Lesson 34


单词学习

名师点睛
apparent /əˈpærənt/
a.①显然的,清晰可见的②表面上的
【搭配】his apparent honesty他外表诚实;be/become apparent to sb对某人来说是显而易见的
【例句】It’s apparent to all that Chi-nese people are becoming richer and richer.显然,中国人正在变得越来越富裕。
【链接】apparently ad.①显然地②似乎:an apparently insignificant event 似乎微不足道的事件
obvious /ˈɒbvɪəs/
a.显然的,明显的
【搭配】an obvious change of attitude 态度明显的转变;develop an obvi-ous and genuine affection产生明显的真挚感情;an obvious effect显著的效果
【例句】The most obvious benefit of working at home is that you save a lot of time and money.在家里工作最显而易见的好处就是可以节省很多时间和金钱。
【链接】obviously ad.明显地,显然
evident /ˈevɪdənt/
a.明显的,明白的
【用法】It is evident that...很显然……;make it evident that...显然表明……
【例句】The challenge is particularly evident in the workplace.这种挑战在工作场合尤为明显。
distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/
a.①清楚的,清晰的②明确的,显著的③有区别的
【搭配】at a distinct disadvantage处于明显不利地位;a distinct improve-ment in one’s study学习有显著进步;be distinct from iron与铁有区别
【例句】There’s a distinct possibility that she’ll be appointed as a director. 她将被任命为董事的可能性非常大。
【链接】distinctly ad.清楚地,显然


名师点睛
explicit /ɪkˈsp1ɪsɪt/
a.①详述的,明确的,明晰的②直言的
【搭配】an explicit sign of trouble明显的麻烦征兆;an explicit family policy一项明确的家庭政策
【例句】I gave you explicit instructions not to tamper with the controls.我明确指示你不要胡乱摆弄控制装置。
【链接】explicitly ad.明白地,明确地:state the law explicitly明确地阐明法律
conspicuous /kənˈspɪkjʊəs/
a.显眼的,明显的
【搭配】conspicuous errors/mistakes明显的错误;hang a picture in a con-spicuous place把画挂在显眼的地方;make oneself conspicuous标新立异,惹人注目
【例句】Man’sflrst moon landing was a conspicuous achievement.人类首次登陆月球是一项令人瞩目的成就。intelligible/Inˈte1Id3Ib1/
a.清楚的,可理解的,明白易懂的
【搭配】the intelligible explanation清楚的解释;one’s intelligible speech明白易懂的演说;make oneself in-telligible使别人了解自己
【例句】His argument was so confused that it was barely intelligible.他的论点太乱,令人费解。
vocal /ˈvəkl/
a.①喜欢畅所欲言的②嗓音的,用口语表达的n.[常pl.](爵士乐或流行音乐的)歌唱部分
【搭配】a vocal communication口头交流;be extremely vocal in his criti-cism批评时非常不客气
【例句】Today the young are much more vocal.现今年轻人更直言不讳了。
blunt /blʌnt/
a.率直的,直言不讳的
【搭配】a few blunt words几句直言不讳的话;a blunt talker直言不讳的人
【例句】They try not to be blunt and avoid making direct criticisms.他们尽量避免说话直截了当和进行正面批评。
同义辨析
obvious意为“明显的”,指易于理解的、易于辨认和识别的,后常跟attitude/affection/effect等名词;evident多指感觉上明显的,如make it evident that...(显然表明……);distinct指某事物因突出而格外引人注目,常与from连用,可修饰disadvantage/improvement等名词;explicit强调所有细节都清楚,如explicit statements/directions(明确的陈述/指示);conspicuous可修饰error/mistake/place等名词。


名师点睛
dim /dɪm/
a.①(视力等)模糊不清的②昏暗的,暗淡的③朦胧的v.(使)变暗淡,(使)变模糊
【搭配】(eyes)be dim with tears泪眼模糊;a dim light昏暗的光线;a dim memory of the past对过去的模糊记忆
【例句】Prospects for any early settle-ment of the dispute are dim.早日解决争端的前景并不乐观。
ambiguous /æmˈbɪgjuəs/
a.含糊不清的,引起歧义的,模棱两可的
【搭配】make ambiguous statements 说模棱两可的话;ambiguous directions不明确的指示
【例句】The theatrical status of her frequently derided but constantly re-vived plays remained ambiguous.她那屡次被嘲弄而又不断被重新搬上舞台的戏剧,在戏剧界的地位尚难以确定。
【链接】ambiguity n.①歧义②模棱两可的意思:ambiguities in the arti-cle文中的那些模棱两可的意思
obscure /əbˈskjʊə/
a.①模糊不清的②不著名的,不重要的vt.使变模糊
【搭配】be of obscure origin/birth出身卑贱;obscure the issues搞混主题
【例句】The meaning of this poem is very obscure;I really do not understand it.这首诗晦涩难懂,我根本无法理解。
vague /veɪg/
a.含糊的,不明确的,模糊的
【搭配】a vague word含糊的词语; yield to vague terrors产生莫名的恐惧;be vague on/about many details许多细节未交代清楚
【例句】You have a vague sense of guilt that you aren’t paying close attention.你有一种模糊的内疚感,你没有专心听讲。
implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/
a.①不言明的②(in)内含的③无疑问的
【搭配】implicit consent默许;have implicit obedience in sb绝对服从某人;implicit bias隐性偏见
【例句】Their request for information seems to contain an implicit threat.他们索取情报的要求似乎暗含着威胁。
underlying /ˌʌndəˈlaɪ-ɪŋ/
a.含蓄的,潜在的
【搭配】have an underlying theme有一个内在的主题;underlying flaws 潜在的缺点;an underlying motive 潜在的动机;underlying rules of edi-ting编辑工作的潜在规则
【例句】It is important to exclude any underlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.排除任何可能会导致疲惫的潜在疾病十分重要。
indefinite /ɪnˈdefnɪt/
a.①不明确的,含糊的②无限期的
【搭配】give an indefinite answer作出含糊的答复;an indefinite air of tension难以描述的紧张气氛
【例句】The store will be closed for an indefinite period.这家商店不知将会关多久。
【链接】indeflnitely ad.不确定地
同义辨析
dim指因光线不足或清晰度差而“模糊的”,如a dim memory;ambiguous指意义不明确的,可修饰statements/directions;obscure指某事物的意思含糊不清,如ob- scure subject/reference;implicit指未用语言或行动表达,牢记implicit consent(默许);underlying表示人潜在的感情或其他的感觉,如underlying motives(潜在动机)。


