或控制机器(如computer/controls),可引申为为了达到自己目的以不诚实的方式巧妙地控制或影响、操纵某事物(如stock prices);command指权威方面正式下令,如command the soldier tofire;curb指以突然、严厉的方法、方式控制、抑制,其后常与anger/spending构成搭配;overcome指在战斗或竞赛中战胜对方;reign强调在国内拥有最高的权力,如reign a kingdom。

名师点睛

execute /ˈeksɪkju:t/
vt.①实施,执行;完成②处死,处决
【搭配】execute an order/a plan执行命令/计划;execute one’s duty履行义务;be executed for murder因谋杀罪被处决
【例句】The manager’s assistant came here to execute a few small commissions for the manager.经理的助理到这里来是替经理办几件小事的。
commit /kəˈmɪt/
vt.①(oneself)使承担义务,使承诺②犯(错误、罪行等)③(to)把……托付给④调拨……供使用
【搭配】commit oneself to a promise 遵守诺言;commit a mistake/blunder/crime犯错误/大错/罪;commit sb to jail将某人关进监狱
【例句】A person may have to spend the rest of his life,or a large part of it in prison for acts that he committed while not in full control of his mind. 一个人或许必须为他在不冷静时所犯的罪行在监狱里度过余生或者余生的大部分时间。
perform /pəˈfɔ:m/
v.①做,履行;完成②演出,表演
【搭配】perform the operation做手术;perform the function of administration执行行政的功能;perform a play演戏
【例句】Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service.大部分医生都是诊一次病得一份报酬。
【链接】performance n.演出;表现
administer /ədˈmɪnɪstə/
vt.施行,实施
【搭配】administer justice执行判决;administer the last rites施行临终圣礼
【例句】The courts administer the law. 法院执法。
enforce /ɪnˈfɔ:s/
vt.实施,执行;生效
【搭配】enforce disciplines/rules执行纪律/法规;make and enforce laws 制定并执行法律
【例句】Parking restrictions will be strictly enforced.停车限制将被严格执行。
implement v./ˈɪmplɪment/ n./ˈɪmplɪment/
vt.使生效,履行n.[C]工具,器具
【搭配】implement a contract履行合同;implement the committee’s decisions执行委员会的决定
【例句】Implementing the new science standards and their math counterparts will be the challenge.实施新的科学和数学教育标准将是个挑战。
【链接】implementation n.执行:plans for implementation可实施的计划
undertake /ˌʌndəˈteɪk/
vt.①承担,着手做②同意,答应;保证
【搭配】undertake the responsibility 承担责任;undertake the preparation/arrangement着手准备/安排;undertake to be our guide同意做我们的向导
【例句】She is unwilling to undertake herfirst assignment.她不愿意承担第一项任务。


名师点睛
regulate /ˈregjɪleɪt/
vt.调整,调节
【搭配】regulate one’s eating habits调整饮食习惯;regulate the temperature of a room调节室内温度;regulate the distance between...调节……间的距离
【例句】The tap regulates the water that comes from it.水龙头调节出水量。
adjust /əˈdʒʌst/
vt.①校正,调整②调节vi.(to)适应
【搭配】adjust the pace of life调整生活节奏;adjust intensity of stimulation 调整所受刺激的强度;adjust the watch把表校准;adjust oneself in the school适应学校生活;adjust to army life适应军营生活
【例句】America is a competitive so-ciety;our kids need to adjust to that. 美国是一个竞争激烈的社会,而我们的孩子需要适应这个社会。
【链接】adjustment n.调整,调节; adjustable a.可调整的
set /set/
vt.①调整,校正②放,安装③树立④使开始⑤签(名)
【短语】set about(contacting)开始(联系);set aside①(~$10)留出(10美元)②(~personal feeling)把(私人感情)置于一旁;set back(the planting)推迟(栽种);set down(the story)写/记下(故事);set in开始(并将延续下去);set off(laughing) 引起(笑声);set out(the reason/to write)①阐明(原因)②开始(写);set up a(company)创立(公司)
【例句】I set the alarm clock for six in the morning.我把闹钟调到早上六点钟。
coordinate vt./kəˈɔ:dɪneɪt/ n./kəˈɔ:dɪnɪt/
vt.调节,协调n.[C]坐标a.同等的
【搭配】coordinate the function of institutions调整机构的职能;co-ordinate the marketing campaign协调营销活动;coordinate patient-related services协调与病人相关的服务
【例句】This contrasts sharply with the coordinated national programs of most other countries.这跟大多数其他国家协调有序的全国性(教学)计划形成了鲜明的对比。
tune /tju:n/
vt.①调节,调整②为(乐器)调音
n.①[C]曲调②[U]协调,融洽
【搭配】tune the TV to Channel 4把电视调到四频道
【短语】tune in(to)收听,收看;in tune(with the surroundings)(与环境)协调;out of tune w( ith(与……)不协调,(与……)不一致;to the tune of($20)共 计(20美元),达……之多
【例句】We always tune in to Radio 4 to hear the 10 o’clock news.我们总是调到无线电四台听10点钟的新闻节目。
同义辨析
regulate通常指把某事物调节或控制在需要的条件下,如regulate the distance/temperature;adjust指把东西调整到准确、适当的位置或状况,如adjust the watch。