名师点睛
invisible /ɪnˈvɪzɪbl/
a.无形的,看不见的
【搭配】be invisible to the naked eyes肉眼看不见的;keep oneself invisi-ble in the residence深居简出
【例句】He felt that he was power-less;some invisible force seemed to be directing his life.他感到自己无能为力,似乎有种无形的力量正在支配着他的生活。
gloomy /ˈg1u:mɪ/
a.①昏(阴)暗的,阴沉的②令人沮丧的③沮丧的
【搭配】a damp and gloomy day潮湿阴暗的一天;a gloomy conclusion令人失望的结论;gloomy economic forecasts悲观的经济预测
【例句】The future looks rather gloomy, but we live in hope.前景似乎很黯淡,但我们仍然满怀希望。
bleak /b1i:k/
a.①没有希望的,凄凉的②荒凉的③寒冷刺骨的
【搭配】seem a bleak prospect看来前景渺茫;a bleak hillside荒凉的山坡;a bleak wind寒风
【例句】The outlook for borrowers is bleak,as interest rates are certain to rise.因利率肯定要升高,贷款人的前途黯淡。
dizzy /ˈdɪzɪ/
a.①头晕目眩的,眩晕的②使人头晕的
【搭配】be/feel dizzy感到头晕目眩;climb to a dizzy height爬到令人头晕的高度
【例句】Prices keep rising at a dizzy rate.价格以令人眩晕的速度不断上涨。
opaque /əˈpeɪk/
a.①难理解的,晦涩的②不透明的,不透光的
【搭配】opaque style of writing晦涩的文笔;be made of opaque glass用不透明的玻璃做成;opaque star light暗淡的星光
【例句】Their intentions remained opaque.他们的意图仍然令人费解。


名师点睛
complex /ˈkɒmpleks/
a.①复杂的②由许多部分组成的,复合的
【搭配】deal with complex problems 处理复杂的问题;complex machines 结构复杂的机器
【例句】Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex.大部分研究者都认为导致现实世界暴力行为的原因是复杂的。
【链接】complexity n.①复杂性②[pl.]错综复杂的状态,复杂的事物:the complexities of higher mathematics高等数学的难题
complicated /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/
a.复杂的,难懂的
【搭配】the complicated trafflc system复杂的交通系统;be complicated in structure结构复杂;the complicated instruction难懂的说明;a compli-cated legal problem复杂的法律问题
【例句】Their banking procedures are complicated.他们的储蓄程序烦琐。
intricate /ˈɪntrɪkɪt/
a.错综复杂的,复杂精细的
【搭配】an intricate plot错综复杂的情节;the intricate structure of the language该语言复杂的结构
【例句】The intricate machine requires a skilled operator.复杂精细的机器需由技术熟练的人操作。
elaborate a./ɪˈlæbərɪt/ v./ɪˈ1æbəreɪt/
a.①复杂的②精心计划的,详尽的v.详述
【搭配】an elaborate mechanism一种复杂的机制;conduct elaborate market research实施详尽的市场调查;elaborate on this theory详述这个理论
【例句】She made elaborate prepara-tions for the party,and then no one came.她为聚会做了精心准备,可没有一个人来。
profound /prəˈfaʊnd/
a.①深奥的②知识渊博的,见解深刻的③深度的,深切的,深远的
【搭配】profound mysteries难解之谜;a profound thinker学识渊博的思想家;a profound sleep一阵酣睡
【例句】The new research has pro-found implications for the environ-mental summit in Rio de Janeiro.这项新研究对里约热内卢的环境峰会具有深远的意义。
sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/
a.复杂的;精密的,尖端的
【搭配】the sophisticated voice ser-vices尖端的声讯服务;the latest and sophisticated technology最新尖端技术
【例句】I can’t work this sophisticated new equipment.我操作不了这台精密的新仪器。
tough /tʌf/
a.①难对付的,困难的②坚强的③坚韧的④强硬的⑤粗暴的
【搭配】a tough job棘手的工作;skip the toughest questions跳过最难对付的问题;a tough policy强硬政策
【例句】Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough,cool and detached.大多数的男孩从小就被灌输男人应该强大、坚强、冷静、独立这种观念。
formidable /ˈfɔ:ɔ:mɪdəbl/
a.①难以克服的,难对付的②令人畏惧的
【搭配】formidable difficulties难以克服的困难;a formidable opponent 难对付的对手;have formidable op-position to the proposal强烈反对这一提议;a formidable wall无法逾越的高墙
【例句】Senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privi-lege to a group with millions of mem-bers who don’t need them.老年人折扣已经变成了令数百万不需要它的群体感到头痛的经济特权。
同义辨析
intricate强调使人难以理清头绪,如intricate fashion/plot;elaborate指某事(物)需要精心制作、认真完成的,常见搭配elaborate mechanism/research;tough指工作难于执行,如a tough job/question(棘手的工作/问题)。